烯丙基异冰片基醚绿色合成研究

以莰烯和烯丙醇为原料,研究了烯丙基异冰片基醚的绿色合成工艺,探讨了催化剂种类及用量、反应温度、反应时间,以及烯丙醇与莰烯物质的量之比对莰烯醚化反应选择性及烯丙基异冰片基醚产物得率的影响。采用正交试验方法确定了烯丙基异冰片基醚的最适工艺条件:A-15型阳离子树脂为催化剂,催化剂用量为烯丙醇和莰烯原料总质量的5%,烯丙醇与莰烯物质的量之比为1.5∶1,反应温度75℃,反应时间7 h。在此条件下工业莰烯转化率为85.5%,反应选择性为97.5%,烯丙基异冰片基醚得率为83.4%。最后采用GC-MS、IR等分析技术对合成所得产物的结构进行了分析测定。     

甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯的合成及性能研究

以莰烯和甲基丙烯酸为原料,采用直接加成酯化法合成甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯(IBOMA).分析了反应时间、反应温度、莰烯与甲基丙烯酸的物质的量之比、催化剂种类及用量、阻聚剂种类及用量等对产物得率和反应选择性的影响,并采用正交试验对反应条件进行了优化,确定了适宜的合成工艺条件:以10％的Amberlyst 15作催化剂、0.03％的吩噻嗪作阻聚剂、甲基丙烯酸与莰烯物质的量之比为1.3∶1、酯化温度为60℃、反应时间为8～9 h,在此工艺条件下,产物甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯的平均得率为80.2％,平均选择性为95.3％,酯含量大于99.2％.采用GC-MS、FT-IR等分析技术对产物性能进行了表征.     

异冰片基2—乙基己基琥珀酸酯磺酸盐的合成研究

本文报道了用莰烯合成磺基琥珀酸酯表面活性剂的方法和合成工艺研究。并对TOM和TOSS中的萜烯基进行了分析和表征。TOM和TOSS中的萜烯基主要是异冰片基。     

离子交换树脂催化合成甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯

以莰烯和甲基丙烯酸为原料,强酸性阳离子交换树脂为催化剂合成甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯. 考察几种强酸性阳离子交换树脂（CT800,CT275,CT269和UPR65）的催化活性,并从催化剂的结构对实验结果进行分析. 结果表明,CT800阳离子交换树脂的离子交换容量和比表面积最大,整体催化性能最佳. 在最佳工艺条件下（反应温度47℃,搅拌速率500r·min^{-1,烯酸比1∶0.8,反应时间4h,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的10%）,甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯的收率可达83.15%,主反应选择性为97.95%. CT800阳离子交换树脂催化剂稳定性高,经多次重复使用,催化活性未见明显下降,且易于再生.}     

相转移催化合成N,N-二乙基氨基乙基苄基醚

以二乙氨基乙醇、氯化苄为原料,四丁基溴化铵为相转移催化剂,氢氧化钠固体为碱,苯为溶剂,经 Ｗｉｌｌｉａｍ ｓｏｎ 醚化反应高产率合成 Ｎ, Ｎ二乙基氨基乙基苄基醚,收率可达８０％ 。考察了催化剂、温度、溶剂、反应时间、投料比对此醚化反应的影响,确定了最佳合成条件。产物经过沸点、红外光谱、１ Ｈ核磁共振谱给予确证     

碳基固体酸催化酯交换反应合成长碳链脂肪酸酯

在常压、氮气气氛条件下,以糠醛和羟乙基磺酸为原料,通过加热反应制备了一种磺酸化碳基固体酸催化剂并对其进行了表征。用该碳基固体酸催化月桂酸甲酯和正丁醇的酯交换反应,考察了催化酯交换反应的最优条件。实验结果表明:反应温度120℃、反应时间12h、催化剂用量0.02g/mmol为最佳反应条件,在此酯交换反应条件下月桂酸甲酯的转化率达到95.1%,并合成了一系列长碳链脂肪酸酯,收率良好。催化剂重复使用10次,其催化活性基本不降低。     

N,N-二乙基氨基乙基苄基醚的合成优化

以N,N-二乙基-2-氯乙胺、苯甲醇为原料,四丁基溴化铵为相转移催化剂(PTC),50%氢氧化钠溶液为碱,二氯甲烷为溶剂,经 Williamson醚化反应合成N,N-二乙基氨基乙基苄基醚,产率最高可达90.5%.利用正交实验法考察了投料比、催化剂用量、反应时间等对醚化反应的影响,确定了最佳合成条件为:n(PhCH2OH):n(Et2NCH2CH2C1):n(NaOH):n(PTC)=1:1.2:5:0.05.产物经沸点、红外光谱和1H-核磁共振谱给予确证.     

活性炭负载磷钨酸催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛

用活性炭负载磷钨酸催化合成丁醛乙二醇缩醛,研究了催化剂的用量,反应温度,反应时间,醛醇物质的量之比及带水剂等因素对反应的影响.实验表明:丁醛和乙二醇的物质的量比为1∶1.5,催化剂用量为反应物料总质量分数的1.0%,环己烷为带水剂,反应时间40 min的优化条件下,丁醛乙二醇缩醛的产率可达93.53%.并且催化剂可重复使用.     

相转移催化合成 N,N-二乙基氨基乙基正丁基醚

以二乙氨基乙醇、溴代正丁烷为原料,四丁基溴化铵为相转移催化剂,氢氧化钠为碱,苯为溶剂,经Williamson醚化反应合成N,N-二乙基氨基乙基正丁基醚,产率达79.8%.研究了催化剂、反应物配比、温度和反应时间对反应产率的影响,从而确定了最佳反应条件.产物经沸点、折光率、红外光谱、氢质子核磁共振谱给予确证.     

以杂多酸盐做催化剂合成双环戊二烯羟乙基醚中间体

分别以浓硫酸、氟硼酸和自制的固载杂多酸盐TiSiW12O40/ TiO2 做催化剂,以双环戊二烯(DCPD)和乙二醇为原料,催化合成了双环戊二烯羟乙基醚中间体,并用红外光谱对合成的中间体进行了表征.结果表明:与标准中间体双环戊二烯羟乙基醚有相同的基团;固载杂多酸催化剂对酯化合成有很好的催化效果且具有无污染、可重复使用等优点.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.