采用遗传算法的自适应随机共振系统弱信号检测方法研究

针对传统自适应随机共振系统只能实现单参数优化的缺点,提出了一种基于遗传算法的多参数同步优化自适应随机共振算法.该算法选用由双稳系统输出的信噪比作为遗传算法的适应度函数,能够实现随机共振系统中多个参数的自适应选取,从而最优地检测出原始信号中的微弱周期成分.同时,将该优化算法和移频变尺度随机共振相结合,可以实现大参数条件下的随机共振.仿真数据和滚动轴承外环故障数据的分析表明,该算法收敛速度快,简单易行,在采样点数较少的条件下能从强噪声背景中检测出微弱的高频周期成分,因此具有良好的工程应用前景.     

自适应移频变尺度随机共振在故障诊断中的应用

针对移频变尺度随机共振系统参数选择困难的问题,提出了一种基于时频指标的自适应移频变尺度随机共振算法.该算法选用了最高谱峰位置(频域)及过零间距方差(时域)作为优化目标函数,避开了以信噪比等为目标函数时需要预先知道目标信号确切频率的不足,能够自适应地获取最优系统参数,以最大信噪比检测出微弱周期信号.同时,由于移频变尺度随机共振的选用,该自适应算法突破了传统随机共振系统的限制,因此可以检测实际工程中的高频信号.仿真和故障诊断的工程应用结果表明,该自适应算法简单、易于理解,能有效地从强背景噪声中检测出高频微弱周期信号,具有较强的工程实用价值.     

基于随机共振的混合频率微弱信号检测

非线性随机共振系统,为高噪声背景下微弱信号的检测提供了新方法.由于在检测微弱信号时受小频率参数和微弱信号幅度的约束,给实际应用带来了很大的困难.针对这一问题,利用归一化变换的随机共振微弱信号检测方法,通过引入归一化变换因子,消除随机共振系统对待测信号频率的限制,实现在高噪声背景下,混有高、低频待测信号的检测.理论分析和仿真结果表明:对埋在高噪声中的高、低频混合微弱信号,采用归一化变换,获得一个适当的输入信号到随机共振体系,通过输出信号的频谱分析检测出来,构建了一种可实现的高低频混合的微弱信号检测方法.     

基于固定垒高的双稳态系统参数调节方法

针对双稳态随机共振系统参数选取困难的问题,基于四阶龙格塔库算法,提出了一种以固定垒高为约束条件的系统参数调节方法。首先,根据输出信噪比公式,得到固定垒高ΔV下系统参数a,b的约束条件。然后,在约束条件下快速搜索a值,使微弱信号产生的频谱幅度峰值再次增大,从而得到与输入信号匹配的最大输出信噪比。仿真结果表明,在高频微弱信号检测中,该方法可以有效抑制低频分量干扰,信噪比较没有设定约束条件的参数调节方法平均提高了3.50dB。     

基于随机共振大参数微弱周期信号检测

研究了非线性双稳系统的动力学机理,根据非线性系统产生随机共振的同步条件,提出了不满足绝热近似理论的大参数微弱信号实现随机共振的方法。通过对系统参数的适当调整,实现了大频率信号和大强度噪声淹没的微弱周期信号的检测。理论分析和仿真实验表明,该方法有效地实现了大参数微弱信号随机共振,使得利用随机共振法检测大参数微弱周期信号不再局限于尺度变换法。     

基于局域波和混沌的转子系统早期碰摩故障诊断

为实现低信噪比下的微弱信号检测,提出一种基于局域波和混沌的微弱信号检测方法.将微弱的故障信号分解为有限的并且具有不同基本模式的分量,每个分量为单一成分信号,实现了信噪分离.将局域波分量输入所设计的混沌振子,混沌振子系统行为由混沌状态变为大周期运动状态,表明检测信号中含有特征成分,实现了利用混沌振子对低信噪比微弱信号的检测识别.对转子系统早期碰摩故障信号检测结果说明了该方法的有效性.     

频移变尺度自适应随机共振在大信号检测中的应用

针对随机共振检测大信号的局限性和判断随机共振发生时刻的盲目性,提出了将基于频域信噪比的自适应算法引入频移变尺度随机共振中,自动调节双稳态系统结构参数和采样频率,自动获取随机共振状态,实现大参数信号检测.数值仿真实验结果表明,频移变尺度自适应随机共振可以从强噪声背景中提取较高频率的周期信号;能自适应地寻找到随机共振发生时刻,获得了较高的输出信噪比,在信号检测领域具有更好的应用前景.     

关联白噪声作用下双模激光增益模型的随机共振

运用线性近似方法,计算得到了关联白噪声和输入周期信号共同作用下双模激光增益模型输出信号光强的自关联函数、功率密度谱和信噪比.讨论了信噪比随系统参数的变化.研究发现:在噪声关联程度λ0时,信噪比随噪声强度的变化出现了传统的随机共振现象,系统双模参数都会影响信噪比大小和共振现象;在输入信号频率Ω较小、净增益系数a1较大时,信噪比随自饱和系数c2及双模交叉耦合系数b的变化均出现随机共振,且随着Ω的增大或a1的减小,共振现象逐渐减弱,直至消失.     

改进型双稳随机共振系统及其在轴承故障诊断的应用

针对经典双稳随机共振系统(CBSR)的输出饱和现象降低系统输出信噪比的问题,提出一种改进型双稳随机共振系统。将CBSR中限制粒子运动的四次型势函数改进为分段二次型双稳势函数,并代入到由势函数、噪声以及微弱周期信号驱动的朗之万方程中,得到非饱和分段双稳随机共振系统。该系统结构简单,可通过调节系统参数实现最佳随机共振。进一步,通过绝热近似理论,得到表征系统性能的输出信噪比表达式,当输出信噪比随系统参数以及噪声参数增加呈现非单调变化时,系统发生随机共振。将改进系统应用于轴承故障诊断,结果表明,在相同参数下,改进系统的输出信噪比共振曲线整体高于CBSR及分段非线性双稳随机共振系统(PNBSR),系统能够有效检测出故障信号频率,在内外圈故障诊断中,输出信噪比较PNBSR系统分别提高了2.4 dB与1.8 dB,证明改进系统可有效增强系统输出信噪比。     

低采样率非线性随机共振微弱信号检测

传统的随机共振方法处理微弱信号要求很高的采样率（信号最高频率的50倍以上）.本文提出了一种在采样率较低的情况下利用非线性随机共振系统检测弱信号的方法,并推导了参数归一化单稳随机共振系统模型,极大地降低了利用随机共振检测弱信号的采样率.通过插值处理等效地提升低采样率下样本信号的采样率,并将插值后的信号送入参数归一化单稳系统进行随机共振处理,可在较低的采样率下提取特征信号.仿真结果表明,在采样率仅为信号最高频率的6倍时,在输入信噪比为－20dB的强噪声背景下,利用本方法可实现弱信号的检测     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the