考虑拥挤费用条件下的轨道交通客流分配模型

以往的轨道交通网络客流分析常以乘车时间、换乘时间为主要影响因素,但在实际调查中除上述影响因素外,乘车拥挤延误时间和换乘排队时间也是乘客在路径选择时的重要考虑因素.以改进后的广义费用模型为基础提出城市轨道交通随机均衡配流(SUE)模型,并给出相应的MSA算法步骤进行求解.     

The Rail Transit Passenger Flow Assignment Model Under the Condition of Crowded Costs

以往的轨道交通网络客流分析常以乘车时间、换乘时间为主要影响因素,但在实际调查中除上述影响因素外,乘车拥挤延误时间和换乘排队时间也是乘客在路径选择时的重要考虑因素.以改进后的广义费用模型为基础提出城市轨道交通随机均衡配流(SUE)模型,并给出相应的MSA算法步骤进行求解.     

基于旅行时间分析的城轨乘客路径集验证方法

城市轨道交通乘客出行路径集是否正确,是乘客路径选择估计以及网络客流分布计算的前提和基础.从现有客流分布模型中有效路径选择集问题及OD实际旅行时间聚类特征出发,引入Rodriguez-Laio快速聚类算法,提出基于旅行时间聚类分析的城市轨道交通乘客路径集验证方法.以北京地铁网络为例进行算例分析,结果表明,该方法可以在全网络范围内对路径选择集问题OD作出快速识别及滚动验证,并为以原因分析为导向的现场客流调查与模型修正工作提供重要参考.     

考虑路径尺度的城市轨道交通客流分配

城市轨道交通客流分配是进行轨道交通线网规划、评估和运营管理的关键技术之一。考虑有效路径之间重叠对路径选择概率的影响,在效用函数中加入路径尺度调整效用值,提出基于路径尺度的Logit客流分配方法。以北京地铁线网为例,构建乘客出行广义费用函数,搜索有效路径,清洗自动售检票系统(automatic fare collection, AFC)刷卡数据,通过MATLAB软件进行客流分配计算。结果表明:与既有模型相比,路径尺度Logit模型路径选择概率误差降低了24.32%,提高了客流分配精度。提出的路径尺度Logit模型具有较好的适用性、有效性,对于提升城市轨道交通线网科学规划水平、降低运营安全风险具有重要意义。     

基于乘客效益最优的BRT客流均衡模型

针对BRT通道内乘客优化引导问题,文中从BRT快速通道内的乘客需求特性角度出发,根据乘客起讫点(OD)需求与快速通道的线路特点对乘客进行分类,考虑影响在站乘客总效益的各个出行成本(乘车时间成本、延误等待成本和拥挤成本),采用客流分配的方法对到站线路车辆分配不同类型的乘客,并对不同类型的乘客需求采用不同的分配原则,在此基础上建立基于乘客效益最大化的BRT均衡配流模型,并通过设计改进的遗传优化算法对模型进行求解。算例分析表明,该模型可以在满足乘客总效益最优的情况下得到各条线路的乘客分配方案。与不使用该方案相比,算例乘客出行总成本减少162.3元,成本减少17.68%,证明了文中模型的有效性和实用性。     

基于组合熵优化的铁路客运网配流方法

针对铁路客运网的客流分配问题,以铁路列车开行方案为基础,由各OD间多条旅客出行路径构建铁路客运网.采用广义的旅行费用作为旅客出行路径综合总阻抗的度量,考虑不同铁路线区间客流输送能力和旅客出行路径综合总阻抗,提出不同铁路线区间客流输送能力饱和熵与旅客出行路径综合总阻抗熵等新概念.建立了以OD客流量守恒、旅客换乘次数限制以及客流量非负限制为约束条件,铁路旅客输送能力与旅客出行需求尽可能匹配的客流分配优化模型.根据区间客流输送能力和旅客出行路径综合总阻抗在实际问题中的重要程度,提出了基于组合熵优化的客流分配迭代优化求解算法.算例表明,利用该客流分配模型和算法能够得到更有效更细致的不同出行路径的铁路客流分配方案.     

考虑距离因素的多方式交通超级网络均衡配流模型及算法

考虑了出行距离对出行者不同感知费用的影响,提出了一种考虑距离因素的多方式用户平衡配流方法。对出行者在多方式交通系统中的出行行为进行了分析,基于图论构建了用于描述一般出行过程的多方式超网络模型,并定义了有效超路径和子路径。针对出行者在不同出行过程中时间和花费这两个主要定量因素的计算方法,同时考虑了出行距离对出行者感知费用的影响机制,构建了考虑距离因素的出行广义费用函数。在此基础上,提出了基于用户平衡准则的多方式交通网络配流模型,并提出了基于子路径费用的最短超路径搜索算法。最后用一个简单算例对模型进行了验证,结果表明本文所提出的模型及算法可行有效。     

考虑时间及路径约束的地铁断面客流构成推定方法

为缓解高峰时段地铁局部网络客流拥挤,更有效地对拥挤区段客流实施路径诱导,从而优化控制网络客流分布,首先通过计算不同时间粒度断面满载率,设置筛选阈值识别高峰时段网络能力限制区段;然后建立考虑时间及路径双重约束的地铁网络断面客流构成反推模型和设计迭代算法推定网络中限制区段的断面客流构成,并归类排序.以上海地铁网络限制区段曹杨路-隆德路为研究对象,推定得到早高峰8:30~9:00时段该区段的断面客流构成,验证了模型及算法的可行性.     

基于最短路搜索的多路径公交客流分配模型研究靠

提出了一种首先采用最短路算法搜索有效路径集,再根据有效路径的广义费用,由改进的Logit模型确定每条有效路径的选择概率,进而计算每条线路客流量的公交客流分配模型.其中,任意两交通区之间的有效路径集是以换乘次数最少为准则,通过对不同选择情况下公交路网进行最短路搜索而获取.该模型既体现了乘客的费用最小的选择心理,又反映了出行线路多样性的实际情况,而且算法简单、有效.初步实践证明,具有较强的实用性.     

基于快慢车组合的城市轨交走廊客流分析模型

构建的客流分析模型由三部分组成,首先在随机用户均衡分配理论的基础上建立乘客路径选择模型,确定乘客选择路径的原则和客流分配的基本依据;其次,以轨道行程时间、车内拥挤度及平均候车时间作为影响乘客出行成本的主要因素建立乘客出行成本模型;再次,通过建立弹性需求模型,考虑乘客出行意愿与服务水平的相互影响.最后运用案例,对客流分析模型进行验证,并得出快慢线组合运营对轨道交通走廊运营效率的影响效用及相关结论.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to