岩石高温轴向应力测试装置的研制

介绍了自行设计研制的岩石高温轴向应力测试装置的结构、设计过程.该应力测试装置是为研究煤炭地下气化炉围岩在高温下应力应变关系而设计的,它能测试20～1200℃下的岩石的热膨胀应力.     

矿岩应力波加载实验的电脑化数据采集处理系统

与凿岩爆破相当加载率下的岩石动态性能实验常采用能实现不同应力波形加载的水平冲击实验法。本文介绍了为这一装置而设计的一套电脑化数据采集处理系统,并就与之有关的几个问题进行了讨论。最后给出了一组应用该测试系统和软件检测及处理后的应力波形和岩石的动态应力应变关系全图。     

岩石变形参数测试装置

本装置与应变仪配套使用,可对岩石、煤、水泥、石膏、相似材料等各种试件的纵向和横向变形进行检测,并能自动连续绘制出上述试件的应力—应变曲线,它是一种测试单向压缩条件下试件变形参数的新型装置。     

高强度Q460钢焊接截面高温作用后残余应力

为了得到高温作用对高强度Q460钢焊接截面残余应力的影响,采用电炉对高强度Q460钢焊接H形和箱形截面构件进行升温后自然降温.采用切条法测试构件降温后残余应力的分布作为对比,测试了未升温试件的残余应力.试验得到了高温后焊接H形和箱形截面残余应力数值和不同温度后残余应力降低系数.采用有限元软件ANSYS分析了残余应力的降低对高温下Q460钢柱承载力的影响.研究表明:高温作用对焊接残余应力影响较大,升温温度越高,残余应力降低越大.残余应力的降低对高温下Q460钢柱的承载力产生明显影响,与不考虑残余应力变化相比,钢柱的承载力设计值可提高10%左右.     

石灰岩的SHPB试验研究

利用大直径（φ75 mm）分离式Hopkinson 压杆装置（SHPB）实验技术对石灰岩岩石试件进行了循环冲击实验,得到了石灰岩岩石冲击过程中的动态应力-应变曲线,定量研究了冲击过程中的能量耗散. 同时利用岩石损伤的超声波测试技术对应力波作用下的石灰岩损伤进行表征,并探究了不同冲击条件下石灰岩损伤和应力波波幅、石灰岩损伤和耗能值之间的关系. 在子弹长度相同条件下,石灰岩损伤和应力波波幅呈指数关系,且在累次冲击实验中得到印证. 石灰岩损伤与耗能值之间为简单的线性关系.      

彩色显像管玻壳的高温应力测试技术

介绍彩色显像管玻壳高温应力测试用新型高温电阻应变计的研制和有关测试技术，着重分析玻壳在排气炉中应力测试的方案、过程和结果。几个彩色显像管玻壳的高温应力测试在国内首次取得成功。测试结果表明：热应力是玻壳爆破的重要原因，而且热应力随排气过程中升降温速度加快而增大，甚至引发玻壳爆破。测试和有限元法分析都证实需要合理设计排气工艺中的升降温速度。     

基于氧化铝陶瓷的无线无源高温压力传感器的设计与制备

设计并制备了一种基于氧化铝陶瓷的无线无源高温压力传感器。首先在常温、压力测试范围为0~0.4 MPa的设计条件下,利用ANSYS仿真软件对所设计的结构进行了力学模型的分析,得出方形氧化铝陶瓷的最大等效应力小于最大许用应力;之后从切片与冲孔、叠片与热压、高温烧结、丝网印刷与后烧等主要工艺步骤介绍了基于氧化铝陶瓷压力传感器的制备方法;最后对其进行了导通性测试。所制备的压力传感器可用于常温下的压力检测和高温下的性能研究。     

一体化瞬态高温智能存储测试系统设计

为解决当前瞬态高温测试中存在的测试系统对瞬态高温参数信号响应速度慢、动态特性不足、设备布设及装置回收不便等问题,综合运用无线通信技术、数据采集与缓冲技术和存储测试技术,设计了一种通用一体化瞬态高温智能存储测试系统。该系统可用于特殊测试环境下瞬态高温参数的测试,并实时记录存储测试数据和处理结果。设计了基于蓝宝石黑体平面的瞬态高温敏感体、数据处理存储模块和无线模块,并将瞬态高温敏感体、数据处理存储模块和无线模块进行一体化设计。通过ZigBee模块对系统进行参数设置(上、下电、触发电平、测量范围等),使用AVR单片机和FPGA为主控芯片,解决了特殊测试环境下瞬态高温参数的测试采集问题。实际测试结果表明,该瞬态高温智能存储测试系统可准确获得被测温度场瞬态高温参数,具有无线遥控、微功耗、高精度、抗高冲击、抗干扰、微型化、工作稳定和可靠性高等特点,适于恶劣测试环境下瞬态高温参数的测试和记录。     

岩石类介质SHPB试验加载波形的数值分析

采用基于细观损伤力学基础而开发的动态岩石破裂过程分析系统RFPA2D对大直径SHPB装置中压杆的应力波弥散效应进行二维数值分析,讨论了矩形应力脉冲和三角形应力脉冲两种加载波形对弥散结果的影响.结果表明,基于细观损伤力学基础而开发的动态岩石破裂过程分析系统RFPA2D能够较真实地模拟SHPB试验中波形传播过程;在大直径SHPB实验技术中,由于压杆的横向泊松效应,波形在传播过程中的弥散现象明显;选择合适的加载波形可以有效降低SHPB装置中应力波的弥散效应,其中三角形波加载可以降低大直径SHPB动态测试中的应力波弥散,是岩石混凝土等非均匀材料SHPB动态测试的较理想加载波形.     

温度、压力对莺-琼盆地储层岩石物性影响的实验研究

为探讨温度、压力的变化对储层岩石物性的影响,利用高温高压岩石物性参数测试系统对莺-琼盆地中深层砂岩储层岩样进行了气体介质的变温及高温变围压孔隙度和渗透率测试。实验结果表明,莺-琼盆地储层岩石在高温下的热膨胀会造成岩石的孔隙度和渗透率出现轻微下降,热膨胀效应对孔隙度影响很小(变化率3%),对渗透率的影响相对明显(平均变化率8%),且喉道越小,影响越大。在高温条件下(170℃),压力因素引起孔隙度和渗透率的下降幅度要大于单一温度的影响,岩石孔隙度的变化主要受初始孔隙空间大小及泥质含量的控制,而高温条件对岩石的渗透率降低有抑制作用。实验岩石表现出的温度及压力敏感特性主要受岩石刚性颗粒含量及胶结强度的控制。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.