正交偶极阵列声波测井仪的设计

在分析正交偶极子四分量测量原理的基础上,设计了一种正交偶极阵列声波测井仪,并介绍了其测量的具体实现方法.用该测井仪对不同地区的标准井和生产井进行了测试.结果表明,该仪器测得的波形信噪比高,波形特征清楚正确,资料处理结果中的快、慢横波慢度与各自的横波波形、各向异性及快、慢横波面方位角等都有良好的对应关系.     

用正交偶极阵列声波测井研究地层地应力场

提出了一种利用正交偶极子声波测井资料计算地层主应力的新方法。该方法利用了当地层地应力不均衡时,横波发生双折射形成快横波和慢横波的物理特征,在应力不均衡井段建立快、慢横波应力一速度方程。通过岩心实验确定了快、慢横波应力一速度方程的耦合系数,从而计算地层最大、最小水平主应力数值,并从理论上证明了快横波传播方向与最大水平主应力方向一致。应用该方法,对大港油田碳酸盐岩地层进行了地应力评价,并用成像测井对评价结果进行验证,结果证明该方法有效。     

TI地层井孔中正交偶极子声波测井的物理模拟

采用缩小尺寸的模型井和自制的声波测井模拟试验系统模拟研究正交偶极子声源在井轴与TI介质的对称轴呈不同夹角的模型井中声传播的特征,采用慢度时间相关法、频散分析方法及各向异性分析方法对测量得到的四分量偶极子波形进行分析,并与数值模拟结果进行对比。结果表明:正交偶极子声源在TI介质井孔中激发的弯曲波的速度随井轴与介质对称轴夹角的变化趋势与对应的横波体波速度的变化趋势相一致,且略小于对应的横波体波速度;从试验数据中提取的快、慢弯曲波的频散曲线互相平行,与固有各向异性地层井孔中的快、慢弯曲波频散曲线互相平行的理论相一致;通过HTI井孔中的正交偶极子模拟测量试验验证了地层横波各向异性测量及快横波面测量的可靠性。     

基于多尺度分析的正交偶极子声波测井反演地层各向异性

提出一种从四分量正交偶极子声波阵列波形数据中提取地层剪切波方位各向异性参数的有效方法。该方法利用了各向异性地层中快、慢主挠曲波的分裂特征，从四分量数据中计算出了主波列，构造了目标函数，并利用改进的模拟退火方法搜索目标函数的全局极小值，确定出各向异性参数和快横波方位角。对四分量数据进行了多尺度分析，在时间－频率域内提取了挠曲波的动力学特征，解决了实际数据处理中遇到的波形畸变和干扰问题。与常规方法的对比表明，新方法不仅计算速度快，而且能够减少确定快横波方位角时的不确定性，提高了各向异性参数估计的精确度。     

基于多尺度分析的正交偶极子声波测井反演地层各向异性

提出一种从四分量正交偶极子声波阵列波形数据中提取地层剪切波方位各向异性参数的有效方法。该方法利用了各向异性地层中快、慢主挠曲波的分裂特征 ,从四分量数据中计算出了主波列 ,构造了目标函数 ,并利用改进的模拟退火方法搜索目标函数的全局极小值 ,确定出各向异性参数和快横波方位角。对四分量数据进行了多尺度分析 ,在时间频率域内提取了挠曲波的动力学特征 ,解决了实际数据处理中遇到的波形畸变和干扰问题。与常规方法的对比表明 ,新方法不仅计算速度快 ,而且能够减少确定快横波方位角时的不确定性 ,提高了各向异性参数估计的精确度。     

基于比值法叠后快慢横波分离方法的裂缝检测

定向地下裂缝是低渗透率油气藏油气的储集空间和运移通道,对油气的开采有着重要的意义.本文基于横波分裂理论,提出了比值法叠后快、慢横波分离方法,通过分离后的快、慢横波的振幅差异和时间延迟可求取地下介质的裂缝走向方位和密度以及各向异性系数。     

含裂隙介质中横波分裂现象的数值模拟

波动方程高阶差分法具有精度高、数值频散小的优点,使用这种高阶差分解法,对裂隙介质中的弹性波的传播进行了模拟,对其中的横波分裂现象进行了分析研究,结果发现,在裂隙介质中,横波分裂后快横波与慢横波的能量分布与裂隙和测线的夹角有关;慢横波的能量衰减快;快、慢横波遇到反射界面时会产生各自的反射波、透射波和转换波、使记录复杂化,模拟结果对裂隙发育地区的地震资料的采集,处理和解释具有指导意义。     

随钻测井环境中地层横波速度测量的数值研究

由于慢地层横波速度测量困难,数值考察了多极子声源在裸眼井和随钻测井环境中激发的声场波形.随钻测井环境中,偶极子和四极子声源都能在快地层井孔中激发出携带地层横波信息的地层振型.研究表明在慢地层,偶极子声源激发的钻铤振型严重干扰地层横波波速的测量,低频四极子声源在慢地层井眼中则不会激发出钻铤振型.     

基于横波分裂的地层裂缝预测方法与应用

多波资料比单波资料含有更丰富的地层信息，特别是利用横波在裂缝介质中的分裂机制分离出的快，慢横波，可进行地下地层的各向异性研究，获取地层裂缝信息，预测出地层裂缝系统的发育方向和发育程度，有助于裂缝性油气藏的研究，作者研究了一套利用多波资料预测地层裂缝的方法，并得到了有效的应用。     

声波测井中横波拾取研究

研究了偏轴柱状声系激发的非对称声波场．在各向同性可渗性孔隙介质地层下,研究了时域全波列信号,指出对称和非对称声波场可通过简单的相加减办法来得到加强和削弱．理论和数值研究表明,将某些方位上接收的波形进行相加或相减等处理能较好地得到地层横波速度,为直接横波测井提供了可行方案     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.