商品化权本质论

把一些具有知名度和吸引力的形象进行二次开发应用于商业使用的权利，称为商品化权。商品化权有巨大的商业价值。这种权利将来源于智力劳动的，经传播具有一定声誉、能产生和满足一定消费需求的特定权利要素的各类形象，转借其影响力，结合于商品或服务的商业化利用。商品化权是一种新型的知识产权。     

论公众人物形象、声音商品化权保护——以赵本山诉天涯网站案为视角

赵本山和小沈阳的经典扮相的卡通形象配上”您有才”、”咱不差钱”的台词被用来天涯和谷歌为宣传其共同开发的互动问答产品”天涯问答”的flash广告．一审该网站被判侵犯赵本山的肖像权而赔偿12万。此案引发了关于商品化权的探讨：公众人物形象、声音的商品化权已经不再适合在人格权范围内进行保护．应当进行商品化权立法进行保护．才符合社会科学发展的历史趋势。     

著作权与标识性工业产权的权利冲突

随着社会商品经济的发展,著作权除了传统意义上的权利外,又衍生出一类新型的权利--商品化权(Commercialization Right).该权利主要指虚构角色(如文学作品、影视作品、漫画卡通等作品)的商品化权和自然人(如演员、歌星和运动员、球星等知名公众人物)的人格商品化权.     

浅论商品化权——一种商品化权产生的基础上的思考

知识产权包含了专利权、商标权、著作权、集成电路布图设计权、植物新品种权等众多权力类型,而在某些情况下知识产权重叠现象层出不群.知识产权权利的重叠是指数个知识产权在同一智力成果或商业标识上的交叉与重合.而在此类权利的重叠中包含有一种特殊的权利重叠,即戏剧等著作品中的角色所依附之著作财产权或真人姓名肖像的形象之其他人格方面的权利与知识产权的冲突,达便是今日所言之商品化权的产生根源.     

给形象权定性

形象权是由传统人格权发展而来,是一种形象商品化的产物。早在上世纪50年代美国就已经开始研究形象权问题,但在我国却刚刚起步,对于形象权的问题也是众说纷纭。在形象权问题上我国应该吸收各国的有益的经验,对其进行准确定位。     

浅析商品化权的反不正当竞争法保护

随着我国市场经济发展,出现了一种新型权利--商品化权。我国理论界对此的适用范围和保护尚存争议。本文通过对现有法律制度保护方法的局限性的论述,提出商品化权应通过反不正当竞争法保护。     

人格权及其民法保护

现代社会人格被视为人的最高价值，人格利益为人的最高利益人格之尊重为现代人权运动的目标和理念。在法律上人格具有权利主体、民事权利能力及人格利益三重含义。人格权是权利人依法所固有的，以其人格利益为标的的，为维护权利人独立人格所必备的权利。在我国人格权包括公民或法人的生命权、身体权、健康权、姓名权、名称权、肖像权。自由权、名誉权、隐私权、贞操权与精神纯正权等。侵犯人格权承担民事责任需损害事实、违法行为、因果关系与主观过错四个要件。对人格权的保护，是我国各个法律部门的共同任务，但主要是通过民法予以实现的。     

肖像权理论的现实困境与对策

近年来，随着审判实践中关于肖像权侵权疑难案例的增多，理论和实务界对死者肖像保护、肖像权的保护范围、肖像权中的物质利益等问题进行了很多讨论，传统肖像权理论正在面对前所未有的困境，有学者提出了一些建设性的思路。但大都是在违背民法或法理的基本原理基础上提出来的。针对肖像权理论面临的困境，可引入形象权的概念加以解决。     

从知识产权制度的价值原则浅析商品化权

商品化权作为无形财产领域中出现的一项新式权利,其领域在不断扩展,由此引起的权利之争也是呈急剧上升的势头。尽管相应的法律保护在增强,但该项圈利仍属一种应然而非实然的法益。因而,本文试从知识产权制度的价值原则角度,对商品化权的可行性进行一些浅层探讨。     

大众传媒对女性形象的负面表现、原因及对策

本文认为大众传媒对女性形象的塑造仍然是将其固定在传统角色中,并突出了女性的可视性与观赏性,将女性对象化和商品化,这样的女性形象将严重影响女性对自身角色身份的认识,不利于女性的全面发展,阻隔了男女平等关系的形成。造成这一现象的原因主要是传媒在运作机制上日益商业化以及传媒工作者性别意识不强,社会缺少对大众传媒的监督等,因而有必要采取一些有力的措施和对策,引导大众传媒在宣传男女平等观念、促进妇女发展等方面发挥积极的作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with