功能化介孔二氧化硅微球的药物输送行为分析

介孔二氧化硅(MSNs)作为一类新型的药物载体在药物缓控释领域的应用方兴未艾。采用模板诱导和自组装方法合成MCM-41型介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒,并通过聚乙二醇(PEG)的表面修饰,制备出一类具有高亲水性、高孔隙率、高比表面积的MSNs修饰微球。采用氮吸附(BET)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、粒径分析等手段表征并对比了聚乙二醇(PEG)修饰前后的MSNs基础理化性能。在此基础上,选用阿霉素作为模型药物,包埋于介孔材料中,对比了PEG修饰前后MSNs中阿霉素的装载量、包封率及释放行为。选用乳腺癌细胞MCF-7为模型癌细胞,选用人血清蛋白(HAS)作为模型蛋白,考察了两种材料对细胞的生物安全性及对蛋白的吸附情况,并将两种材料所对应的载药微球与MCF-7进行共培养,探究两种载药系统对癌细胞的灭杀情况。     

敷料用介孔硅基盐酸环丙沙星缓释颗粒的制备及性能

为适应医用敷料抗菌和缓释功能的要求,采用十八烷基三甲基溴化铵(STAB)为模板剂,制备敷料用介孔二氧化硅(SiO_2)载体材料,并探讨工艺参数对其结构的影响。以盐酸环丙沙星(CH)为客体分子,介孔SiO_2为骨架制备复合抗菌颗粒,探究CH在介孔SiO_2中负载及释放行为。结果表明:所制备介孔SiO_2分散性较好,平均孔径为3.2nm,适于作药物载体;负载的CH表现出一定的缓释效果,在酸性和中性条件下的1h累积释放率分别为26.63%和15.74%,满足伤口初期的抗菌需求。使用经典药物释放模型进行释药数据拟合,发现载药颗粒的释放过程更符合Ritger-Peppas模型。     

pH响应MSNs@polymer(FITC/FA)核-壳结构双重药物载体

通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)在介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒(MSNs)表面接枝具有pH响应的聚2-(二异丙基氨基)甲基丙烯酸乙酯(PDPA),点击化学修饰聚乙二醇(PEG)、叶酸(FA)及荧光基团异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC),制备无机/有机复合材料的核-壳结构纳米颗粒(MSNs@polymer(FITC/FA))。通过细胞实验证明了所合成的纳米颗粒的生物相容性以及对于肿瘤细胞的靶向性和示踪性,结果表明该纳米颗粒可以同时在核层和壳层分别包载抗肿瘤药物紫杉醇(PTX)和多药耐药逆转剂他克莫司(FK506),其释药动力学研究结果显示在生理环境pH 7.4的条件下仅有约20%的药物泄漏,在pH 5.0的条件下存在24 h后超过80%的药物可以被释放。实验证明通过使药物分别分布在核层和壳层,可实现药物的分阶段释放。MSNs@polymer(FITC/FA)有望解决临床上抗肿瘤药物的多药耐药性问题。     

PC交联脱细胞牛心包膜的力学性能、稳定性和血液相容性

测定了原花青素(PC)交联的脱细胞牛心包膜(dbpECM)的力学性能、稳定性和血液相容性.实验结果显示,2.5 mg/mL原花青素交联能将拉伸强度从29.1 MPa提高到51.3 MPa,并保持弹性模量基本不变,而抗胶原酶降解能力与戊二醛相当;PC-dbpECM浸泡于D-Hanks溶液中,仅过量未交联原花青素在一周内释放,而交联的PC在PC-dbpECM中保持稳定.1 mg/mLPC即可基本抑制体外钙化.PC或GA交联的dbpECM都有较好的血液相容性,但PC交联明显优于GA.2.5 mg/mL PC交联的dbpECM血小板的粘附率(7.8%)显著低于未交联组(26.1%)和GA交联组(36.6%),表明PC-dbpECM具有较好的抗血栓形成能力.结果表明PC-dbpECM具有良好的力学性能,稳定性和血液相容性,有可能成为制备人工心脏瓣膜的优良材料.     

疏水改性纳米二氧化硅颗粒稳定Pickering乳液

采用Stober法制备纳米二氧化硅颗粒,用溴化N,N-二甲基二茂铁基十六烷基甲铵盐(Fc16AB)对其进行疏水改性,确定最佳改性条件,并将改性后纳米颗粒作为稳定剂制备Pickering乳液。运用XRD、FTIR、SEM、Zeta电位、接触角等方法对改性前后纳米颗粒进行表征,发现Fc16AB对纳米二氧化硅具有良好的改性效果。同时探讨了Fc16AB体积对乳液稳定性的影响。改性后二氧化硅稳定的Pickering乳液具有较好的稳定性,粒径小且分散均匀,形成稳定乳液的条件为Fc16AB体积为2 mL。     

不同粒径高度有序的介孔二氧化硅纳米材料（MSNs）的制备与表征

通过调解正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)和NH₃·H₂O的加入量,  采用共沉淀法可控地制备了一系列不同粒径（80~320 nm）, 且具有规则孔道结构的介孔二氧化硅纳米材料（MSNs）, 并利用小角X射线衍射（SAXRD）、 透射电镜（TEM）、 扫描电镜(SEM)及N2[KG-*3]吸附 脱附等方法对产物进行表征. 实验结果表明: 合成的样品均具有高度有序的孔道结构, 为典型的MCM 41介孔二氧化硅纳米材料; 采用合成后水热处理方法可提高材料的有序性和稳定性.     

无机介孔材料在第三代电化学生物传感器中的应用研究

无机介孔材料是一种孔直径在2,50nm的多孔材料。这种材料具有结构规则,机械性能高、化学和热能稳定性好等特点。近年来,随着材料合成技术的提高,不断有新型高负载能力和生物相容性好的介孔材料被开发出来。同时,实验表明,无机介孔材料是固载生物大分子的良好载体。利用无机介孔材料固载氧化还原蛋白质并结合其的直接电子转移,为我们提供了一种新的构建第三代生物传感器的方法。基于无机介孔材料的特点及氧化还原蛋白质的直接电子转移,所构建的第三代电化学生物传感器有望具有较传统电化学传感器更好的性能。将介孔材料分为二氧化硅基和非二氧化硅基2大类,描述了无机介孔材料在第三代电化学生物传感器中的应用。     

介孔二氧化硅包覆银纳米颗粒的制备及抗菌性能

首先采用次磷酸钠液相还原方法制备了纳米银溶胶;再以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法,在制备的纳米银溶胶中的银颗粒表面原位生长二氧化硅球壳;然后利用溶剂萃取法去除有机模板剂,再经超临界干燥后制备出介孔二氧化硅包覆银纳米颗粒(Ag@mSiO2)。对所得样品进行了TEM、SEM、XRD、FT-IR、N2吸附/脱附等表征,结果表明此纳米复合粒子的介孔结构有序性良好、比表面积大、呈连接的球状形貌。进一步以二倍稀释法测试了Ag@mSiO2纳米颗粒对大肠杆菌和金色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌质量浓度(均为156μg/mL)和最小杀菌质量浓度(312.5和625μg/mL),结果表明Ag@mSiO2纳米颗粒有良好的抗菌效果。     

硅气凝胶制备及其作为催化剂载体在甲烷部分氧化反应中的应用

采用超临界干燥(SCD)法和以溶剂置换、表面改性为基础的常压干燥(APD)法分别制得二氧化硅气凝胶.采用N2低温物理吸附脱附法、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)实验和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对两种方法制备的气凝胶的理化性能进行了表征.结果表明:SCD法和APD法制备的二氧化硅气凝胶的比表面积分别为1 016和846 m2/g,最可几孔径分别位于孔径大小14.5和11.5 nm处.SCD法制备的二氧化硅气凝胶的孔径分布范围和较大孔的数量均较APD法制备的要宽和多.而以两种方法制备的二氧化硅气凝胶为载体,硝酸镍为镍源,采用浸渍法制备的二氧化硅气凝胶负载镍催化剂中,镍均以极微小的颗粒形式高度分散于二氧化硅气凝胶载体上.对甲烷部分氧化(POM)制合成气反应,用两种方法(SCD和APD)制备的二氧化硅气凝胶载体为基础的负载镍催化剂对产物一氧化碳和氢气的选择性相差不大,但甲烷转化率则呈现明显的差异.     

介孔硅材料组装DNA电化学生物膜电极的制备

利用马来酰亚胺基类酯(Sulfo-SMCC)为异双功能偶联剂,将巯基修饰好的DNAzyme共价固定在已负载亚甲基蓝的氨基化介孔二氧化硅纳米材料上,并将壳聚糖混合后滴涂至碳糊电极表面上形成了电化学生物传感膜.利用循环伏安法、电化学阻抗法等对膜电极的制备过程进行了相应的表征.结果表明:基于巯基修饰的DNAzyme已成功固定于二氧化硅纳米材料上,并在碳糊电极表面上形成了稳定的膜.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.