聚多氟烷氧基磺酰亚胺锂盐的合成及性能研究

得胜ＣＬ）２和不同的含氟二醇，合成了６个新的聚多氟烷氧基磺酰亚胺锂盐，并用ＩＲ，＾１ＨＮＭＲ，＾１９ＦＮＭＲ等进行了结构表征。经ＧＰＣ测定出这些多氟事物的重均相对分子质量为１２００～４９００，事度为ｎ＝４９。用ＤＳＣ研究表明，这些聚合物锂盐具有很好的热稳定性。电化学研究表明，它们在有机溶剂中的导电性能和阳极抗氧化性能均十分优越。     

含杂萘类三联苯结构聚芳酰胺酰亚胺合成与性能

采用 Yamazaki膦酰化聚合体系 ,以自制的新型二胺 2 -( 4 -氨基苯基 ) -4 -[4 -( 4 -氨基苯氧基 ) -联苯基 ]-二氮杂萘酮 -1 ( )为单体 ,与自制的芳香二酸进行直接溶液缩聚反应 ,高产率地合成了一类新型含杂萘类三联苯结构聚芳酰胺酰亚胺 .新型聚合物的特性粘度为0 .4 9～ 0 .80 d L .g- 1 ( DMAc,( 2 5± 0 .5 )℃ ) ;以 MS、FT-IR、1 HNMR等分析手段研究了二胺单体 及其聚合物的结构 ;利用 DSC、TGA研究了聚合物的耐热性能 .结果表明 ,新型聚芳酰胺酰亚胺具有高的玻璃化转变温度 ( Tg =5 90～ 6 2 8K) ,氮气氛中 1 0 %热质量损失温度在 71 0～ 74 4K,聚合物 PIa～ PId的表面电阻系数的数量级为 1 0 1 5Ω,体积电阻系数的数量级为 1 0 1 6Ω .cm.X-射线衍射证明所有聚合物均为无定型结构 .聚合物在二甲基甲酰胺、1 -甲基吡咯烷酮和间甲酚等极性有机溶剂中可溶解并能浇注得到透明韧性薄膜 .     

基于超支化聚醚的固体聚合物电解质性能研究

合成一种新型超支化聚醚类固体聚合物电解质. 通过交流阻抗技术测试分析了电解质的离子导电性能,结果表明:温度、锂盐添加量均对离子电导率有较大影响,当锂盐质量分数为30%时,电导率最高(80 ℃时5.45×10-4 S/cm;室温1.2×10-5 S/cm).     

裂解聚合物锂盐制备Li4 Ti5 O12电极材料

通过采用裂解聚合物锂盐和TiO2前驱体制备了电导率较高的Li4Ti5O12电极材料. 该合成方法以聚合物锂盐为碳源和锂源,避免了向反应物中引入额外的碳源,减少了反应相,从而更有利于制得物相均一、粒度小的电极材料. 以该方法制得的Li4Ti5O12/C复合材料作为锂离子电池负极材料,具有高倍率充放电特性.     

一种新型锂盐LiBOB在固态聚合物电解质中的应用

选用LiBOB作为掺杂盐,聚氧化乙烯(PEO)为主体,采用溶液浇铸法制备出不同组成的聚合物电解质膜,运用差热分析、电化学阻抗谱和计时电流进行测试.结果表明:LiBOB·(PEO)n聚合物电解质具有较好的导电性能,锂盐的浓度对体系的结晶度和导电性能有很大的影响.随着锂盐LiBOB浓度的增加,电导率呈现先上升后下降的趋势.当n(O):n(Li)=16:1时,LiBOB·(PEO)n聚合物电解质室温下的电导率达到最高,为5.8μS/cm,锂离子迁移数为0.39.     

LiNO3熔融盐Li+插入法对LiMn2O4的化学修饰——富锂尖晶石Li1+xMn2-xO4的合成

采用含锂熔融盐锂插入法对具有尖晶石结构的二次锂电池正极材料LiMn2O4进行化学修饰,得到了一系列富锂的锂锰氧化物,通过ICP分析和草酸-高锰酸钾标准返滴定法确定了LiMn2O4及其修饰产物的化学式.研究表明:利用LiNO3为熔盐能够对LiMn2O4进行有效的锂插入反应,得到富锂产物;随着反应温度的增加和反应时间的延长,产物的Li、Mn摩尔比均呈现逐渐增加的趋势,并且温度越高趋势越明显;但是过高温度和过长时间都会导致Li2MnO3的生成.     

苯甲酸锂、对苯二甲酸锂及均苯三甲酸锂的电化学性能

采用苯甲酸、对苯二甲酸、均苯三甲酸分别与氢氧化锂进行简单中和反应生成相应的苯甲酸锂、对苯二甲酸锂、均苯三甲酸锂.将这些盐作为有机负极嵌锂材料,研究其电化学性能.结果表明,苯甲酸锂、对苯二甲酸锂、均苯三甲酸锂电极材料在0.1C倍率下首次放电容量分别为250、340、268 mAh/g,50次循环后,其放电容量分别为75、100、60 mAh/g,表明对苯二甲酸锂电极材料循环前后放电容量最高.通过溶解性实验表明对苯二甲酸锂最难溶解在有机电解液中.对苯二甲酸锂能够通过O~-—Li…O~-键作用形成二维"大分子链"的结构,能有效抑制溶解.实验结果显示,对苯二甲酸锂电极材料有望成为锂离子电池有机负极材料.     

锂-累托石基锂硫电池复合正极材料的研究

在二次电池中,锂硫电池作为以硫为正极活性物质的电池形态,它具有原料环保且相对于其他传统材料更高比容量的特点。针对锂硫电池硫导电性差、膨胀率较大且充放电过程形成的多硫化锂易溶于电解液形成"穿梭效应"的不足,设计了一种以锂盐改性累托石为硫的宿主,碳硫复合的正极材料来改善锂硫电池的电化学性能。经测试,锂盐改性可以较大程度地疏通累托石的层间和孔道结构,增大比表面积和孔容,从而扩大硫在孔道中的负载空间,同时锂离子大量富集于材料中能有效提高充放电中离子和电子的传输。该改性正极复合材料在0. 1 C倍率下首圈循环充放电比容量为877 mAh/g,60圈后比容量衰减为653 mAh/g,容量保有率为74. 5%,说明材料中的成分能有效吸附多硫化物、抑制穿梭效应,使材料具有较好的循环稳定性。在电流密度0. 1、0. 2、0. 5、1 C下平均比容量分别为850、750、600和500 mAh/g左右,表现出良好的倍率性能。其电荷转移阻抗为63Ω,有利于电子电荷的传导。     

中性磷类萃取剂从卤水中萃取锂的研究

为回收卤水中的金属锂 ,在 Fe Cl3存在的条件下 ,通过实验研究中性磷类萃取剂萃取锂的效果 ,并研究萃取时间、温度、萃取剂浓度、金属盐 (Mg2 ,Na ,K )浓度、酸度对TBP-煤油体系从高镁锂比的模拟卤水中萃取锂的影响规律。在实验中向高镁锂比的模拟卤水中添加 Fe Cl3,比较了中性磷类萃取剂 TBP、 DBBP和 TOPO萃取锂的效果 ,结果表明 TBP对锂有非常显著的萃取效果 ,而 DBBP和 TOPO的萃取能力则很弱。 TBP-煤油体系萃取锂时较优的萃取条件为 :萃取时间约为 2 0 min,温度为 2 0～ 2 5℃ ,[Fe3 ]/[L i ]为 1.5～ 2 .0 ,TBP体积分数为 5 0 %～ 70 % ,Mg Cl2 浓度大于 3m ol/ L ,p H值约为 2 ,在萃取锂之前应先将钠盐和钾盐分离析出。     

不同锂盐电解液对磷酸亚铁锂电化学性能的影响研究

目的研究LiFePO4在不同锂盐电解液体系中的电化学性能。方法采用恒电流充电、放电和循环伏安方法来进行相关研究。结果在不同锂盐(LiClO4、LiBF4以及LiPF6)和不同碳酸酯混合溶剂(EC-DEC、EC-DMC或者PC-DMC)所组成的电解液中,电极材料在1 M LiClO4/EC-DMC和1 M LiPF6/EC-DMC电解液中的电化学性能较好。其中在1 M LiClO4/EC-DMC电解液中充放电容量最高,而在1 M LiBF4/EC-DMC电解液中的充电、放电容量最低。结论锂盐本身及电解液的电导率对磷酸亚铁锂电化学性能有较大的影响。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.