小型光伏半导体冰箱制冷/制热性能研究

提出了一种光伏半导体冰箱系统,分别在直流和交流供电的情况下对该系统的制冷、制热性能进行了实验研究．实验表明,制冷时该系统能维持箱内温度在5．0～10．0℃,制热时能维持箱内温度在62．0～68．0℃．此外,直流供电时的性能比较稳定,环境温度对其影响较小．该冰箱系统可用于户外缺电地区的食物、食品等进行保鲜或保温．     

热管喷射式制冷的研究

讨论了一种新型的制冷装置－热管喷射式制冷，描述了其工作原理，讨论了关于喷射系数和系统性能系数COP的计算方法，分别采用R22和水为制冷工质，进行多次计算取得最大喷射系数，并对系统性能系数COP作了定量的计算，分析计算结果得出喷射系数和COP随蒸发温度和发生温度的升高而增大，随冷凝温度的升高而减小，同时得到R22为制冷工质的系统性能系数COP在te=10℃，tc=35℃和tg=80℃时可达0．38，明显优于水为工质的系统，结果表明该系统有广阔的运用前景，尤其在太阳能利用领域。     

分布式光伏直驱制冰系统的实验研究

为解决太阳能光伏发电驱动压缩机工作间歇性问题,利用蓄冰代替蓄电池存储太阳能,构建了光伏直驱制冰系统,并对系统运行可靠性与制冰性能进行实验研究.研究结果表明,光伏直驱制冰系统接收辐照量为13.81 MJ/m2时,最大制冰量为62kg,系统COP最大值为0.17.为提升制冰系统性能,将原蒸发器单通道不锈钢盘管结构改进为双通道铜盘管结构,增加了制冷工质与水的换热面积,提高传热性能,系统在接收辐照量为13.73 MJ/m2时,最大制冰量为107kg,系统COP最大值达到0.24.     

热排空法测试复合吸附剂吸附脱附性能

采用热排空法进行了复合吸附剂吸附脱附性能测试试验.该方法在不使用真空泵的情况下将空气排出,使得系统内空气分压力小于2 Pa,符合国家标准对测试试验的要求.通过测定13X沸石原粉和整体成型复合吸附剂的吸附脱附性能得出:其测试值与文献值偏差小于8%,脱附过程和吸附过程中吸附床温度变化速率较高,分别为6.7℃/min和-13.7℃/min;对各个复合吸附剂性能的测试和比对得到复合吸附剂E,其脱附性能较好,将复合吸附剂E应用于太阳能冷管中的制冷系数COP约为0.24～0.28.     

太阳能冷管制冷与供热特性实验研究

介绍了太阳能冷管结构原理,并对它的制冷和供热特性做了实验研究.结果表明:在太阳辐射为23.5 MJ/m2情况下,太阳能冷管在白天加热脱附阶段能够将4 kg的水从25℃加热到约50℃;晚间吸附制冷阶段,能够将4 kg的水从26℃加热到39℃,并且可以产生276 kJ的冷量,制冷系数COP可达0.22.     

多功能空气源热泵实验系统设计

该文介绍了多功能空气源热泵实验系统的工作原理,进行了实验室空调冷负荷及热水量的计算,并对实验测试系统进行了设计。通过本文实验方法,得出了多功能空气源热泵在不同运行模式下机组运行功率、制冷量和COP值。多功能空气源热泵机组制热性能系数和制冷系数分别为3.84和3.25。该实验测试结果表明多功能空气源热泵实验系统设计是可行的。     

部分热回收风冷热泵冷热水机组性能实验研究

以一台额定制冷(热)量为45 k W的部分热回收风冷热泵机组为平台,研究和分析了样机在名义制冷、名义制热工况,在保持使用侧和热回收侧水流量不变条件下,开启热回收功能后得到出水温度为45℃和50℃热水时样机的运行参数和性能变化规律。结果表明,在名义制冷工况45℃和50℃热水出水温度时,样机制冷性能系数(COP)比无热回收分别变化-10.55%~1.09%和3.64%~12.73%,热回收综合制冷COP分别达到3.38~3.69和2.98~3.15,出水温度由45℃升高到50℃且分别采用单双风机冷凝时,样机制冷COP下降2.44%~4.68%;在名义制热工况热水45℃和50℃出水温度时,样机制热COP比无热回收降低10.96%~21.58%,50℃出水时制热COP比45℃出水时升高4.42%,热回收综合制热COP分别达到了3.28和3.09。     

回热型吸附式空调样机的改进及性能试验

为了研究改造后的回热型吸附式空调样机对低温余热的利用效率,结合一个试验循环分析系统的稳定热源、冷却水负荷、吸附床工作状况、蒸发器温度控制、样机性能等方面,发现样机在基本稳定的热源驱动下,系统中的各个热力参数的复现性及相对于半周期的对称性良好;利用105℃的低温余热,改造后样机的制冷系数(COP)和单位质量吸附剂制冷功率(SCP)分别可以达到0.492和124 W/kg.另外,在吸附床传热传质方面还具有提高样机性能的较大潜力.     

低品位余热源新型双喷射式制冷系统研究

提出了用气-液喷射器代替机械泵,有效回收低品位余热能源的新型双喷射式制冷系统.该制冷循环本身不需要消耗电能.研究了气-液喷射器的运行特性和喷射系数与工作参数的关系,发现在一定范围内系统效率随工作压力提高而提高,然后下降.分析了双喷射式制冷系统COP与发生器温度、冷凝器温度的关系,模拟了不同余热温度条件下双喷射式制冷系统的运行性能,结果表明制冷剂R123制冷性能优于R134a.系统COP可达0.3.     

三缸双级变容积比压缩机在空气源热泵系统中的应用

针对低温热泵用压缩机存在的问题,研究分析压缩机容积比对其性能的影响,提出一种新型三缸双级变容积比压缩机,并结合实验对搭配同一末端的传统双级压缩系统与三缸双级变容积比压缩系统的性能进行对比分析.研究结果表明:三缸双级系统可在-30℃环境正常运行,系统的性能系数(COP)为1.52,而传统双级系统在该种情况下无法运行;三缸双级系统的COP在任何环境温度下均比传统双级系统高1.25%～12.41%.当环境温度一定时,随着供水温度的升高,末端散热量增加,外机最大制热量衰减,COP下降;当环境温度分别为7℃和-25℃时,供水温度从40℃升至55℃的过程中,三缸双级系统的COP分别比传统双级系统高1.15%～8.86%和4.32%～7.33%.所有实验工况下,三缸双级系统单位时间耗电量均比传统双级系统低3.78%～16.67%.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.