收益现值法在矿产资源评价中存在的问题

收益现值法在进行矿产资源评价时，没有对生产过程各因素的影响进行充分考虑，因而计算值会出现偏差。特别是对矿床富矿段的处理需慎重对待。传统计算时，是将富矿段均化到整个矿体中进行求取平均品位，然后再计算，这种计算与实际生产过程极不符合，本文试图对这些因素进行改进，特别是对富矿段的处理，采用采矿顺序优化后，分段进行计算，计算结果较传统计算有了很大改进，较符合实际。     

应用改进遗传算法求解炼钢连铸生产调度问题

炼钢连铸制造流程是一个复杂的多阶段、多产品生产过程,其生产调度问题可建模为车间调度问题. 提出一个改进遗传算法求解炼钢连铸生产调度问题. 改进包括三个方面:基于排序的适应度分配、基于排序的工件过滤交叉算子和基于指数关系的变异率曲线. 经24个benchmark的比较测试表明,改进遗传算法比传统遗传算法的寻优能力更强. 通过16个生产计划和6个处理工序的炼钢连铸生产调度实例计算结果表明,改进遗传算法是有效的.     

基于动量BP算法的过渡段路基沉降预测

利用动量BP算法改进了BP神经网络的收敛性,建立了过渡段路基沉降预测模型.该模型可克服传统BP神经网络收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等的缺点.结合津秦客运专线路桥过渡段路基沉降实测数据,将该优化模型与传统BP神经网络预测模型进行了对比.计算表明,利用动量BP算法改进的神经网络具有较高的预测精度,同时考虑了多个影响因素,因而具有广阔的应用前景.     

多浅段航道设计通过能力仿真

为合理评估多浅段航道设计通过能力及确定航道疏浚量,改进了对传统多浅段航道乘潮方式的计算方法,应用离散事件仿真方法对航道通航条件及影响因素建立航道设计通过能力的计算模型,并根据国内某航道的实际资料进行仿真计算.结果表明,针对多浅段航道的各浅段分别进行建模和疏浚方案设计的模拟计算,可以在保证航道通过能力的情况下仅对个别浅段进行疏浚,大大降低了航道的疏浚成本;同时,对多种疏浚方案进行比较计算,可以确定较优的疏浚深度,对航道建设规模确定有重要的理论价值和实际意义.     

未确知期望在煤层围岩稳定性分析中的应用

针对煤岩稳定性计算中存在的多种不确定因素影响计算结果准确度等问题,应用未确知信息理论,对煤层围岩力学参数进行未确知有理化,求解煤层围岩的未确知期望值,并对煤层围岩的稳定性进行分析和计算,结果表明:运用求解未确知期望的方法,来解决受不确定因素影响的地下工程中的未确知问题,较传统方法更精确、更简洁、更有效.未确知期望法在处理地下工程中的大系统优化问题时,值得进一步探讨和应用.     

江门市经济发展因素的定量分析（1980－1991年）

本文利用改进的柯布－道格拉斯生产函数，对江门市１９８０－１９９１年期间，各经济投入量及科技进步对经济增长的作用进行宏观的定量分析。为了削弱非规律因素对数据的影响，在计算过程中进行了低频滤波处理。     

巴西赤铁矿富矿粉直接还原试验研究

对粒度不大于4mm赤铁富矿粉原矿进行压球直接还原试验研究，以烧结常用的赤铁矿富矿粉和还原剂（碎焦粉或烟煤）为原料，采用复合型粘结剂进行压球试验。实验结果表明，成型球在1150～1280℃直接还原时，基本无粘结现象。因而可在较简易条件下实现生产DRI的目的。     

非棱柱形河渠水面线计算的通用方法

河道和明渠中水面曲线的计算,是水利工程和航运工程设计中经常碰到的问题。传统的计算方法往往只考虑水流的沿程摩阻损失,忽略流速水头变化的因素,和特别是忽略局部损失的影响。在天然河道、水库和渠道(包括过渡段)中,由于河槽常非简单的棱柱形,这种处理方法与实际情况就不能很好符合。本文以不均匀流的基本方程为依据,建议了考虑流速水头和局部损失的、具有通用性的图解方法。可用于非棱柱形河槽,或复合河段需要较严格地求水面曲线时的实际工程计算问题。文中还附有上述情况下降水曲线和回水曲线的计算实例和说明。     

基于模糊综合评判的实际生产调度决策研究

为解决实际生产调度中的模糊不确定性决策问题,提出了基于优先级规则和模糊综合评判结合的生产调度决策方法.通过分析实际生产调度中的任务分派过程,得出任务分派时需要考虑的任务影响因素以及设备影响因素.利用影响因素的隶属函数表示各影响因素的优先程度,解决了调度过程中的不确定及偏好信息的表示问题.通过模糊综合评判计算,对任务优先级和设备的优先级进行综合计算,解决了调度过程中多模糊因素综合权衡问题.最后通过算例对该方法计算过程进行说明,并以实际车间调度应用为例分析了该方法的实用性.     

X射线显微成像中的光子统计噪声分析

光子统计噪声是X射线显微成像中影响图像质量的主要因素之一,它对图像质量的影响一般用信噪比来描述.研究表明,X射线显微图像的信噪比随着入射光子数的增加而增加;但由于X射线会对样品带来损伤,所以实验中要求尽量减少入射的X光光子数.但是传统的基于经验数据的罗斯判据并不能给出客观的答案,特别对经过图像减影处理的带噪图像,罗斯判据并不适用.这里提出"区分概率"的概念对罗斯判据进行分析和改进,有助于找出所需最小入射光子数.将区分概率运用到图像减影法中进行模拟,求出此图像处理方法下所需最小入射光子数.最后得出区分概率在0.4时是图像中物体与背景部分得以区分的一个较合理阈值的结论.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the