陕西省鱼类区系研究

本文根据历年来所采标本和文献记载,对陕西鱼类作了系统整理,共录得鱼类133种及亚种,隶属于8目15科78属。在区系成分上,江河平原区的种类占绝对优势,占总数的65%以上;雅怒区、华南区、西北区的种类分别约占9%;黑龙江区的种类约占6%.并给全省主要河流及其较大支流的鱼类做了初步记载,反映了陕南、关中、陕北三大自然地理区鱼类组成的差异,可以看出秦岭在鱼类分布上的阻限作用及在动物地理区划上的重要位置,可供渔业规划和动物地理区划的参考。     

广东北江鱼类区系研究

本文根据1981—1983年的调查结果报告了北江鱼类143种(包括亚种),分隶于11目,26科,93属,其中2个为新种,10个为广东省淡水鱼类新记录.本文详细地研究了北江鱼类的分布、起源、区系组成和北江鱼类区系与其它江河鱼类区系的比较及与毗邻地区鱼类区系的关系,同时对北江鱼类区系在鱼类地理区划上的地位作了分析与讨论.     

河北小五台山鳞翅目昆虫区系组成分析

通过对河北省小五台山鳞翅目昆虫的调查统计,整理出39科516属871种.其中优势科有夜蛾科Noctuidae,尺蛾科Geometridae,草螟科Crambidae,卷蛾科Tortricidae等;在世界动物地理区划中,小五台山鳞翅目昆虫为典型的古北界分布型,古北界成分共计223种,占总数的26.17%;古北界和东洋界共有成分共计544种,占总数的63.85%,其他区系成分所占比例仅为9.96%,说明其与东洋界的联系紧密,两界鳞翅目昆虫相互渗透,而与其他几界关系远.在中国动物地理区划中,小五台山鳞翅目昆虫分布广泛,与东北区关系紧密,复计种数为71.24%,与西藏区关系较远.     

宁夏贺兰山半翅目昆虫区系组成分析

2007-2008年对宁夏贺兰山半翅目昆虫进行系统采集,并结合相关资料对该区昆虫的区系组成进行了分析.结果表明,该区共有半翅目昆虫16科67属94种.在世界动物地理区系组成上,宁夏贺兰山的半翅目昆虫以古北区成分为主,其中欧洲西伯利亚和中亚成分共占54.26％,二者构成该地区半翅目昆虫的主体;在中国动物地理区系中,以蒙新...     

广西那坡县种子植物区系种的地理成分分析及区系特点

在野外调查和分类处理的基础上,对那坡县的2201种种子植物进行了种的分布区类型的统计分析,结合科、属的地理成分分析,总结了区系特点.种的分布类型分析显示,中国特有分布最多(43.6%),其次是热带亚洲分布(33.0)和东亚分布(12.8%).以区系分区区划作为分析地理分布特征的单位,将那坡的中国特有分布型划分为3个分布亚型和11个变型,那坡与我国其它地区尤其是与西南、长江以南共有的种占很大比重(73.6%),反映上述区系的密切联系并有如下特点①热带北缘性质;②特有现象显著;③岩溶特性;④起源古老;⑤与越南北部区系和滇东南植物区系联系紧密,体现了北部湾区系区的整体性质.     

河北省陆栖脊椎动物分布之研究

掌握某一地区动物的区系和生态分布,对于深入地阐明其生态地理分布规律,制定合理而充分地开发动物资源,以及对珍稀、濒危动物种类的保护和恢复规划等方面均具有重要的意义。我省在动物地理区划中的位置虽属于华北区,但是由于太行山系为动物地理分布的“走廊”,以及河北大平原无明显的“地理屏障”,所以,东洋界和古北界的动物在我省为一混杂地理带,故动物的区系成分和种类都比较复杂。迄今关于我省陆栖脊椎动物地理分布的系统全面的专题研究尚未见有报导。笔者根据多年来的实地考察并参阅有关的文献资料,写成此文,谨供有关部门参考。     

中国阳蝇属区系研究(双翅目:蝇科)

阳蝇属迄今在全世界已知400余种,本文报告了阳蝇属的属征、生物学及分类概况.在已有标本采集记录和资料的基础上,讨论了我国阳蝇属已知种的区系分布特点.结果表明我国阳蝇属种类极其丰富,已知176种,约占世界阳蝇已知种数的44%;在世界动物地理区划中,古北界种81种,东洋界种73种,古北和东洋界共同种13种,全北界种9种;在我国动物地理区划中,西南区、华北区和东北区的种类最为丰富;在我国已知的阳蝇中有140种为地方性种.     

内蒙古乌拉山地区蝴蝶区系初步分析

通过对内蒙古乌拉山地区蝴蝶的调查研究,共发现该地区蝴蝶32种,隶属于4科28属。其中粉蝶科(Pieridae) 4属6种,蛱蝶科(Nymphalidae) 18属19种,灰蝶科(Lycaenidae) 4属5种,弄蝶科(Hesperiidae) 2属2种。蛱蝶科(Nymphalidae)为优势科,优势种为绢粉蝶Aporia crataegi、单环蛱蝶Neptis rivularis、荨麻蛱蝶Aglais urticae。区系成分分析表明,在世界动物地理区划中,该地区蝴蝶以古北界成分为主,与中日界有密切联系。在中国动物地理区划中,以华北昆虫区种类占有绝对优势,与华中昆虫区和青藏昆虫区联系最为密切。     

内蒙古贺兰山半翅目昆虫区系组成分析

通过对内蒙古贺兰山国家级自然保护区半翅目昆虫的调查统计,整理出该目昆虫38科180属302种.其中优势科为盲蝽科Miridae、叶蝉科Cicadellidae、蝽科Pentatomidae和蚜科Aphididae.区系成分分析表明,古北界成分有103种,占总数的34.11%;古北界+撒哈拉阿拉伯界共有成分65种,占总数的21.52%;古北界+中日界成分36种,占总数的11.92%;其他区系成分有98种,占总数的比例仅为32.45%.在中国动物地理区划中,以单区型"东北昆虫区"为主,共计91种(30.13%),其次为双区型"东北昆虫区+华北昆虫区",共计41种(13.58%).表明保护区昆虫区系具有典型的东北昆虫区特征,且与华北昆虫区联系较为紧密.     

广西那坡县种子植物区系种的地理成分分析及区系特点

在野外调查和分类处理的基础上，对那坡县的2201种种子植物进行了种的分布区类型的统计分析，结合科、属的地理成分分析，总结了区系特点。种的分布类型分析显示，中国特有分布最多(43．6％)，其次是热带亚洲分布(33．0)和东亚分布(12．8％)。以区系分区区划作为分析地理分布特征的单位，将那坡的中国特有分布型划分为3个分布亚型和11个变型，那坡与我国其它地区尤其是与西南、长江以南共有的种占很大比重(73．6％)，反映上述区系的密切联系并有如下特点：①热带北缘性质；②特有现象显；③岩溶特性；④起源古老；⑤与越南北部区系和滇东南植物区系联系紧密，体现了北部湾区系区的整体性质。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.