基于在线图修剪的网格地图寻路

跳点搜索算法(JPS)是网格地图上最先进的图形修剪技术,由Daniel Harabor在2011年开发。它是A*的变种,提高了A*在等价网格上寻路的速度,当考虑当前节点的孩子可能被添加到OPEN集合时候,跳点搜索算法则直接从当前节点跳跃到了远处可见的节点。本文给出了跳点搜索算法的两个规则,并通过实证分析,将跳点搜索算法与两个先进的搜索空间约化算法进行了对比。结果显示:跳点搜索算法相对于Swamps(保持最优性的修剪技术)来说有显著地改进;同样,相对于很多情况下性能上占优的HPA*(次优寻路算法)也具有优越性。     

基于打破对称性的快速寻路算法

基于Java实现了跳点搜索算法,给出了算法实现的过程.实验结果表明:跳点搜索算法找到了一条从起始节点到目标节点的最优路径,且能够有效地识别和消除网格地图上的路径对称性,大幅度减少了节点扩展的数量.对比A*、宽度优先搜索、最佳优先搜索和Dijkstra可知,在所求解的路径长度一致的情况下,跳点搜索在平均搜索时间上显著快于其他算法.因此,跳点搜索是快速、高效的.     

基于跳点搜索算法的网格地图寻路

等价网格环境下的寻路问题普遍存在于机器人、电子游戏等应用领域.其中,最先进的技术都被分层寻路算法所主导,这些算法速度快且内存开销较小,但通常返回的路径都是次优的.本文提出了一个新颖的、特定于网格的搜索策略,该策略速度快、最优且无需内存开销,其算法可以描述为一个宏算符,该宏算符识别和有选择地扩展网格地图上的仅仅某些节点,我们称之为跳点,连接两个跳点的路径上的中间节点将不再被扩展.我们将证明该方法计算出的解总是优解的;然后,进行了深入的实证分析,并将我们的方法与其他文献上的相关工作做对比.我们发现利用跳点进行搜索能将A＊算法的速度提高一个数量级甚至更多;同时,我们报告了跳点搜索相对于当前最先进的技术而言有明显的改进.     

一种面向非结构化环境的改进跳点搜索路径规划算法

为解决非结构化复杂场景下基于搜索的寻路算法中存在的计算时间长、路径非最优等问题,在跳点搜索(jump point search,JPS)算法的基础上,提出一种带权重的跳点搜索(weighted jump point search,WJPS)算法.WJPS算法改进了启发式函数,同时采用非传统的距离表达,最终实现了在保证全局路径最短的同时,降低了计算时间.为了验证WJPS算法的有效性,设计了多种非结构化复杂场景地图,对A?、JPS算法和WJPS算法在寻路时间、扩展点数和路径长度3方面进行了对比.实验结果显示,相比A?算法和JPS算法,WJPS算法在复杂环境中能保证生成路径是最短的,同时利用JPS跳点算法中寻找拓展点的策略,能够实现毫秒级别的规划,且算法效率能够满足智能体对路径规划层的要求.另外,WJPS算法采用微分平坦法对生成的路径点作曲线拟合,使智能体的运动轨迹更加平滑.     

面向移动机器人快速全局路径规划的改进跳点搜索算法

针对传统全局路径规划算法计算量大,寻路时间过长等问题,为了进一步提高移动机器人综合作业能力,本文提出了一种基于跳点搜索算法的快速全局路径规划算法,旨在减少时间成本,以满足移动机器人在实际复杂环境中对智能性、高效性、安全性和可靠性的要求。首先通过“块”操作方法,在一次搜索中快速扫描底层网格中的一个区域,将跳点搜索算法的修剪规则一次应用于多个节点,减少搜寻跳点时所涉及的大部分迭代计算,并在采取“对角优先”方式的前提下,剔除仅具有改变方向的中间转折点,大量减少Openlist和Closedlist的不必要节点,减少计算量,提高路径规划的实时性。为了验证改进算法的有效性与可行性,分别在规则的网格地图、测试库基准地图及移动机器人Turtlebot2进行仿真实验验证,结果表明在生成相同路径的基础上,改进跳点搜索算法与A*算法相比扩展节点数目缩减了68.9%,搜索耗费时间降低了71.9%;与传统跳点搜索算法相比,扩展节点数目缩减了41.3%,搜索耗费时间降低了33.4%,能够满足移动机器人快速全局路径规划的要求。     

基于密度分类的JPS+移动机器人全局路径规划算法

近年来,跳点搜索(Jump Point Search, JPS)算法在移动机器人的全局路径规划中得到广泛运用,但其本身存在计算量较大、用时较长等问题。因而有人又提出了通过地图预处理提高效率的JPS+算法,但仍然在计算量和用时上有改进空间。针对业界存在的现实问题,首先介绍了JPS+的主要工作,并对JPS+算法进行了详尽分析,继而阐明了本文提出的两点改进策略。一是引入了一种基于密度的判断障碍物角点规则,进而减少主要跳点的数量；二是在进行最短路径求解过程中对目标跳点的判定规则进行了修改,从而实现了减少计算量、缩短计算时长的目标。为验证所提改进型JPS+算法的有效性,将JPS+算法在不同类型地图中与改进型JPS+算法进行了比较。仿真结果表明,改进型JPS+算法在多种地图中均能有效提高搜索速度,路径规划也十分合理,由此证明所提改进型JPS+算法对于全局路径规划具有实用价值和推广意义。     

融合插点和跳跃点改进A*算法的路径规划

为了解决传统A*算法在路径规划中存在的一些问题,提出了一种融合插值点跳跃搜索路径算法来改进A*算法。在对栅格环境图中具有特殊意义的多组数据进行预处理后,通过起始点和目标点确定目标函数,并搜索出一条最优路径。利用MATLAB软件平台对8组规格不同的环境图进行了路径规划仿真。实验结果表明,改进后的算法可以减少计算时间、搜索节点数量、内存占用和搜索路径长度。可见改进后的算法在搜寻最佳路径方面的效率更高。     

基于同步可视图构造和A~*算法的全局路径规划

为提高全局路径规划的效率,在路径搜索的过程中同步构造可视图,提出了1种新的算法。在搜索过程中,使用A~*算法确定待扩展的节点。根据节点状态,构造上一节点到当前节点或者当前节点到目标点的连线。如果该连线没有穿越障碍物,则将其添加到可视图中,否则将被穿越障碍物远离连线的2个顶点添加到待扩展列表中。仿真结果表明,与完整可视图+A~*算法、导向可视图(OVG)+A~*算法、简化可视图+A~*算法比较,该文算法在能够搜索到最优路径的前提下,降低了路径规划的耗时。     

基于双向同时无碰撞检测目标偏置RRT算法的路径规划方法

针对传统RRT算法在复杂环境中对不必要区域的搜索和路径规划的时间代价过高等问题,提出了一种双向同时无碰撞检测目标偏置快速扩展随机树算法——TNCG RRT*。该算法将B RRT*中的双向搜索策略和BIT*中的启发式搜索融合作为文中的基础算法,引入神经网络的批量抓取数量决定一次采样的节点数目从而影响采样速度;然后,将正向树和反向树的扩展同时进行以加快路径搜索速度,通过对目标偏向策略中扩展顶点队列的改进和对采样区域的不断更新明确扩展方向,缩小随机树生长的范围;最后,利用3次B样条曲线使生成的路径趋于平滑。与B RRT算法和BIT*算法进行对比实验,实验结果表明:TNCG RRT*算法在路径生成时间上缩短4.5%,剪枝数增加80%,路径代价（即路径长度）缩短9%,证明了TNCG RRT*算法的有效性。     

基于A*和Bresenham相结合的网络游戏寻路算法设计与实现

网络游戏寻路算法主要是解决角色以最佳的方式走到指定地点的问题.该文首先介绍了一种基于启发式搜索的A*算法和获得直线路径的Bresenham算法,并结合游戏地图,给出网络游戏寻路算法及其具体实现方法.结果表明,A*算法结合Bresenham算法实现寻路提高了目标搜索的效率,从而突显了游戏角色和怪兽的智能性,增强了游戏的可玩性.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to