财政分权与欠发达地区公共文化供给——以中国西北六省(区)为例

财政分权作为一项重要财政制度安排在公共文化服务供给中发挥重要作用.文章首先采用因子分析方法构建公共文化服务供给水平综合评价指标体系,对西北六省(区) 2009—2016年公共文化服务供给水平综合得分进行分析;其次,运用全面FGLS实证检验财政分权对西北六省(区)公共文化服务水平的影响.结果表明,财政收入分权与财政支出分权均对西北六省(区)公共文化服务供给产生正向激励作用,且财政支出分权的作用力度大于财政收入分权.据此提出完善财政分权改革、优化经济发展结构等建议,以提升西北地区公共文化服务供给水平.     

我国体育公共服务均等化的实现路径研究

体育公共服务均等化的实现依赖于社会、经济、政治的协调发展,由于我国现阶段所面临的困难还很复杂,需要科学、全面地认识和把握现阶段我国体育公共服务均等化的实现路径。在社会层面,要消除身份传统的影响,建立公民社会;＂以人为本＂,重塑我国体育核心价值取向;切实保护弱势群体体育利益;大力发展弱势群体的体育非营利组织。在经济层面,须加快政府向市场的分权,推进体育公共服务市场化;完善和规范政府间纵向财政关系、积极推进体育公共财政管理改革;加大对体育公共服务的投入,首先保证基本体育公共服务均等化;建立一视同仁的体育公共服务供给制度;建立无差别的体育公共服务成本分担机制。在政治层面,要加强政府转型,建设服务型政府;加快民主政治制度建设,建立群众体育需求表达机制;取消全运会,让地方政府＂眼光向下＂;明确划分各级政府的事权和财权。     

中国农村基本公共服务供给水平时空分异及影响 因素研究

为了解中国农村基本公共服务供给水平的分布格局及动态演变规律,构建综合评价指 标体系,运用熵值法确认指标权重,测算2016—2020年中国31个省份的农村基本公共服务供给水 平,并运用Kernel密度估计法和标准差椭圆技术分析其时空演变,采用Dagum基尼系数法和方差 分解测算农村基本公共服务供给水平的空间差异来源和结构差异来源,进而分析农村基本公共服 务供给水平演变的影响因素。研究发现,2016—2020年中国整体及其东、中、西部地区农村基本公 共服务供给水平呈上升趋势但省域间绝对差异逐渐增大;空间演变呈现空间区位分布扩散的趋势 且分布重心呈现偏西向南的移动走势;农村基本公共服务供给水平总体空间差异逐渐扩大,且差 异主要来源于地区间差异,地区内差异较低,超变密度差异最小;环境保护是结构差异的主要来 源;经济发展水平会显著促进农村基本公共服务供给水平提升,而财政自主能力、城镇化水平、数 字金融普惠水平和交通发展水平会显著抑制其发展,产业结构造成的影响不显著。     

中国基本公共服务均等化程度评价——基于2011年省际截面数据的因子分析

构建基本公共服务均等化评价体系,利用因子分析法对我国30个地区的基本公共服务均等化水平进行了实证研究.结果表明,我国基本公共服务均等化整体水平较低,区域差异比较明显,东、中部地区的公共服务水平远高于西部地区.我国各地区公共服务水平主要受地区经济基础、财政转移支付力度、政府政策价值取向等因素的影响.在此基础上,提出了促进我国基本公共服务均等化的建议.     

财政分权对地方财政科技投入的影响研究

基于2006～2017年我国31个省(市、自治区)的数据,建立动态面板数据,运用广义矩估计(GMM)方法,从收入分权和支出分权两个角度实证分析财政分权对地方财政科技投入的影响。研究结果显示:收入角度下的财政分权显著地促进地方政府科技投入,支出角度下的财政分权却显著抑制地方政府科技投入,地方政府竞争促进科技投入,但是财政分权与政府竞争的交互影响却对科技投入产生抑制作用。根据实证结果,提出扩大地方政府财权、调整当前地方政府政绩考核体系和强化科技政策的法律效力等政策建议。     

福建省基本公共服务均等化的对策研究

基本公共服务均等化是实现全面建设小康社会目标的重要途径。在阐述基本公共服务、基本公共服务均等化涵义的基础上,分析了推进基本公共服务均等化的意义;并针对福建省基本公共服务供给的现状,提出了建立公共服务型政府、改善财政支出结构、完善政府间转移支付制度与绩效考核评价机制以及完备基本公共服务供给体系等推进基本公共服务均等化的对策,以促进福建省和谐社会的建设。     

财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响—基于区域技术创新的遮掩效应

财政分权体现了中央赋予地方政府在税收、预算以及债务安排等方面的自主权,是地区经济稳步增长的保障。基于1999—2019年的省级面板数据,实证分析了财政分权对于城乡收入差距的影响。结果表明:财政分权虽然能够显著缩小城乡收入差距,并促进区域技术创新能力的提升,但由于区域技术创新能力会对城乡收入差距产生正向影响,最终将导致财政分权对城乡收入差距总效应的损失。分地区考察发现,财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响以及区域技术创新能力的遮掩效应存在地区异质性。在东部地区,财政分权对城乡收入差距的影响不显著;在中西部地区,财政分权能够显著缩小城乡收入差距。关键词:财政分权;技术创新;城乡收入差距;遮掩效应     

东莞基本公共服务更高水平发展研究

聚焦于环境保护、公共教育、公共医疗卫生、公共文体等领域,对东莞基本公共服务状况进行研究。研究结果表明,随着经济地位的提升,东莞基本公共服务建设取得较大成效,同时,基本公共服务存在服务资源总量不足、服务质量不高、结构不均衡三大问题。在深入分析基础上,提出了扩大资源供给、提升供给质量、形成多元化供给机制、加大财政投入力度、强化政府主体责任等对策建议,以推动东莞基本公共服务向更高水平发展。     

面向地级政府的分权及其增长效应

在我国,上级政府的分权包括财政分权和行政分权,现有的研究主要关注的是财政分权在省级政府层面的影响．对于财政分权和行政分权对地级行政区的经济增长的影响,利用我国2002年到2006年的地级行政区域的数据进行了实证检验．结果显示,财政分权能够促进地区经济增长,而且东部地区的效果要优于西部地区,而行政分权对经济增长既有有利的一面,又有不利的一面,在东部地区其综合效应为负,西部地区综合效应则为正．     

财政分权视角下地方政府竞争对环境污染的影响

基于中国2007—2017年的省级面板数据,采用废水排放总量与SO2排放量衡量环境污染程度,使用固定效应模型探究财政分权视角下地方政府竞争对环境污染的影响.实证结果表明:1)财政分权与环境污染程度的回归系数为正,表明财政分权度的提升会对环境造成负面影响; 2)地方政府竞争与环境污染程度的回归系数为负,而财政分权与地方政府竞争两者交互项与环境污染程度的回归系数为正,表明地方政府竞争对生态环境质量的影响受财政分权制度的制约; 3)环境保护支出和财政分权与环境保护支出两者交互项均与环境污染程度呈正相关,表明环保支出能够改善环境.基于此提出几点建议.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.