新型圆柱结构的场发射碳纳米管发光管

设计了一种新型结构的场发射碳纳米管发光管，采用热解法直接生长在钨丝上的碳纳米管作为发光管阴极，获得了新的碳纳米管生长工艺．扫描电子显微镜的表面形貌分析表明，钨丝上碳纳米管的顶端有许多分叉．在常温且真空度为10-4Pa的条件下，测试了钨丝上碳纳米管的电流-电压发射特性，测得开启电场强度为1．25V／μm左右．当电场强度为2．0V／μm时，电流密度可迭320A／m^2．测试了发光管的发光特性，当电压为300V时，亮度可达1600cd／m^2．这种低成本、低耗能、高亮度的新结构碳纳米管发光管，有效地提高了场发射效率和发光亮度，可用于交通指示和大屏幕显示器．     

碳纳米管/纤维阴极场发射平板显示器研制

探索了从碳纳米管/纳米纤维（CNT/CNF）的制备到CNT/CNF阴极场发射平面显示器(c-FED)封装的工艺流程.用化学气相沉积方法,优化制备条件获得了纯度较高的CNT/CNF；以 CNT/CNF和低压荧光粉为原料，采用丝网印刷工艺制作显示器的阴极和阳极；采用类真空荧光显示器的封装工艺封装了c-FED样管.所研制的c-FED具有优良的场发射性能，较好的均匀性及发光密度，黄色荧光粉的c-FED在电场为 2.7 V/μm时的亮度可达600 cd/m².因该显示器使用普通玻璃作为阴阳极基板，整个工艺流程在大面积和实用化方面有很好的应用潜力.      

金刚石粉阴极的均匀性及其场发射性能研究

目的研究金刚石场发射阴极处理工艺对场发射电流和阈值电压的影响。方法设计了一个将金刚石粉热粘到金属钛表面的工艺,用XRD和SEM分析不同的金刚石纳米粉超声分散液时热粘结的状况:研究样品的场发射性能。结果用丙酮分散时的粘结表面非常均匀;经氢等离子体处理的表面均匀样品场发射阈值电压为0．5V／μm。结论丙酮分散的纳米金刚石粉热粘接到钛金属表面构成的金刚石粉场发射阴极可以降低发射阈值电压;不同等离子体处理工艺可以改变场发射电流。     

镓掺杂碳纳米管场发射性能的研究

采用催化热解方法制备出镓掺杂碳纳米管,并利用丝网印刷工艺将其制备成纳米管薄膜.扫描电子显微镜观察表明,纳米管直径在20~50 nm之间.对此薄膜进行低场致电子发射测试表明,其场发射性能优于同样条件下未掺杂时的碳纳米管、碳氮纳米管和硼碳氮纳米管.当外加电场为1.1 V/μm,发射电流密度为50μA/cm2;当外电场增加到2.6 V/μm时,发射电子密度达到5 000μA/cm2.对其场发射机理进行探讨.     

用机械破碎方法提高印刷碳纳米管薄膜的场发射性能

提出了一种可显著改善丝网印刷碳纳米管(CNTs)薄膜场发射特性的后处理方法,用机械压力通过隔离层对附着于CNTs表面的无机物进行原位破碎,并用高速气流清洁薄膜表面.同其他方法相比,机械破碎方法既不会在处理后的阴极表面留下残留物,也不会使薄膜受损.场发射特性测试表明,与未处理薄膜相比,经过处理的CNTs薄膜的开启场强从2.7V/μm降低到1.7V/μm,同样面积的薄膜(印刷面积为40mm×40mm)在4.2V/μm场强下的发射电流由70μA提高到了950μA,说明机械破碎处理对于提高薄膜的场发射特性有明显作用.该方法在碳纳米管场发射显示器的制作中具有很好的实际应用价值.     

丝网印刷ZnO纳米锥的浆料制备及场发射特性研究

针对现有的丝网印刷碳纳米管薄膜需要各种后处理工艺才能改善其场发射特性的问题,提出了一种不需任何后处理的丝网印刷ZnO纳米锥的浆料配制工艺.该工艺以羧甲基纤维素为制浆剂,以水为溶剂,所制备的ZnO纳米锥薄膜表面上的有机浆料已基本分解,ZnO纳米锥在高温下既不会弯曲也不会团聚,且成本低,工艺简单.场发射特性测试表明,ZnO纳米锥与制浆剂质量比为3∶5的薄膜在电流密度为0.01 A/m^2时,最低开启场强为2.25 V/μm,在4 V/μm场强下,阳极荧光粉的发光点亮度高且分布均匀.该工艺在ZnO纳米锥场发射显示器的制作中有很好的实际应用价值.     

定向多壁碳纳米管薄膜及其场致发射距离敏感特性

研究了定向生长的多壁碳纳米管薄膜场致发射的距离敏感特性,以改进现有场发射传感器中硅及金属针尖的性能。化学气相沉积方法制备的多壁碳纳米管薄膜表现出良好的尖端放电特性,其开启电场可至1.42 V/μm,阈值电场可至2.22 V/μm,通过计算得到的尖端电场增强因子可至4 034以上。随着发射间距的增加,场致发射电流非线性地降低,发射电流对发射间距的最大变化率为0.018 8μA/μm。通过拟合分析发现,场致发射电流随发射间距的变化基本符合Fow ler-N ordhe im关系,该特性可作为碳纳米管场致发射传感器的基本原理用于位移的检测。     

碳纳米管场发射器件放气特性分析及其对场发射性能的影响

为了研究场发射冷阴极电流跌落机制,采用四极质谱仪实时分析的方法研究了碳纳米管阴极场发射器件的放气特性及工作状态下器件内残余气体对阴极场发射性能的影响.结果表明:碳纳米管阴极场发射器件工作时,放出气体的主要成份是H_2,CO_2,CO;随着阴极发射电流密度的增加,气体成份的分压也随着增加.碳纳米管阴极的场发射性能,例如开启场强、阈值场强和场发射电流密度都与放出气体压强密切相关.碳纳米管阴极在压强为2.1×10~(-3)Pa的残余气体环境下工作1.5 h后,开启场强和阈值场强相应增加了29.4%和50.0%.阴极受残余气体影响,一方面阴极发射材料表面功函数增加;另一方面阴极发射体场增强因子减小.增大的功函数和减小的场增强因子降低了阴极的场发射性能.因此,场发射器件放气是阴极电流跌落的重要原因.     

氮气流量对氮化碳薄膜场到场致发射特性的影响

采用直流磁控溅射持方法，以镀Ti瓷片为衬底，改变N2和Ar的流量比，在衬底温度为400℃条件下制备了氮化碳薄膜，并对其场致发射特性进行了研究，样品的开启电压为 2．67V／μm，最大电流密度为17．31μA/cm^2，比在同一系统制备的碳膜和用阴极弧技术制备的氮化碳薄膜有更好的场发射特性。结果表明：溅射气体中氮气含量对氮化碳薄膜的场发射特性有较大的影响。     

碳纳米管场发射背阴极式三极结构及其模拟

提出了一种碳纳米管新型的背阴极式场发射三极结构.在这种结构中,带有孔阵列的薄玻璃基板作为阴极基板,碳纳米管阴极材料通过丝网印刷的方法装配在玻璃孔周围的阴极电极上.栅极电极则装配在阴极材料下方另一块基板上,在玻璃孔对面与之相对的则为覆盖有ITO电极和荧光粉层的阳极基板.在阳极基板上施加高电压,强电场则通过玻璃孔渗透到碳纳米管的表面使之发射,电子穿过玻璃通道轰击阳极,在栅极电极上施加反向电压用以减小阴极表面的电场从而关闭阴极发射达到调制效果.本文通过电场和电子轨迹的计算机模拟,验证此场发射三极结构的可行性并得出它的调制特性.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to