甘肃省遥感成矿预测区划分及找矿靶区筛选——以金、铜、铅、锌矿产资源为例

以遥感技术为主要手段,结合已有地质、矿产、物化探成果资料,进行综合分析和野外验证,较全面、系统地对甘肃省金、铜、铅、锌矿产资源进行了综合研究和预测。在分析研究典型矿区成矿地质背景及其遥感影像特征的基础上,通过区域对比、多级识别、异常信息提取等技术方法,在省内重要成矿区带划分出Ⅳ级遥感成矿区（带）31个,各类遥感成矿预测区177个,圈定遥感找矿靶区37处;其中,A类遥感成矿预测区53个,找矿靶区26处,提出了遥感找矿重要靶区和主攻方向,建立了以遥感信息为主体的遥感地质综合找矿模式。     

基于MRAS证据权重法的辽西锦州—阜新金矿化带金矿潜力评价

利用已有的地质、矿产、物探及化探等资料,建立锦州—阜新金矿化带基于GIS的空间数据库。在此基础上重新建立研究区金矿区域找矿模型,其中主要找矿标志包括太古宙变质岩系、北东向及东西向韧性剪切带、北东—北北东及北西向断裂、Au-Ag-Cu-Zn化探异常、金重砂异常、航磁磁感应强度-T异常在50 nT至150 nT区间内、已发现金矿床(点)。以上述找矿标志构置预测变量(证据因子),采用MRAS(矿产资源评价系统)中的证据权重模型,对研究区首次进行基于GIS下的金矿产资源评价工作。以2 km×2 km网格为单元计算得到后验概率(P),根据P将研究区成矿远景分级并确定A,B和C 3个级别预测远景区。根据远景区分布特征,将其最终划分为19个找矿靶区,其中,A级找矿靶区3处,B级找矿靶区6处,C级找矿靶区10处。     

找矿靶区预测及找矿方向

作者依据成矿地质前提、直接找矿标志、综合物探异常、水系沉积物异常，预测了六个找矿靶区：①南徐─辉寨找矿靶区，②崖子─田家找矿靶区，③谭家─松椒找矿靶区，④刘家奋─正甲奋找矿靶区，⑤虎龙头─栾家疃找矿靶区，⑥辽上─西涝口找矿靶区。     

找矿靶区圈定和筛选原则及其方法研究

在找矿系统工程中,找矿靶区的筛选或优选,就是根据当前成矿预测的实践和地质找矿的需要而提出来的一项实用新技术。本文首先介绍了找矿靶区圈定和筛选原则,然后详细介绍了几种找矿靶区筛选方法。     

湖南九嶷山天鹅寨火山杂岩体后遥感技术应用与铀成矿潜力分析

在总结天鹅寨火山杂岩体地质、航放、航磁、放射性伽玛场特征及放射性水化学特征研究基础上,结合遥感解译资料,认为SN向、EW向线性断裂、环形构造为主要控矿构造,放射性伽玛场及水化学异常点受SN向线性断裂控制明显。通过运用后遥感应用技术开展成矿潜力分析,优选出4个找矿靶区:牛角龙—长冲—桃源坪找矿靶区(Ⅰ级)、鸡冠石—小洞—初冲找矿靶区(Ⅱ级)、上庙龙冲—桐木垒—八亩田找矿靶区(Ⅱ级)、高家坪—小坪源找矿靶区(Ⅲ级)。为该区下步找矿指明了方向。     

基于机器学习的找矿预测模型在湖南岳溪锑矿田的应用

分析各类地质找矿因子与矿体之间的相关性,建立合理高效的找矿预测模型,是优选找矿勘查靶区的关键。位于雪峰弧形构造带中段之金锑钨多金属成矿带上的岳溪矿田,找矿前景良好。以岳溪断裂(F_1)南部缓冲区、从Landsat8-OLI影像数据中提取的铁染及羟基蚀变信息及从地球化学勘探获取的Sb等10种元素含量作为地质找矿因子,分别构建了基于随机森林和支持向量机的分类预测模型。通过分析认为,随机森林模型具有更为优异的预测功能,故选取该模型的预测结果进行成矿潜力制图。研究结果表明F_1以南的缓冲区和地表的As、Sb含量,对矿体定位有较高的贡献;划分的成矿高潜力区,占研究区的7.69%,包含着98.60%的含矿单元,可优选为后续找矿勘查工作的靶区。     

豫西小南沟矿区地质特征及成矿预测

在综合分析已有资料的基础上,研究了该矿区矿床的地质特征和成矿构造,查明了成矿控制因素,总结了成矿规律,对研究区进行了成矿预测,获得了两个重点找矿靶区,为进一步开展地质找矿工作和研究此类矿床成矿规律提供了科学依据。     

基于MapGIS综合找矿信息香炉山钨矿田钨矿资源预测

以香炉山钨矿田的地质、物探、化探、矿产等综合信息图为基础,以运用MapGIS处理的地、物、化、矿产信息为主线,综合分析成矿地质背景和成矿规律。运用特征分析数理统计方法,划分出成矿可能地段、找矿可行地段及找矿有利地段。以成矿条件有利程度、找矿信息的强弱、预测依据可靠程度及各类信息的提取、关联、转换、合成,按找矿优度及找矿序率,划分预测靶区。在圈定的四个找矿有利地段内,香炉山—张天罗、大岩下已发现了具有中—大型的白钨矿床,而在坡塘、上坳岭地区地质工作程度较低,目前尚未实现找矿突破,因此在今后的地质找矿工作中应引起高度重视,可望在该区实现地质找矿工作的新突破。     

基于GIS和证据权模型的矿产勘探信息系统

为了利用现有多源地学信息确定找矿有利靶区,研究设计了基于组件式GIS的矿产资源勘探信息系统(CMREIS),该系统包括系统架构设计、系统功能设计、数据库设计、系统成矿预测模型接口.以云南、贵州交界区(东经104°-105°,北纬25°20' -26°)为例,利用汇集到的研究区现阶段地质、化探和专题研究资料等多源地学信息,通过系统提供的证据权模型接口以及GIS的空间分析对研究区各种有利成矿因素(证据层)进行了等权叠加等处理,根据成矿单元后验概率值得到了研究区金成矿预测色块图,并将其划分成4个等级,将Ⅱ级以上确定为找矿有利靶区.该成果对该区进一步开展、部署找矿工作具有重要的参考意义.     

基于Meta分析的青海杂多地区成矿定量预测

为降低权重确定的不确定性,将循证医学领域广泛使用的Meta分析方法用于定量预测青海杂多地区的矿产资源。在分析该地区成矿规律与控矿因素的基础上,选择地层、构造、岩浆岩、地磁异常、化探异常和遥感蚀变异常这6个要素的11个预测因子,构建成矿定量预测的指标体系。以区内的50多个已知矿点为样本,采用规则网格单元统计上述11个预测因子与已知矿点的空间位置套合情况,从而将地质资料中的非定量数据转化为Meta分析所要求的定量信息,并通过Meta分析计算得到不同预测因子的优势比。通过分析各个预测因子之间优势比之差,结合模糊综合层次分析法(FAHP)求得各个因子在成矿预测中的权重。基于该权重,利用模糊综合评判(FCA)建立青海杂多地区铅锌多金属矿的成矿定量预测模型,并划分出3类不同级别的成矿有利区。以此为基础,划定出5个成矿远景区,圈定A类勘查靶区5处,B类勘查靶区10处,C类勘查靶区20处。研究结果表明:基于Meta分析的定量预测法比常规的综合化探异常法的找矿有效性提高36%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with