小鼠天然组份日粮补锌对生长、繁殖及组织锌含量影响的研究

取２０日龄雄性昆明小鼠１５０只，随机分为５组。取性成熟雌雄昆明小鼠１５０对，也随机分为５组。各组分别喂含Ｚｎ５０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的基础日粮和含Ｚｎ６０、７０、８０、９０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的添加Ｚｎ日粮。生长试验３０天，繁殖试验观察２个胎次。结果表明，日粮Ｚｎ水平对实验小鼠体增重、饲料效率、繁殖力（初生窝仔数、初生窝重、离乳窝仔数、离乳窝重）无显著差异（ｐ＞０．０５）。血清、肝脏、胰脏、肾脏、胫骨含Ｚｎ量及血清碱性磷酸酶活性各处理间也无显著差异（ｐ＞０．０５）。说明以常规组份配合的天然组份日粮含Ｚｎ量不仅能满足实验小鼠生长和繁殖对Ｚｎ的需要，而且组织Ｚｎ也已达到饱和状态，额外补Ｚｎ没有意义     

日粮蛋白水平对生产黑熊取胆量及熊胆粉中结合性牛磺熊去氧胆酸含量的影响

选择42头成年生产黑熊，随机分为3组，试验期12个月，研究高、中、低粗蛋白水平（23.6%、19.1%、14.2%)的日粮对生产黑熊取胆量和熊胆粉中结合性牛磺熊去氧胆酸（C26H45NO8S）含量的影响。以确定生产黑熊取胆量与结合性牛磺熊去氧胆酸含量的最佳平衡日粮配方。试验结果表明：生产黑熊采用粗蛋白水平为19.1%的日粮配方最为适宜。     

外源酶对大熊猫日粮营养物质消化率影响的研究

应用外源性复合酶制剂,对移地保护圈养大熊猫进行了消化试验。试验结果表明,在日粮中添喂1.5‰和3.0‰的营养性复合酶或纤维素复合酶,均能显著提高大熊猫对日粮各营养物质的消化率,其中,对日粮粗蛋白和氨基酸的消化率：添喂3.0‰的效果优于添喂1.5‰水平的效果;对日粮粗酯的消化率：添喂1.5‰的效果优于添喂3.0‰水平的效果;对日粮纤维素、半纤维素和NDF,ADF的消化率：添喂纤维素复合酶的效果极显著;而且,随添喂水平的提高（1.5‰到3.0‰）,其日粮纤维素等物质的消化率亦随之显著提高;添喂复合酶纤维素等物质的消化率亦有良好的助消化作用。     

日喂饲料量对绵羊尿中嘌呤代谢物和瘤胃微生物蛋白质产量的影响

根据４×４拉丁方设计，４只体重相似（４５ｋｇ）的阉公绵羊（Ｂｌａｃｋｆａｃｅ×Ｓｕｆｆｏｌｋ）在不同试验期分别饲喂４００，８００，１２００和１６００ｇ／ｄ配合饲料（ＧＤ），相应采食量为７．２２，１４．４４，２１．１８和２８．８７ｇＤＭ／ｋｇＢＷ。尿中嘌呤代谢物排泄量（ＰＤ）和瘤胃微生物蛋白质产量（ＭＰＹ）分别为３．５６，７．０５，１１．２８，１７，５９ｍｍｏｌ／ｄ和１２．０，２０．７，２２．８，２８．３ｇＭＮ／ｋｇＤＯＭＲ．日喂饲料量增加对消化率影响不大，却明显提高了蛋白质的生物学价值（ＡＢＶ）和净利用率（ＮＰＵ）．     

纤维毛壳菌玉米秸发酵饲料的系统毒理分析和营养价值测定

玉米秸经纤维毛壳菌（ Ｃｈａｅｔｏ ｍｉｃｕ ｍ ｃｅｌｌｕｌｏｌｙｔｉｃｕ ｍ ） Ｓ Ｍ２７ 发酵后制成的纤维蛋白饲料（ Ｆｅｒｍ ｅｔｅｄ ｐｒｏｄｕｃｔ ｏｆ ｃｏｒｎ ｓｔａｌｋ , Ｆ Ｐ Ｃ Ｓ） 作为日粮中的粗蛋白源,喂饲白鼠和白兔,进行了系统的毒理分析和营养价值测定．毒理测试包括急性毒性试验（ Ｌ Ｄ５０ 测定和７ ｄ 喂养试验） ,蓄积毒性试验、致突变试验、９０ ｄ 喂养毒性测定等,结果表明 Ｆ Ｐ Ｃ Ｓ 的 Ｌ Ｄ５０ 对瑞士小白鼠和 Ｗｉｓｔａｒ 大白鼠都大于２１５４ ｇ／ｋｇ 体重,在７ ｄ 、２８ ｄ 和９０ ｄ 喂养中都未曾观察到动物机体有异常表现．微核试验中,各试验组与阴性对照组间无显著差异（ ｐ ＞ ０ ．０５） ,与阳性对照组间则有显著差异． Ｆ Ｐ Ｃ Ｓ 在白兔日粮中由１７ ．５ ％ （ ｗ／ ｗ ,重量比,下同） 增至３２ ．５ ％ 时,其营养价值递减,但粗蛋白的消化率各组间无显著变化（ ｐ ＞ ０ ．０５） ,多指标多重分析表明, Ｆ Ｐ Ｃ Ｓ 作为动物饲料有安全性,具有粗蛋白可被消化而残余粗纤维难被消化的特点,适用于作为反刍动物日粮中粗蛋白的部分替代物．     

日粮调制对肥育猪生产效果的影响

为了确定养猪适宜的日粮调制方法，对湿拌料、湿拌浸透料和干粉料进了两次生产效果比较试验．试验Ⅰ将９０头５１ｋｇ左右的育肥猪（大白×荣昌）随机分为３组，Ａ组饲喂干粉料，Ｂ组饲喂湿拌料（料水比１：１．５），Ｃ组按Ｂ组处理后堆放３小时，让其被水浸透，然后再饲喂，Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ３组的平均日增重分别为４１４．７ｇ，４３２．６ｇ和４５９．５ｇ；日采食风干料分别为２．０６ｋｇ，２．１３ｋｇ和２．２１ｋｇ；每增重１ｋｇ耗风干饲料为４．９８ｋｇ、４．９２ｋｇ和１．８２ｋｇ，耗ＤＥ６２．０９ＭＪ、６１．４２ＭＪ和６０．１２ＭＪ，耗ＣＰ７６１．３ｇ、７５３．０ｇ和７３７．２ｇ．试验Ⅱ将２０头断奶仔猪（长白×成华）分为两组，对照组饲喂干粉料，试验组喂湿拌料（料水比１：１．５），对照组日增重，平均每日采食风干料，每增重１ｋｇ耗风干料、ＤＥ和ＣＰ分别为４９７．０ｇ、１．７０ｋｇ、３．２４ｋｇ、４５．２１ＭＪ和５３６．５ｇ，试验组相应为５２６．５ｇ、１．７６ｋｇ、３．１７ｋｇ、４４．１３ＭＪ．５２３．９８ｇ．     

病毒灵,板蓝根对鼠肝炎阳性群小鼠影响的研究

在小鼠育种期内投喂病毒灵和板蓝根，小鼠平均每胎产仔数由７．３只提高到１０．９只（Ｐ＜０．０５），每胎平均产仔数１２只的种鼠由占种群的２０％提高到６４％（Ｐ＜０．０１），小鼠群鼠肝炎血清抗体阳性检出率由４５％下降到５％，经过一年多的观察，小鼠的质量和生产性能稳定     

绵羊体重对尿中嘌呤代谢物和瘤胃微生物蛋白质产量的影响

１９只阉公羊（Ｂｌａｃｋｆａｃｅ×Ｓｕｆｆｏｌｄ）根据体重不同分为三组，各组每日每只绵羊饲喂干草／精料型配合日粮１０００ｇ，其余食量分别为１３．１、１７．４和２６、８ｇＤＭ／ｋｇＷ，尿中嘌呤代谢物和瘤胃微生物蛋白质产量从５．６５和１２．１１提高到１０．３７ｍｍｏｌ／ｄ和２８．０９ＭＮ／ｋｇＤＯＭＲ。各组干物质和有机物的表观消化率变化不大，但绵羊的体重下降和采食量提高引起饲料中粗蛋白质消化率的明显下降，蛋白质净利用率却明显上升（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

应用外源激素诱导黑熊同期发情试验

应用孕激素、苯甲酸雌二醇、孕马血清和前列腺素、孕马血清或促卵泡素探索黑熊人工诱导发情。发情检查采用外阴观察并结合阴道涂片。繁殖季节试验母熊１６头，效果明显；非繁殖季节试验９头，发情率１００％，３ｄ发情同期率为６６．６（６／９）；５ｄ为３３．３（３／９）。     

牛磺酸和阿霉素对兔血清NO含量的影响

一、材料与方法１．对象普通及新西兰纯种兔２６只，由浙江省实验动物中心提供及饲养．雌雄不拘。年龄３～４个月。无人畜共患疾病。免随机分入阿霉素组（ＡＤＲ组）、对照组（ＮＳ组）和阿霉素加牛磺酸组（Ｔａｕ组）。ＡＤＲ组９只，体重１．６０～１．９５ｋｇ（１．７４ｋｇ±０．１２ｋｇ），ＡＤＲ用生理盐水配制成ｌｍｇ／ｍｌ，于耳缘静脉注射ＡＤＲ每次２ｍｇ／ｋｇ，每周１次，共８次。对照组９只，体重ｌ．６０～２．０５ｋｇ（１．７９ｋｇ±０．１４ｋｇ），于耳缘静脉注射生理盐水每次２ｍｌ／ｋｇ，每周１次，共８次。Ｔａｕ…     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with