Microstructure,phase stability and mechanical properties of Nb–Ni–Ti–Co–Zr and Nb–Ni–Ti–Co–Zr–Hf high entropy alloys

Owning to their excellent thermal stability and high strength at elevated temperature,high entropy alloys(HEAs) possess great potential for the application in aviation and aerospace fields.In present work,two novel Nb-Ni-Ti-Co-Zr and Nb-Ni-Ti-Co-Zr-Hf HEAs were prepared by arc melting and copper mold suction-casting method.The microstructure,phase stability,mechanical properties at room temperature and elevated temperature of the two HEAs were studied.Both of the HEAs possess high yield stress at room temperature,especially for the Nb-Ni-Ti-Co-Zr(with 2331 Mpa).In addition,the Nb-Ni-Ti-Co-Zr HEA exhibited high yield stress of 564 Mpa at elevated temperature of 800 ℃ and large compressive plastic strain(more than 50%at 800 ℃).Nb-Ni-Ti-Co-Zr-Hf alloy showed new phase precipitation at 800 ℃,whereas the structure of Nb-Ni-Ti-Co-Zr was more stable,which is one of the reason why it possesses high strength at room temperature and elevated temperature.The high temperature properties of the Nb-Ni-Ti-Co-Zr HEA make it promising for high temperature application.     

A Ti–Zr–Cu–Ni–Co–Fe–Al–Sn amorphous filler metal for improving the strength of Ti–6Al–4V alloy brazing joint

Ti_(50)Zr_(27)Cu_8Ni_4Co_3Fe_2Al_3Sn_3(at%) amorphous filler metal with low Cu and Ni contents in a melt-spun ribbon form was developed for improving mechanical properties of Ti–6Al–4V alloy brazing joint through decreasing brittle intermetallics in the braze zone. Investigation on the crystallization behavior of the multicomponent Ti–Zr–Cu–Ni–Co–Fe–Al–Sn amorphous alloy indicates the high stability of the supercooled liquid against crystallization that favors the formation of amorphous structure. The Ti–6Al–4V joint brazed with this Ti-based amorphous filler metal with low total content of Cu and Ni at 1203K for 900s mainly consists of α-Ti, β-Ti,minor Ti–Zr-rich phase and only a small amount of Ti_3Cu intermetallics, leading to the high shear strength of the joint of about 460 MPa. Multicomponent composition design of amorphous alloys is an effective way of tailoring filler metals for improving the joint strength.     

Microstructural evolution in Al–Zn–Mg–Cu–Sc–Zr alloys during short-time homogenization

Microstructural evolution in a new kind of aluminum(Al) alloy with the chemical composition of Al–8.82Zn–2.08Mg– 0.80Cu–0.31Sc–0.3Zr was investigated. It is found that the secondary phase Mg Zn2 is completely dissolved into the matrix during a short homogenization treatment(470°C, 1 h), while the primary phase Al3(Sc,Zr) remains stable. This is due to Sc and Zr additions into the Al alloy, high Zn/Mg mass ratio, and low Cu content. The experimental findings fit well with the results calculated by the homogenization diffusion kinetics equation. The alloy shows an excellent mechanical performance after the short homogenization process followed by hot-extrusion and T6 treatment. Consequently, a good combination of low energy consumption and favorable mechanical properties is obtained.     

新型Caspase-3抑制剂1,2–苯并异噻唑–3–酮–1,4–二取代–1,2,3–三唑类衍生物的合成

为探究对Caspase-3有更高抑制活性的非肽类小分子抑制剂,用"点击反应"合成了一系列1,2–苯并异噻唑–3–酮–1,4–二取代–1,2,3–三唑类衍生物.通过体外Caspase-3和Caspase-7抑制活性测试发现,化合物7c对Caspase-3有最好的抑制活性,IC50达到11.0±1.2,nmol/L.为了更好的理解这些化合物与Caspase-3蛋白的相互作用模式,进行了分子对接实验.结果表明,化合物7c与蛋白作用位点具有很好的结合模式,验证了该化合物具有很好的体外Caspase-3抑制活性.     

High plastic Zr–Cu–Fe–Al–Nb bulk metallic glasses for biomedical applications

Four Zr–Cu–Fe–Al-based bulk metallic glasses(BMGs) with Zr contents greater than 65at% and minor additions of Nb were designed and prepared. The glass forming abilities, thermal stabilities, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance properties of the prepared BMGs were investigated. These BMGs exhibit moderate glass forming abilities along with superior fracture and yield strengths compared to previously reported Zr–Cu–Fe–Al BMGs. Specifically, the addition of Nb into this quaternary system remarkably increases the plastic strain to 27.5%, which is related to the high Poisson's ratio and low Young's and shear moduli. The Nb-bearing BMGs also exhibit a lower corrosion current density by about one order of magnitude and a wider passive region than 316 L steel in phosphate buffer solution(PBS, pH 7.4). The combination of the optimized composition with high deformation ability, low Young's modulus, and excellent corrosion resistance properties indicates that this kind of BMG is promising for biomedical applications.     

二苯并–21–冠–7的合成与表征

采用经由中间体的两步法合成二苯并–21–冠–7,研究在氮气氛围下,反应时间、物料物质的量比和反应温度对合成双[2–(2–羟基苯氧基)乙基]醚中间体产率的影响;进一步研究在氮气氛围下,中间体与二氯三甘醇合成二苯并–21–冠–7的反应时间和反应温度对产率的影响.实验结果表明:回流时间为50,h、物料邻苯二酚和二氯乙基醚的物质的量比为2.5∶1、合成温度75,℃时,中间体的产率可达39.82%;在110,℃下中间体与二氯三甘醇回流反应25,h,二苯并–21–冠–7的产率为57.00%.采用显微熔点法确定合成产品的熔点范围,采用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、质谱(MS)对合成的产品进行结构表征,结果表明本实验设计的合成方案切实可行.     

单–[6–氧–6–(4–氯苯)]–β–环糊精形成螺旋柱状超分子的自组装行为

以N,N–二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,利用对氯苯酚和单–[6–氧–6–(4–对甲苯磺酰基)]–β–环糊精的反应得到6–位单修饰环糊精——单–[6–氧–6–(4–氯苯)]–β–环糊精,通过X射线衍射分析及核磁共振波谱方法研究其在水溶液和固态中的分子自组装行为.结果表明:在固态结构中,单–[6–氧–6–(4–氯苯)]–β–环糊精通过氯苯基团从环糊精的第二面羟基连续插入到相邻环糊精的空腔中,形成一种具有二重螺旋轴的柱状超分子,而在水溶液中,单–[6–氧–6–(4–氯苯)]–β–环糊精也显示了相同的自组装行为.     

Thermal stability and magnetic properties of Fe–Co–M–Zr–Nb–Ge–B(M=Mo,Cr) bulk metallic glasses

Fe62Co8 xMxZr6Nb4Ge1B19(M=Mo, Cr) bulk metallic glasses were synthesized in the diameter range up to 2 mm by copper mold casting,which exhibit high thermal stability and large glass-forming ability. The super-cooled liquid region diminishes by the dissolution of Mo. The addition of 2 at% Cr leads to the broading of the liquid region remarkably, resulting in the improvement of thermal stability. The crystallization takes place through a single exothermic reaction, accompanying the precipitation of more than three kinds of crystallized phases such as α-Fe,Fe2Zr and ZrB2. The Fe-based alloys show soft ferromagnetic properties. The saturation magnetization(ss) decreases with increasing Mo or Cr content while the saturated magnetostriction increases with raising Mo or Cr content. There is no evident change in the ssand coercive force(Hc)with annealing temperature below the crystallization temperature, which suggests a more relaxed atomic configuration the glasses have. The crystallization causes a substantial enhancement in both ssand Hc. Each soft magnetic property of the glasses containing Cr with higher thermal stability is superior to that of the alloys containing Mo.     

聚氨酯–N,N–二甲基甲酰胺–非溶剂三元相行为研究

采用浊点滴定法测定了分别用水、甲醇、乙醇和异丙醇进行滴定时聚氨酯(PU)的N,N–二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶液的浊点数据,并用线性浊点方程对浊点数据进行参数回归,线性度较佳.根据该线性关系推导了聚氨酯在不同浓度时的浊点组成,获得不同温度下的PU–DMF–H2O三元相图和25,℃下4种非溶剂的PU–DMF–Nonsolvent三元相图.结果表明:三元相图中双节线的位置比较靠近PU–DMF轴,随着温度降低,双节线越趋近PU–DMF轴;不同非溶剂的三元相图的双节线位置与PU–DMF轴的距离按水、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇的顺序依次增大.通过探讨PU–DMF–Nonsolvent体系的相变行为,为深入研究PU–DMF–Nonsolvent三元体系PU膜凝固成型时的相分离机理提供了一种方法,为制备高性能PU膜提供了理论指导.     

4,4''–二氨基–3,3'',5,5''–四异丙基–邻三联苯的合成

4,4'–二氨基–3,3',5,5'–四异丙基–邻三联苯是重要的化工中间体,从2,6–二异丙基苯胺出发,通过四步法合成目标产物。探索目标产物的合成最优化条件,并利用1HNMR对各步合成的产物结构进行分析。结果表明,4–溴–2,6–二异丙基苯胺与二苯甲酮物质的量的比为1︰0.8时,通氮气除去生成的乙醇,N–(4–溴–2,6–二异丙基)苯基二苯甲酮亚胺的产率达76%;合成3,3–二异丙基–4–二苯甲酮亚胺苯硼酸的N–(4–溴–2,6–二异丙基)苯基二苯甲酮亚胺、三异丙基硼酸酯与丁基锂物质的量的投料比是1︰1.1︰1.1时为最佳。产物核磁图表明,4,4'–二氨基–3,3',5,5'–四异丙基–邻三联苯已成功合成。     

Fe–0.3C–9Mn–2Al中锰钢的热塑性行为

The hot ductility of a Fe–0.3C–9Mn–2Al medium Mn steel was investigated using a Gleeble3800 thermo-mechanical simulator. Hot tensile tests were conducted at different temperatures (600–1300°C) under a constant strain rate of 4 × 10?3 s?1. The fracture behavior and mechanism of hot ductility evolution were discussed. Results showed that the hot ductility decreased as the temperature was decreased from 1000°C. The reduction of area (RA) decreased rapidly in the specimens tested below 700°C, whereas that in the specimen tested at 650°C was lower than 65%. Mixed brittle–ductile fracture feature is reflected by the coexistence of cleavage step, intergranular facet, and dimple at the surface. The fracture belonged to ductile failure in the specimens tested between 720–1000°C. Large and deep dimples could delay crack propagation. The change in average width of the dimples was in positive proportion with the change in RA. The wide austenite–ferrite intercritical temperature range was crucial for the hot ductility of medium Mn steel. The formation of ferrite film on austenite grain boundaries led to strain concentration. Yield point elongation occurred at the austenite–ferrite intercritical temperature range during the hot tensile test.     

Fe–27.34Mn–8.63Al–1.03C轻质钢热变形行为研究

近年来,Fe–Mn–Al–C轻质钢以其优异力学性能和较低密度等优点而备受关注。然而,对于热轧态Fe–Mn–Al–C轻质钢的热变形行为特征还缺乏深入研究,特别是该钢种的动态再结晶行为对其热变形过程中的流动稳定性影响尚不明确。本文探究了Fe–27.34Mn–8.63Al–1.03C轻质钢的热变形行为,运用Gleeble-3800热模拟机,在900–1150°C温度范围及0.01–5 s?1应变速率范围内进行了热压缩测试。结果表明,热变形过程中试验钢的流变应力随变形温度的降低和应变速率的增加而增加;本研究构建了试验钢本构方程,得出其热变形激活能为422.88 kJ·mol?1;阐明了临界应力σ_c与峰值应力σ_p之间的关系,建立了动态再结晶动力学模型;根据动态再结晶动力学模型,理清了应变速率和变形温度对动态再结晶体积分数的影响,并结合微观组织分析了试验钢不同变形温度和应变速率下的动态再结晶行为;绘制了各变形量下的热加工图,明确了试验钢热变形时失稳区域;基于微观组织和热加工图结果,论述了热变形过程中试验钢发生流动失稳与动态再结晶程度相关性,最终总结出试验钢优化热加工工艺为0.01 s?1低应变速率下于1010–1100°C温度范围内加工。     

三种5,7–二苯基–1,8–萘啶衍生物的理论光谱计算

运用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6–31G(d)基组下优化了3种5,7–二苯基–1,8–萘啶衍生物分子结构.优化结构后,采用含时密度泛函理论计算了它们在气相和液相中的电子吸收光谱.通过对前线分子轨道和能量的分析,表明3种化合物的最高占据轨道与最低空轨道的能量差均稍大于4.00eV.通过液相和气相的最大吸收值与实验值的比较,发现在液相和气相中的计算值与实验值都接近.它们的最大吸收峰相近,都在330～340nm左右,且最大吸收值归属于最高占据轨道向最低空轨道的电子跃迁.     

Hot compressive deformation behaviors of Mg–10Gd–3Y–0.5Zr alloy

In this paper, the hot compressive deformation characteristics of a Mg–10Gd–3Y–0.5Zr(GW103K) alloy have been investigated by isothermal compression test at the temperature range of 350–450°C and strain rate range of 0.0001–0.1s~(-1). True stress–strain relationships at various strain rates showed the typical strain hardening and softening stage which is indicative of dynamic recrystallization during deformation. The results showed that the peak stress was obviously dependent on temperature and strain rate. A constitutive equation to describe the deformation process was established based on the hyperbolic sine function. The stress exponent n and apparent activation energy Q were determined to be 3.018 and 203.947 k J/mol, respectively. Microstructure investigation showed that dislocation slipping was the dominant deformation mechanism during the hot deformation at all conditions. However, at the temperatures lower than 400 °C and strain rates higher than 0.01 s~(-1), twinning was observed to be activated, which indicated another deformation mechanism. Dynamic recrystallization and dynamic precipitation were found to occur simultaneously under such deformation condition.     

Microstructural analysis and hot corrosion behavior of HVOF-sprayed Ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y and Ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y–SiC(N) coatings on ASTM-SA213-T22 steel

The present paper deals with the investigation of microstructure and high-temperature hot corrosion behavior of high-velocity oxy fuel(HVOF)-produced coatings. Two powder coating compositions, namely, Ni22Cr10Al1Y alloy powder and Ni22Cr10Al1Y(80 wt%; microsized)–silicon carbide(SiC)(20 wt%; nano(N)) powder, were deposited on a T-22 boiler tube steel. The hot corrosion behavior of bare and coated steels was tested at 900°C for 50 cycles in Na_2SO_4–60 wt%V_2O_5 molten-salt environment. The kinetics of corrosion was established with weight change measurements after each cycle. The microporosity and microhardness of the as-coated samples have been reported. The X-ray diffraction,field emission-scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray mapping characterization techniques have been utilized for structural analysis of the as-coated and hot-corroded samples. The results showed that both coatings were deposited with a porosity less than2%. Both coated samples revealed the development of harder surfaces than the substrate. During hot corrosion testing, the bare T22 steel showed an accelerated corrosion in comparison with its coated counterparts. The HVOF-sprayed coatings were befitted effectively by maintaining their adherence during testing. The Ni22Cr10Al1Y–20 wt%SiC(N) composite coating was more effective than the Ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y coating against corrosion in the high-temperature fluxing process.     

Microstructure and properties of Cu–Ti–Ni alloys

The effects of Ni addition and aging treatments on the microstructure and properties of a Cu–3Ti alloy were investigated. The microstructure and precipitation phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy; the hardness, electrical conductivity, and elastic modulus of the resulting alloys were also tested. The results show that Ni addition increases the electrical conductivity and elastic modulus, but decreases the hardness of the aged Cu–3Ti alloy. Within the range of the experimentally investigated parameters, the optimal two-stage aging treatment for the Cu–3Ti–1Ni and Cu–3Ti–5Ni alloy was 300°C for 2 h and 450°C for 7 h. The hardness, electrical conductivity, and elastic modulus of the Cu–3Ti–1Ni alloy were HV 205, 18.2% IACS, and 146 GPa, respectively, whereas the hardness, electrical conductivity, and elastic modulus of the Cu–3Ti–5Ni alloy were HV 187, 31.32% IACS, and 147 GPa, respectively. Microstructural analyses revealed that β′-Ni3 Ti and β′-Cu4 Ti precipitate from the Cu matrix during aging of the Cu–3Ti–5Ni alloy and that some residual Ni Ti phase remains. The increased electrical conductivity is ascribed to the formation of Ni Ti, β′-Ni3 Ti, and β′-Cu4 Ti phases.     

Laser-induced self-organization in Se–Te–Sn–Cd glassy semiconductor for developing novel light-sensing dielectrics

The laser-induced effects on dielectric properties of chalcogenide glass(Ch Gs) have been present in a glassy system of Se–Te–Sn–Cd for possible applications in optics and optoelectronics such as light-controlled capacitance-based touch displays. The temperature/frequency dependence of dielectric relaxation before and after laser exposure was investigated by using laser sources of different wavelengths(405 nm, 532 nm, 690 nm, and 785 nm). The result showed the presence of laser-induced residual effects on dielectric properties(dielectric constant/loss and a.c. conductivity) after the exposure of continuous-wave laser sources of chosen wavelengths.Further analysis indicates that the modification in the meta-stable state due to self-organization is the feasible mechanism of observed persistent light-sensing effects.     

HOVF喷涂Ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y 和Ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y–SiC (N)涂层对ASTM-SA213-T22钢组织和热腐蚀行为的影响

The present paper deals with the investigation of microstructure and high-temperature hot corrosion behavior of high-velocity oxy fuel (HVOF)-produced coatings. Two powder coating compositions, namely, Ni22Cr10Al1Y alloy powder and Ni22Cr10Al1Y (80wt%; micro-sized)–silicon carbide (SiC) (20wt%; nano (N)) powder, were deposited on a T-22 boiler tube steel. The hot corrosion behavior of bare and coated steels was tested at 900°C for 50 cycles in Na₂SO₄–60wt%V₂O₅ molten-salt environment. The kinetics of corrosion was established with weight change measurements after each cycle. The microporosity and microhardness of the as-coated samples have been reported. The X-ray diffraction, field emission-scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray mapping characterization techniques have been utilized for structural analysis of the as-coated and hot-corroded samples. The results showed that both coatings were deposited with a porosity less than 2%. Both coated samples revealed the development of harder surfaces than the substrate. During hot corrosion testing, the bare T22 steel showed an accelerated corrosion in comparison with its coated counterparts. The HVOF-sprayed coatings were befitted effectively by maintaining their adherence during testing. The Ni22Cr10Al1Y–20wt%SiC (N) composite coating was more effective than the Ni–22Cr–10Al–1Y coating against corrosion in the high-temperature fluxing process.     

Reversible hydrogenation of AB2-type Zr–Mg–Ni–V based hydrogen storage alloys

The development of hydrogen energy is hindered by the lack of high-efficiency hydrogen storage materials. To explore new high-capacity hydrogen storage alloys, reversible hydrogen storage in AB₂-type alloy is realized by using A or B-side elemental substitution. The substitution of small atomic-radius element Zr and Mg on A-side of YNi₂ and partial substitution of large atomic-radius element V on B-side of YNi₂ alloy was investigated in this study. The obtained ZrMgNi₄, ZrMgNi₃V, and ZrMgNi₂V₂ alloys remained single Laves phase structure at as-annealed, hydrogenated and dehydrogenated states, indicating that the hydrogen-induced amorphization and disproportionation was eliminated. From ZrMgNi₄ to ZrMgNi₂V₂ with the increase of the degree of vanadium substitution, the reversible hydrogen storage capacity increased from 0.6 ?wt% (0.35H/M) to 1.8 ?wt% (1.0H/M), meanwhile the lattice stability gradually increased. The ZrMgNi₂V₂ alloy could absorb 1.8 ?wt% hydrogen in about 2 ?h ?at 300 ?K under 4 ?MPa H₂ pressure and reversibly desorb the absorbed hydrogen in approximately 30 ?min ?at 473 ?K without complicated activation process. The prominent properties of ZrMgNi₂V₂ elucidate its high potential for hydrogen storage application.