闪锌矿结构GaN,AlN和合金Ga1—xAlxN光学性质计算

闪锌矿结构ＧａＮ、ＡｌＮ和合金Ｇａ１－ｘＡｌｘＮ光学性质计算何国敏王仁智郑永梅（厦门大学物理学系厦门３６１００５）随着人们对发光二极管和半导体激光器等光电器件的深入研究,工作于蓝紫波段的半导体材料受到普遍的重视．宽带隙半导体ＧａＮ和ＡｌＮ正是目前蓝紫...     

用VBA设计化学计量学软件

用ＶＢＡ设计化学计量学软件章元朱尔一（厦门大学化学系材料和生命过程分析科学国家教委开放研究实验室厦门３６１００５）目前，由于国内、外的化学计量学软件（如ＵＮＳＣ、ＣＯＤＥＸ、ＳＩＲＩＵＳ、ＨＯＬＭＥＳ［１］等）操作界面差或价钱贵，所以在国内不能方便地...     

Nd：YAG激光治疗痔所致并发症的预防和处理

Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光治疗痔所致并发症的预防和处理吕俊忠（厦门大学医院厦门３６１００５）近年来大功率激光器对较大痔核的治疗，改变了过去传统中西医治疗方法存在的疗程长、痛苦大、并发症多等缺点，显示出明显的优越性．本院自１９９２年以来应用Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光对各类...     

粉末ACEL器件发光寿命的测试方法

粉末ＡＣＥＬ器件发光寿命的测试方法①胡启富（厦门大学物理学系厦门３６１００５）目前测量粉末ＡＣＥＬ器件的发光寿命主要有三种方法：１）常规测试法；２）类比法；３）拟合公式和双对数坐标法．究竟哪一种方法能较准确、快速测出这种器件的发光寿命？这是从事粉末Ａ...     

四环素化学发光分析法研究

四环素化学发光分析法研究①黎朝王尊本（厦门大学化学系材料和生命过程分析科学国家教委开放研究实验室厦门３６１００５）四环素（ＴＣ）是一种广谱性的抗生素药物，可用于许多种菌类感染的治疗．近年来还应用于多种囊肿、皮肤病和淋病等的治疗，也可以作为胃癌的诊断［...     

NC208型甲醇合成催化剂

ＮＣ２０８型甲醇合成催化剂＠杨意泉￥厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室ＮＣ２０８型甲醇合成催化剂杨意泉（厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室厦门３６１００５）ＮＣ２０８型甲醇合成催化剂是由厦门大学化学系和南化公司催化剂厂联合研制成功的．１...     

正态分布近似式的研究

正态分布近似式的研究＠郑金成＠蔡淑惠＠王仁智＠郑永梅＠程灿东￥厦门大学物理学系正态分布近似式的研究郑金成蔡淑惠王仁智郑永梅程灿东（厦门大学物理学系厦门３６１００５）正态分布是一种重要的概率分布,许多随机变量都精确或近似地服从这一分布规律,而且它是多种概率的...     

乙醇一步法合成乙酸乙酯的Cu／ZnO／NiO／Al2O3催化剂

乙醇一步法合成乙酸乙酯的Ｃｕ／ＺｎＯ／ＮｉＯ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂①郑荣辉曾金龙（厦门大学化工系物理化学研究所厦门３６１００５）低级脂肪酸酯通常在酸催化剂作用下由醇和羧酸酯化合成，近年来开发了在多功能混合氧化物催化剂上伯醇一步合成相应羧酸酯，其中有Ｏ２参...     

手性毛细管气相色谱跟踪苯乙酮不对称催化氢化反应过程

手性毛细管气相色谱跟踪苯乙酮不对称催化氢化反应过程许翩翩阮源萍高景星（厦门大学化学系固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室物理化学研究所厦门３６１００５）在开发研究芳香酮氢化反应的新型手性催化剂时,通常采用苯乙酮不对称催化氢化生成苯乙醇的反应效率来评价手性氢...     

一个群论公式及其应用

一个群论公式及其应用①肖文俊（厦门大学数学研究所厦门３６１００５）在以下的讨论中，均假定Ｇ为一有限群，Ｓ为Ｇ的一个生成集，１Ｓ，Ｓ＝Ｓ－１．现设Ｌ为群Ｇ的任一子群，｜Ｇ：Ｌ｜＝ｎ，那么有如下公式定理ＡＧ＝Ｌ（１∪Ｓ）Ｓｎ－２．这一公式的证明相当简短...     

赤楠叶二氯甲烷部位、乙酸乙酯部位抗氧化活性的比较研究

通过测定1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼(1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基清除率、还原力、金属离子对其抗氧化活性的影响及总酚质量分数等比较赤楠叶二氯甲烷部位、乙酸乙酯部位的抗氧化活性。结果表明:赤楠叶二氯甲烷部位、乙酸乙酯部位清除DPPH的EC50为0.63、0.10 mg/m L;还原力的EC50分别为0.87、0.09 mg/m L。除Al~(3+)、Fe~(3+)外,K~+、Na~+、Mn~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)、Ca~(2+)等金属离子对赤楠叶乙酸乙酯部位的DPPH清除作用为抑制作用;除Cu~(2+)、Ca~(2+)外,K~+、Na~+、Mn~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Al~(3+)、Zn~(2+)、Fe~(3+)等金属离子对赤楠叶二氯甲烷部位的DPPH清除能力有促进作用。赤楠叶二氯甲烷部位、乙酸乙酯部位的总酚质量分数分别为9.23%与59.17%。可见,赤楠叶乙酸乙酯部位具有较强的抗氧化活性与总酚含量,但其抗氧化活性较易受金属离子的拮抗作用。     

以金纳米粒子为探针研究二价金属离子与脂质双层膜的相互作用

采用一步法制备了二1-联十六烷醇磷酸氢酯(DHP)脂质双层膜保护的金纳米粒子,并以此为探针用紫外-可见吸收光谱法研究了二价金属离子Ca2+和Mg2+与金纳米粒子表面支撑的DHP双层膜之间的相互作用.结果表明,Ca2+和Mg2+能够促使DHP双层膜发生聚集、融合和倒塌,并且Ca2+的作用要强于Mg2+.     

还原性物质对低浓度PHPAM溶液性能的影响

针对聚合物驱油体系中聚合物黏度损失严重的问题,研究了对苯二酚、三乙胺、亚铁离子、硫离子以及硫酸盐还原菌等还原性物质对低浓度PHPAM溶液黏度的影响。结果表明,除低浓度的三乙胺可以使PHPAM溶液黏度上升之外,其余物质都能在短时间内使PHPAM稀溶液降解,溶液黏度迅速下降。对于对苯二酚、三乙胺、亚铁离子、硫离子以及硫酸盐还原菌等还原性物质对低浓度PHPAM溶液的降解机理给出解释,其研究结果将为油田聚合物采油技术提供了理论和技术支持。     

用第一性原理研究贵金属(Cu、Ag、Au)

基于密度泛函理论,采用第一性原理赝势法,首先计算了贵金属（Cu Ag Au）晶格常数及内聚能,在此基础上计算并分析了贵金属（Cu Ag Au）的态密度.计算结果表明,对于贵金属GGA给出的计算结果精度要高于LDA,计算所得结果与实验吻合.     

PMNBP缩氨基酸酯席夫碱配合物的合成、表征和抑菌活性

合成1-苯基-3-甲基-4-对硝基苯甲酰基-5-吡唑啉酮(PMNBP)缩L-苯丙氨酸甲酯、PMNBP缩L-缬氨酸甲酯、PMNBP缩L-亮氨酸甲酯、PMNBP缩L-色氨酸甲酯席夫碱等4种配体以及相应的过渡金属(Cu2+、Co2+、Ni2+、Zn2+、Mn2+)配合物,并对合成的化合物进行了核磁及红外光谱表征;利用琼脂扩散法测定了PMNBP席夫碱及其配合物的抑菌活性.结果表明:(1)4种配体均以酮式结构存在;(2)配体分别以亚胺N原子、吡唑啉酮的羰基O原子、酯羰基O原子与金属离子配位形成ML2型中性配合物;(3)配合物的抑菌能力强于配体,5种金属中,锌的配合物均具有较强的抑菌能力.     

Synthesis, properties, and optical applications of noble metal nanoparticle-biomolecule conjugates

Noble metal nanoparticles, such as gold or silver nanoparticles and nanorods, exhibit unique photonic, electronic and catalytic properties. Functionalization of noble metal nanoparticles with biomolecules (e.g., protein and DNA) produces systems that possess numerous applications in catalysis, delivery, therapy, imaging, sensing, constructing nanostructures and controlling the structure of biomolecules. In this paper, the recent development of noble metal nanoparticle-biomolecule conjugates is reviewed from the following three aspects: (1) synthesis of noble metal nanoparticle-biomolecule systems by electrostatic adsorption, direct chemisorption of thiol derivatives, covalent binding through bifunctional linkers and specific affinity interactions; (2) the photonic properties and bioactivation of noble metal nanoparticle-biomolecule conjugates; and (3) the optical applications of such systems in biosensors, and medical imaging, diagnosis, and therapy. The conjugation of Au and Ag nanoparticles with biomolecules and the most recent optical applications of the resulting systems have been focused on.     

Na2S对土壤中重金属离子的钝化性能

采用Na2S作为钝化剂,对人工模拟重金属污染土壤中的Cu2+,Zn2+和Cr3+三种重金属离子进行了钝化技术研究.试验结果表明,Na2S对三种重金属均具有很好的钝化效果,各重金属离子的钝化率均可达到95%以上;X射线衍射分析结果表明,Na2S与各重金属离子作用后,钝化产物分别为CuS,ZnS和Cr(OH)3;溶液化学分析表明,Na2S主要依靠S2-与重金属离子形成硫化物沉淀,或者S2-水解产生的OH-与重金属离子形成氢氧化物沉淀而将重金属除去.     

Fluorescence quenching effect of metal ions for α,α''-diamine containing conjugated polymers in solid films

The fluorescence quenching effect of the conjugated polymers P1 and P2 (the molecular recognitions are twisted 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) and planar 1,10-phenanthrolin (phen), respectively) films upon the addition of metal ions has been studied. And the results showed that P2 exhibited stronger fluorescence quenching ability upon the addition of both transition metal ions and main group metal ions compared with that of P1. The 20° twist angle between the two consecutive pyridine rings of bpy unit in the P1 main chain is the reason for the weaker fluorescence quenching ability compared with P2, in which the planar phen unit can chelate with metal ions relatively freely without the conformational transition. So P2 is a kind of material with better properties for solid film devices, such as sensors for metal ions recognition.     

Synthesis and characterization of Au@Pt nanoparticles

Aucore-Ptshell （Au@Pt） nanoparticles were synthesized at room temperature by reducing K2PtCl6 with hydrogen in the solution containing Au colloids and polyvinylpyrrolidone （PVP）. The particles obtained were characterized with UV-Vis, TEM and XPS techniques. UV-Vis spectra show that the surface plasmon absorption feature of Au colloids is significantly reduced with increasing the amount of reduced Pt. TEM images that the metals are found always appear as spherical nanoparticles and their sizes grow apparently due to the reduction of PtCl6^2- ions, indicating that Pt is deposited from solution onto Au particle surface and forms a Pt-layer with uniform thickness. In the XPS spectra, the signals of Au metal decrease due to the reductive deposition of Pt on the surface of the Au colloids. UV-Vis and XPS data are consistent in showing that when the amount of Pt in the AuPt colloids is increased to reach an overall atomic ratio of Pt/Au=2, the Pt deposits form a shell covering completely the surface of Au particles, demonstrating the core-shell structure of the synthesized AuPt particles.     

Effects of metal ions and heat shock on the expression of a metallothionein-like gene htMT2 in Helianthus tuberosus

The expression of htMT2 in tissues of Helianthus tuberosus treated with metal ions and heat shock is studied by Northern blot hybridization. The results indicate that htMT2 is not expressed in roots. The expression in leaves and stems can be reduced by Cu2+ and induced by low concentration of Zn2+. However, the expression of htMT2 can be suppressed by Zn2+ when its concentrations are above 500 μmol/L. The effects of Ca2+ on the expression of htMT2 in leaves are similar to that of Zn2+. But Ca2+ induces the expression of htMT2 in stems. The expression levels of htMT2 in various tissues are not significantly affected by heat shock. The results above demonstrate that the expression of htMT2 can be regulated by metal ions and confirm that htMT2 is a new metallothionein-like gene.