基坑分段支护设计及变形监测分析

以长春某深基坑支护工程为背景,对基坑支护体系设计与基坑变形监测进行论述和分析。根据基坑周边环境的复杂程度,基坑采用分段设计。在临近既有建筑和道路侧,分别采用桩锚、微管桩＋土钉墙＋预应力锚索的复合土钉墙支护及土钉墙支护3种形式。从基坑开挖监测角度,对支护结构顶部水平位移进行监测,对周围建筑进行了水平、沉降位移的观测,并对土体深部位移进行了监测。通过对监测结果的分析,证明复合土钉墙可有效控制变形,但在快速开挖的情况下,土钉墙对该基坑变形的控制效果较差,通过监测,及时处理了支护结构存在的危险,避免了事故的发生,证明了基坑监测的必要性。     

深基坑微型钢管桩复合土钉墙支护体系方案设计与施工

本文介绍了某工程基坑支护的方案选择、设计和施工过程,微型钢管桩 预应力锚杆 土钉墙的复合土钉墙支护体系在实际工程中取得的比较理想效果,说明其在深基坑支护中具有较大的技术和经济优势。     

仰斜超前微桩复合土钉墙支护机理分析

基坑工程中将微型桩与复合型土钉支护相结合的微桩复合土钉支护技术应用愈发广泛。基于现有的微型桩复合支护技术的作用机理、设计方法、稳定性分析等研究,将微型桩超前支护技术与传统仰斜式土钉墙相结合,构造了仰斜式超前微桩复合土钉墙支护体系。该支护采用仰斜式微桩结合复合土钉支护,同时运用超前加固技术形成仰斜式超前微桩复合土钉支护体系。不同于普通微桩复合土钉支护的地方在于该支护体系具有微桩仰斜、超前支撑以及微桩与复合面板相结合等特性。采用仰斜式微桩复合土钉支护明显有助于减小主动土压力。仰斜超前微桩复合土钉支护体系有效地改善了普通土钉支护结构的不足之处,并对支护技术应用范围的拓展起到了一定的促进作用。     

多种支护形式并用的深大基坑支护实例

为了使西北地区大深基坑设计更加合理,用合理的方法和技术去解决基坑支护工程中存在的问题。依托西宁市水井巷商务片区一期基坑工程,进行了多种基坑支护形式并用的优化设计研究,将原方案一桩到底优化为上部土钉墙+下部排桩锚杆联合支护体系。上部通过采用坡度尽可能缓的土钉墙,卸除土体荷载,有效地减小了主动土压力;下部采用在桩身最大弯矩处局部加密配筋优化的桩锚支护结构,同时将东西侧与北侧锚杆排数进行合理优化,有效地控制了基坑开挖过程中产生的变形,降低了工程造价。另外,土钉支护结构在该基坑的成功应用再次证明,多级土钉墙在深基坑工程中的应用有待进一步研究。     

桩-土钉墙组合支护在深基坑工程中的应用

排桩-土钉墙组合支护结构是复合土钉墙发展的趋势之一.本文通过与工程实例相结合来介绍其在深基坑支护中的应用.根据地质资料,对工程采用排桩和土钉墙支护相结合的支护措施,是一次成功的尝试.     

复杂环境下桩锚土钉复合支护分析

目的针对郑州地区某基坑工程存在电力隧道和防空洞等复杂情况进行研究,提出采用桩锚土钉复合支护体系处理该类深基坑的方法,为类似工程提供参考.方法采用有限元软件建立同时存在电力隧道和防空洞的深基坑桩锚土钉复合支护有限元模型,模拟分析复杂环境条件下基坑工程施工过程中支护结构坡顶竖向和水平位移、深层土体水平位移以及周边建筑物的沉降以及桩身位移及内力,并与相应的监测结果进行对比分析.结果施工过程中实测基坑坡顶水平最大位移20.6 mm,沉降7.4 mm、土体深层水平位移8.4 mm,周边建筑物沉降2.1 mm,均满足规范要求.结论深基坑工程存在电力隧道和防空洞的复杂环境条件下,采用桩锚土钉复合支护体系能满足基坑的安全稳定要求和周边建筑物的保护要求.     

桩锚与土钉联合支护结构的土压力分配机制

桩锚与土钉联合支护结构在控制基坑边壁侧移变形,减小环境影响,降低基坑支护施工难度,加快施工速度等方面具有明显技术优势,并在实际工程中得到成功应用,是目前常用的基坑支护形式之一.本文在比较桩锚与土钉各自技术特点基础上,分析研究了桩锚与土钉联合支护在基坑开挖施工过程中受力变形的发展过程,提出了联合支护结构中土压力的分配机制,为桩锚与土钉联合支护结构的设计计算提供了理论保证.     

某停车场深基坑支护方式的FLAC~(3D)模拟分析

目的为解决某停车场基坑不同支护方式的选择问题,对该基坑开挖状态的稳定性进行研究,为基坑工程设计与计算提供参考依据.方法运用岩土工程软件FLAC3D模拟某基坑在桩锚支护下以及疏排桩锚-土钉墙联合支护下的开挖状态,分析数值模拟所得的应力与位移等值线图.结果在桩锚支护下基坑土体最大水平位移约为15.5 mm,而在桩锚-土钉墙联合支护下,其最大水平位移增大到约21.4 mm.基坑的位移引起周围土体不同程度的沉降.结论该基坑土体位移的最大值出现在基坑边坡顶缘.桩锚支护与桩锚-土钉墙联合支护都能够有效地抵抗基坑土体位移,但桩锚支护的效果更好.     

复合土钉墙支护基坑颗粒流数值模拟研究

利用基于离散元理论的颗粒流软件PFC3d建立基坑开挖土钉支护的三维颗粒流模型,通过分析有复合土钉墙支护基坑和无复合土钉墙支护基坑数值模型的位移场和应力场,研究复合土钉支护基坑开挖过程的规律和土钉支护的机理。由于复合土钉的作用,复合土钉墙支护基坑和无复合土钉支护基坑在变形程度和变形模式等方面存在较大差异。复合土钉墙支护基坑挡墙变形较小,出现“两头小、中间大”的大肚状变形模式,坑底隆起量和墙后土体沉降量相对于无土钉墙支护基坑均较小。利用土拱效应来分析复合土钉支护机理,认为土钉支护作用不仅仅是土钉和土体之间相互拉拔作用,土拱效应才是复合土钉墙支护作用机理的关键。细观机理研究和颗粒流数值模拟为复合土钉墙支护基坑的机理研究提供新的思路和方法。     

浅谈建筑工程基坑支护施工技术

基坑的支护结构常见的形式有五种：地下排桩或地下连续墙、水泥土墙、土钉墙、逆作拱墙和放坡等。本文介绍了某住宅工程基坑开挖采用水泥搅拌桩作支护结构的工程实例,指出严格的施工和严密的监测是确保基坑工程成功的关键。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.