叶顶间隙几何不确定性对离心叶轮气动性能的影响

为了揭示受叶顶间隙几何不确定性影响的离心叶轮气动性能和内部流场变化规律,采用非嵌入式多项式混沌(NIPC)法并结合计算流体力学方法,以Krain离心叶轮为例,研究了叶顶间隙服从高斯分布时的叶轮效率、压比性能统计变化规律,并从叶轮出口流动不均匀性、相对马赫数分布、载荷分布等角度探究其物理机制。结果表明:不同流量工况下,Krain叶轮效率和压比的不确定带大小相当;小流量工况下,叶轮出口流动对叶顶间隙几何不确定性的敏感度较强;大流量工况下,叶轮进口及吸力面附近流动对叶顶间隙几何不确定性的敏感程度较强。研究结果有利于深刻认识叶顶间隙几何不确定性对离心叶轮气动性能和内部流场的影响,同时为深入开展流体机械不确定性流动分析研究提供了一定的理论指导。     

不同出口角度扩压器的内部流动及离心压缩机级性能数值研究

以某多级离心压缩机首级为研究对象,运用数值模拟方法研究扩压器出口安装角对压缩机级性能的影响,得出不同出口安装角情况下压缩机单级的性能曲线,并分析扩压器内部流动特点和损失机理,通过压力恢复系数Cp对比不同流量下不同扩压器的扩压效果。结果表明,当扩压器出口安装角增大时,性能曲线向大流量区移动,最高效率和压比先升高后降低;不同出口角度下叶片扩压器的扩压效果由不同工况下的流动特性决定;在大流量下,不同出口角度下扩压器叶背形成分离区且旋涡位置不同;在小流量下,具有较大出口安装角的扩压器叶腹率先出现分离区。     

叶轮叶顶间隙对离心制冷压缩机性能的影响

为研究叶顶间隙对离心压缩机性能和流动的影响机理,提高压缩机级效率,以某离心制冷压缩机级为研究对象,通过试验与Numeca软件数值模拟相结合的方法,研究了叶顶间隙分别为0、0.15、0.3、0.45、0.6、1.2 mm时压缩机级性能的变化规律。研究结果表明:随着叶顶间隙增大,压缩机稳定运行工况范围变窄,级效率与压比下降;压缩机级性能下降程度与间隙增加量基本呈线性变化关系;叶顶间隙对压缩机性能参数的影响与流量系数的取值有一定关系,同一叶顶间隙下,流量系数越小,性能参数下降速率越快。分析了额定工况下叶顶间隙分别为0、0.3、0.6 mm时间隙泄漏流对叶轮流道的影响规律,结果发现:在叶轮流道周向截面,间隙泄漏流会在叶轮盖侧形成低速区,并沿着叶高以及盖侧横向扩散;顺着叶轮子午流道方向,间隙泄漏流会向相邻叶片的压力面扩散;随着叶顶间隙的增加,间隙泄漏流引起的低速区对叶道流场影响加剧,低速区与主流混合后向下游扩散,造成叶轮流道主流能量损失增大,叶片载荷减小,叶轮做功能力有所下降。     

离心压气机性能影响机理研究及优化

压气机作为航空发动机的核心器件,对发动机的流量和功率影响显著。与轴流压气机相比,离心压气机具有结构简单、制造方便以及单级压比高等特点,十分适用于流量较小、总压比不高的小型涡轴发动机。该文基于Concepts NREC对离心压气机的叶轮和扩压器在规定工况下进行整体设计,并对离心压气机进行三维数值模拟,研究典型参数对离心压气机的影响,对初步设计模型参数进行优化,得到在设计工况下离心压气机的理想模型。研究表明：适当降低进口轮毂比、适当减小叶轮叶根进口角、合理选择叶顶间隙数值和叶轮出口相对宽度对提升压气机的效率和压比有利,优化后的离心压气机效率最高可达0.831,对应压比为8.771,工作裕度为18.44%,效率比初步设计的离心压气机提高了4.79%,压比提高了3.68%。     

带分流叶片离心叶轮非定常流场的实验研究

使用X热膜传感器,测量了带有分流叶片离心压缩机叶轮出口和扩压器进口3个叶高位置的流动,分析了沿叶高方向主叶片和分流叶片对非定常流动的影响.结果表明:该叶轮中间叶高处主叶片和分流叶片对流动影响的差别最大,叶轮出口主叶片尾迹区比分流叶片尾迹区的径向速度减小62%,切向速度增大2%,绝对气流角减小8°左右;扩压器进口两区域流动差别有所减弱,但仍较明显.各叶高处非定常流动以主叶片或分流叶片一次叶片通过频率为基频,基频和其二阶谐波的影响均较大,高于二阶以上谐波的影响很小.主叶片和分流叶片流动区域雷诺应力差别较大,在叶轮出口中间叶高处最大雷诺应力相差超过68%.通过实验发现,气流角沿叶高变化超过10°,表明二维叶片扩压器冲击分离等损失可能会较大,有必要设计三维叶片扩压器.     

叶顶泄漏流对半开式离心泵叶轮流动结构的影响

为研究不同叶顶间隙下叶顶泄漏流对半开式叶轮离心泵流动结构的影响,设计5种不同尺寸叶顶间隙方案,采用SSTk-ω湍流模型,对半开式叶轮离心泵进行全流道三维数值计算,分析半开式叶轮叶顶间隙内部流动结构并进行可视化实验验证.结果表明:随着叶顶间隙的减小,离心泵的扬程和效率明显上升,间隙值减小到0.7 mm时,进一步减小叶顶间隙,泵的效率不再有明显变化;叶顶间隙选取最佳值对泄漏涡发展有一定的抑制作用.利用Q准则对涡进行判别发现:随着间隙的减小,主泄漏涡强度减弱,二次泄漏涡逐渐消失,对主流的影响减小;当间隙减小到0.7 mm时,二次泄漏涡完全消失,主泄漏涡强度最弱;叶顶间隙泄漏流对流场的干涉程度受流量影响,小流量工况时,通过减小叶顶间隙可以提高叶片区流动抗干扰能力.     

带叶片扩压器离心压缩机模型级内流研究

通过对在研工业用带翼型叶片扩压器离心压缩机模型级的内部流动进行数值模拟,以及对模型级外特性进行了实验研究,分析了模型级内部流动特点、损失机理及其对级性能的影响。研究发现:该离心压缩机模型级性能较好,工况范围内效率曲线非常平坦,稳定运行范围较宽,整级效率高达82%;设计流量下叶轮出口轮盖与叶片吸力面的角区有明显的尾迹区存在,小流量下进入叶片扩压器内的气流在叶腹的流动没有得到有效滞止,大流量下气流以冲击叶片扩压器叶腹为主,同时在叶背上出现了较大的旋涡区;不同工况下叶片扩压器内的流动损失和扩压效果由不同工况下的流动特性决定。数值模拟和实验研究获得的模型级外特性曲线一致,表明所采用的数值模型能够准确预测模型级内部的流动特性。     

叶顶间隙对离心压气机的多工况性能影响

为研究多工况下不同叶顶间隙尺寸压气机的性能差异及规律,运用Fluent软件对4种不同间隙尺寸的半开式离心压气机模型进行了数值模拟计算和比较分析.研究结果表明,随着叶顶间隙的增大,压比与效率出现了不同程度的下降,且随着转速提升,下降趋势愈加明显,但在小间隙范围内,稳定工况范围和失速流量点却得到了提升;在相同叶顶间隙下,随着质量流量的递减,叶轮叶片背面均出现了明显的分离流动现象且流道中出现了明显的回流.同时,仿真计算结果与试验数据误差较小,验证了计算方法的准确性.     

微型燃气轮机叶轮内流动的研究

对Honeywell Parralon 75型微型燃气轮机的压气机与向心透平叶轮内的流动进行了数值研究，该机为单轴单级，压比为4／1，流量为0．68kg／s．计算方法基于Jameson格式，湍流模型选择Baldwin-Lomax模型．计算结果为分析叶轮流道内二次流的形成与发展提供了详细的流动结构．压气机叶轮采用分流叶片，可以延缓横向二次流的发展，降低叶片吸力面扩压程度，减小叶轮出口尾迹的强度与范围，对提高叶轮效率起到决定性的作用．透平叶轮流道内部的损失区主要集中在吸力面一侧，叶顶间隙的泄漏流动使得吸力面与叶顶间的角隅区的损失有明显加大，控制叶轮的径向间隙对控制流动损失有明显作用．     

叶片扩压器安装角对高负荷离心压气机流动及性能的影响

本文以某高负荷离心压气机为研究对象,运用三维粘性数值模拟方法考察了不同叶片扩压器进口安装角对离心压气机流动及性能的影响。分析结果显示,叶片扩压器进口安装角对离心压气机流动及性能影响很大,过小的安装角会造成流道堵塞,产生拉瓦尔喷管效应,使整级效率急剧降低。叶片扩压器在合适的安装角范围内,随着进口安装角的增大,压气机等熵效率变大,总压比升高,但工作裕度却逐渐减小。由此可知,叶片扩压器具体安装角的确定要根据效率、压比和工作裕度的综合考虑所定。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to