不同运动强度对青春期肥胖大鼠脂联素的影响

目的:探讨不同运动强度对青春期肥胖大鼠内脏脂肪组织脂联素mRNA表达、蛋白表达及血浆浓度的影响.方法:选取青春期SD大鼠普食8只为单纯空白对照组(C),高脂诱导青春期肥胖32只随机分为4组,每组8只,分为静止对照组(OC)、低运动强度组(OL)、中运动强度组(OM)和高运动强度组(OH).运动速度为15-18m/min、21-25m/min和28-32m/min,坡度均为0,1h/天,5次/周,在大鼠专用运动跑台持续8周的运动干预.8周后用qRT-PCR测内脏脂肪组织脂联素mRNA表达,免疫组化测内脏脂肪组织脂联素蛋白表达,ELISA测血浆脂联素浓度.结果:8周后OL、OM、OH组体重、内脏脂肪重量及体脂率均显著低于OC组(P<0.01),OM、OH组内脏脂肪重量及体脂率显著低于OL组(P<0.01);OM、OH组内脏脂肪脂联素mRNA高于OC、OL组(P<0.05,P<0.01);OH组脂联素蛋白质的表达均比OC组增加;OL、OM、OH组血浆脂联素浓度较OC组显著提高(P<0.01),OM、OH组显著高于OL组(P<0.05,P<0.01).结论:通过8周不同运动强度干预均显著降低了青春期肥胖大鼠体重、内脏脂肪量和体脂率,上调了内脏脂肪组织脂联素mRNA的基因表达及蛋白表达,升高血浆脂联素浓度,均为中、高运动强度效果较明显.     

运动处方对老年大鼠和老年肥胖大鼠Resistin和Visfatin mRNA表达及血浆浓度的影响

目的:探讨运动处方对老年大鼠和老年肥胖大鼠内脏脂肪组织Resistin及Visfatin mRNA表达及血浆Resistin和Visfatin浓度的影响。方法:建立老年及老年肥胖模型,选取老年大鼠分对照组(W,5只)和运动组(WE,6只),选取老年肥胖大鼠分对照组(F,6只)和运动组(FE,6只)。运动处方为跑台坡度为0°,速度为15m/min,15min/组,4组/次,组间休息5min,每天1次,每周5次,运动8周。干预后用qRT-PCR测内脏脂肪组织Resistin和Visfatin的mRNA表达,用ELISA测血浆Resistin和Visfatin的浓度。结果:8周运动后,体重WE与W差异无统计学意义(P0.05)、FE低于F(P0.01),内脏脂肪量和内脏脂肪率表现为WE低于W、FE低于F(P0.05,P0.01);内脏脂肪组织Resistin的mRNA表达WE高于W(P0.05),F与W和FE差异无统计学意义(P0.05),血浆Resistin浓度各组间均无统计学意义(P0.05);内脏脂肪组织Visfatin的mRNA表达与血浆Visfatin浓度WE高于W、FE高于F,但均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:该运动处方减肥效果明显;运动处方仅对老年大鼠内脏脂肪组织Resistin mRNA有影响,对老年肥胖大鼠的内脏脂肪组织Resistin和Visfatin mRNA及血浆Resistin和Visfatin浓度的影响甚微。     

跑台运动通过增加MicroRNA-126改善高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠血运重建

目的探讨跑台运动对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠Mi RNA-126表达和骨骼肌血运重建的影响。方法 40只雄性SD大鼠笼中饲养,适应1周后,大鼠随机分为正常饮食组和高脂饮食组,高脂饮食组大鼠给予15周高脂饮食建立肥胖模型。肥胖诱导成功后,大鼠随机分为正常对照组(WT);WT+运动组(WTE);肥胖对照组(OC)和肥胖+运动组(OE)。运动组大鼠进行跑台运动,每天40 min,每周5次,共8周。结果与WT组相比,OC组大鼠比目鱼肌毛细血管稀疏。WTE组毛细血管/肌纤维比率增加约40%,OE组比率与WT组无统计学差异。与其他三组相比,OC组骨骼肌VEGF,PI3K和e NOS水平降低。OE组这些蛋白水平与WT组相似。OC组Mi RNA-126水平降低,PI3KR2水平升高。运动组(WTE和OE)Mi RNA-126表达水平升高,PI3KR2表达水平降低。结论研究结果表明,肥胖导致大鼠骨骼肌毛细血管稀疏,这可能受Mi RNA-126水平下降和PI3KR2增加的调节。运动恢复Mi RNA-126水平和VEGF信号通路。     

有氧运动及节食干预对高脂诱导肥胖大鼠鸢尾素水平的影响

对大鼠开展为时8周的干预,探讨有氧运动及节食干预两种不同肥胖干预形式对高脂膳食肥胖大鼠Irisin水平的影响.将雄性SD大鼠随机分为普通对照组(NC组)与高脂饲喂肥胖建模组,建模成功大鼠随机分高脂对照组(HF组)、高脂运动组(HE组)、节食组(DR组).HE组6次/周、60 min/次无负重游泳运动;DR组根据节食计划进行饮食控制.8周后称取大鼠肾周脂、睾周脂及BAT重量,测定睾周脂与腓肠肌中Irisin蛋白表达量.结果发现:高脂膳食导致大鼠肥胖且血脂异常,BAT含量、Irisin水平显著下降(P0.05);有氧运动及节食干预均能显著改善体脂和血脂(P0.05);HE组BAT、Irisin极显著或显著增加(P0.05),而DR组恰恰相反(P0.05);相较DR组HE组腓肠肌和睾周脂中Irisin表达量均显著性增加(P0.01).从而得出结论 :有氧运动和节食干预可有效实现肥胖控制,节食干预可有效通过能量摄入控制降低体脂;有氧运动可通过提高Irisin表达水平,增加BAT含量,达到很好的减脂效果,长期坚持可能效果更显著.     

肥胖大鼠胰岛素敏感性与肿瘤坏死因子的关系

对随机分组的两组大鼠分别饲以普通饲料和高脂饲料。10周后发现高脂饲养组大鼠体重、内脏脂肪组织重量及空腹血TNF-α水平均高于普通饲料组，且出现胰岛素抵抗。结果表明，高脂饮食可诱导大鼠肥胖伴胰岛素抵抗，其胰岛素抵抗的形成可能与TNF-α水平的升高有关。     

补充有机铬以及运动对大鼠血脂水平的影响

目的：探讨吡啶甲酸铬以及有氧运动对于肥胖大鼠体重及血脂指标水平的影响;方法：大鼠给予8周的高脂饮食,随机分为4组,为安静普通饲料组（AP）、安静高脂组（AG）、高脂运动组（GS）和高脂＋铬＋运动组（GGS）.观察大鼠体重、附睾脂肪以及肾周脂肪、LDL、HDL、TG、TC水平的变化.结果：高脂＋铬＋运动组（GGS）大鼠的体重、附睾脂肪以及肾周脂肪、LDL、HDL、TG、CHOL水平的变化与对照组有显著差别.结论：吡啶甲酸铬与有氧运动可以改善大鼠肥胖以及血脂水平.     

浅析体育运动对减肥效果的影响

随着生活水平的不断提高,肥胖的人越来越多,健康减肥也越来越受到人们的关注。健康的减肥就是结合科学的运动来进行减肥,人体在进行底强度、长时间运动时,脂肪是主要的能源物质,运动时间相同的情况下,运动强度越大,脂肪的总消耗量也越大。所以,科学的运动能消耗掉体内多余的脂肪。     

高脂所致肥胖对大鼠骨髓脂肪细胞大小与数量的影响

为研究肥胖对大鼠骨髓脂肪细胞的影响。采用5-6周龄雄性wistar大鼠分为高脂饮食组(100只)和正常饲料组(100只),采用高脂饲料(40%脂肪比)诱导大鼠肥胖模型,连续喂养14周。动态检测(第0、4、6、8、10周)大鼠血清中血糖、游离脂肪酸、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白水平。经HE染色后,检测股骨骨髓腔中脂肪细胞数目及形态变化,同时测量其直径变化。结果显示,高脂饮食喂养4周后,两组大鼠体重差异开始有统计学意义(P0.05),肥胖组显著高于正常饮食组。第十周后,两组大鼠体重均进入平台期,体重不再增加。肥胖组大鼠血清中血糖、游离脂肪酸、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白水平始终高于正常组大鼠,高密度脂蛋白水平低于正常组大鼠,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);肥胖大鼠高脂饮食前6周骨髓腔内仅发现少量脂肪细胞,6周后骨髓腔内脂肪细胞开始增加,但始终少于正常大鼠,各检测点差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。脂肪细胞直径测量结果显示,肥胖组大鼠脂肪细胞直径出现了双峰趋势,从第0周到第2周逐渐增大,且直径均大于正常组大鼠,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。第4周到6周降低,且低于正常组大鼠,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。从第6周到第8周再次逐渐增加,此时显著高于正常组大鼠,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),而第8周后,再次下降,直径显著低于正常组大鼠,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。由此可知,肥胖对大鼠骨髓脂肪细胞数目及直径的影响是一个动态过程,在肥胖的不同阶段表现出差异性,而这种影响的差异可能与高脂饮食导致的脂代谢紊乱有关。     

减肥运动处方对青春后期超重肥胖学生健康体适能的影响

目的:探讨减肥运动处方对青春后期超重肥胖学生健康体适能的影响.方法:研究对象均为单纯性超重、肥胖人群,并且无运动禁忌症,没有服用与减肥相关的任何药物,"PAR-Q"问卷调查均为"否",运动风险评估很小,实验知情同意书签字的26名在校大学生,男子为11人,女子为15人.减肥运动处方制订程序:对研究对象身体形态与机能检查、运动能力测试后确定运动强度为F.C.的60%-70%、主观感觉RPE在13-15级之间、根据不同的人确定减肥目标、运动项目、运动时间、运动频率、能量代谢和注意事项.运动处方的实施:8周的监督指导以及8周前后的相关指标测定.结果:通过8周减肥运动男、女生体重、BMI、体脂%、腰臀比、肥胖指数、静息心率、跑台总时间、纵地摸高、仰卧起坐、立定跳远、男、女生双手握力和柔韧性存在非常显著性差异(P0.01);男、女生最大心率、F.C.、肌肉重量以及男生柔韧性有显著性差异(P0.05).结论:在没有限制饮食情况下,本减肥运动处方能有效减体重、减脂肪、改善BMI、降低体脂百分比、增加肌肉重量;提高心肺耐力、增强肌肉爆发力与肌肉耐力、增加身体柔韧性、改善体成分,从而提高超重和肥胖学生健康体适能.     

有机铬、L-肉碱及有氧运动对高脂饮食大鼠脂肪代谢的影响

目的：观察三价铬、左旋肉碱以及有氧运动对高脂饮食大鼠脂质代谢的影响。方法：60只大鼠分为6组：1组为正常对照组;2组高脂肥胖组;3组高脂运动组;4组高脂铬运动组;5组高脂铬肉碱组;6组高脂铬肉碱运动组,每组10只。大鼠高脂饮食,经灌胃给予有机铬（吡啶甲酸铬,按照4mg/kg体重/天）悬浊液和左旋肉碱水溶液（按照100mg/kg体重/天）治疗八周后,用试剂盒测定甘油三酯、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白水平,各组均自由进食。大鼠运动采用跑台训练（相当于65%-75%VO2max）每周5次,共八周。结果：实验8周后,高脂铬肉碱运动组大鼠体重、脂肪量、脂肪率、甘油三酯、胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白水平与肥胖对照组有显著性差异（p〈0.01）。结论：有机铬、左旋肉碱以及有氧运动三者结合能明显影响高脂饮食大鼠的血脂水平,改善大鼠的脂肪代谢,效果优于运动组,以及单纯补铬肉碱组。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with