《大明一统志·西蕃》考论——兼谈西藏地方志在明代的发展

《大明一统志》是由明英宗朱祁镇令李贤等人主持编修一部一统志,其第89卷中的《西蕃》为记今西藏地区的专篇。该篇虽篇幅不大,内容较简,体例不全,但却具备了我国传统地方志的基本特征,可谓寄存于《大明一统志》中的一部西藏简志。更早成书的《寰宇通志》是《大明一统志》编修的主要参考,两书中的《吐蕃》专篇的体例、内容、篇幅基本一致,是明代西藏方志的姊妹篇。继唐代的《吐蕃图经》、宋初乐史所著《太平寰宇记·吐蕃》之后,明代编修的《寰宇通志·西蕃》和《大明一统志·西蕃》被确认为西藏方志,填补了元明时期西藏地方志的空白,为西藏地方志自唐代以来一直延续发展提供了强有力的证据,因而在西藏地方志源流发展史上具有重要意义。     

道光《拉萨厅志·杂记》的有关问题及作伪证据

李梦皋所撰道光《拉萨厅志》是清代西藏唯一的一部厅志,《中国地方志联合目录》等已著录.文章对民族文化宫抄本、中央民大抄本及几种版本进行比较,分析了道光《拉萨厅志·杂记》内容中存在的诸多问题.指出通过对《杂记》内容及资源来源的分析,可发现其作伪证据,证明其应为后人伪作.     

略评《洛阳市志》第15卷《白马寺·龙门石窟志》

洛阳白马寺和龙门石窟历来被中外学人，民众视为古都洛阳的两大瑰宝。该文认为，洛阳市地方志编纂委员会编撰的《洛阳市志》第１５卷的《白马寺志》、《龙门石窟志》以宏大的篇幅和翔实的资料全面而深入地展示，概括出两处胜迹的历史面貌与演变脉络；其撰修方法和体例既充分吸收、继承和发展前代修撰方志的优良传统，又带有鲜明的时代性、科学性，是迄今为止关于白马寺、龙门石窟的最为祥备的史志，具有重要的学术价值与实用收藏价值     

明正德《夔州府志》点校读补

本文以奉节县志办明代正德《夔州府志》点校本为对象,从文献整理的角度,对其中点校及排版等62处失误进行了详细剖析,以便为三峡方志的进一步整理和研究提供参考。     

论清乾隆彩绘《雅州府图》的军事地理价值

《雅州府图》不仅绘制了雅州府及其附近地区的山川、交通、关隘、津梁、渡口,而且对雅州府的钱谷、祠庙都有明确的记载,这些是《雅州府志》所附《雅安县舆图》所没有的,因而它对研究雅州府在平定大小金川叛乱战役上的战略地位有着十分重要的作用,是一幅军事地理价值极高的地图。对此,主要根据府图内容,着重从府城建设、后勤保障、交通邮政、山川形势、关隘险要五个方面论述《雅州府图》在军事地理方面的价值。     

区城自然地理发展的趋向

一、历史的回顾从地理学的形成和发展过程来说,区域(自然)地理是地理学最古老的分支学科。不论中外,流传至今的最古老的地理学著作,如我国的《山经》、《禹贡》,以及二十四史中的《地理志》、《河渠志》、《食货志》,历代各地编篡的地方志等书;外国流传的古代地理学著作,以希腊学者斯特拉波的《地理学》内容最丰富。所有这些著作,都是以区域     

乾隆《雅州府志》中的西藏篇目及其资料来源

1739年（乾隆四年）成书的《雅州府志》专设有西藏篇目，以记载清初西藏诸多方面的情况。实为“西藏简志”或“西藏小志”，是西藏最早的地方志之一。其资料来源主要取自《藏纪概》和有关档册。该资料有助于清代乾隆初期的藏史研究。     

张琴《莆田县志·方言志》考论

莆田末科进士张琴于民国期间编修《莆田县志》，该志中的“方言”内容，无人提及，其体例、方言学方面具有一定的学术价值，也存在一些缺陷。     

古夔州地望形胜与唐诗互证（上）

唐时夔州，自古即为形胜之地，诸如自帝山、赤甲山、白帝城、赤甲城、八阵图、滟预堆、瞿唐峡等等，随着历史的推进，及至唐代，山川形胜与人文景观早已高度地融会在一起，这使得无数的骚人墨客为之醉心不已。本文拟将有关古夔州地望形胜方面的历史文献资料与唐代诗歌进行互证，以进一步展现古夔州丰厚的人文积淀，同时亦为唐人夔州诗中所涉及到的相关内容提供必要的历史证明。     

《三州辑略》史学价值论析

《三州辑略》是清代较早的一部伊、西、庭地区通志,它在充分继承前人成果的基础上,在门类创新上也取得了诸多突破,在中国方志史上具有重要地位。是书编纂体例严谨,内容丰富,全面而真实的反映了清代中期伊、西、庭地区历史、沿革、兵制、官制、地理等诸多内容,对后世方志的编纂有着重要影响。《三州辑略》以其重要的学术价值和思想价值,应该引起学术界足够的重视。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.