用户界面管理系统的现状与挑战

介绍了用户界面管理系统（ＵＩＭＳ）的一般结构，讨论了ＵＩＭＳ的特性和设计中存在的问题，比较了几种对话模型描述对话的能力，最后评价了现有的面向对象应用程序框架的性能     

利用对话模型引导的对话生成推荐

对话推荐技术旨在通过与用户的对话交互完成高质量的信息推荐.针对已有研究存在的对话目标预测准确性不高的问题，提出一种利用对话模型引导的对话生成推荐(dialogue guided recommendation of dialogue generation， DGRDG)模型.首先，利用对话模型生成对话目标，通过经典的Seq2Seq模型融合输入的对话历史、用户画像以及知识信息来生成对话目标；其次，提出目标重规划策略(goal replan policy， GRP)来修正生成的对话目标，以提高对话目标预测的准确率.在DuRecDial数据集上进行实验的结果表明，对话目标生成模块在引入目标重规划策略后，对话目标预测的准确率提高了3.93%；总体模型在BLEU，DISTINCT，F1以及人工评价指标上具有较好的效果.     

基于对话的多Agent协作交互模型

针对传统协作设计过程中任务分解、任务分配的随意性和盲目性,提出了一种基于对话的多智能体协作交互模型.初始承担者首先通过信息搜索对话,依次询问设计辅助智能体的专业领域及参与完成设计任务的能力、愿望和机会,以确定其能否作为潜在的协作组成员,然后选用劝说对话,依次劝说潜在协作组成员把实现设计任务作为其意图,最后再次以劝说对话的形式,使潜在协作组成员意识到组内其他成员也都拥有承担设计任务的独立意图和相关意图,以联合信念的形式予以确认,并广播到每个成员.给出了一个达成的对话过程,总结了对话模式的效用与代价公式.实际应用表明,所提对话交互模型在没有固定消息顺序的情况下,可限制每个点上的可能响应,同时其Agent可以表达特定言语行为的态度,并产生这一态度的逻辑推理过程.     

基于BERT的跨领域任务型对话状态跟踪方法

对话状态跟踪(Dialogue State Tracking, DST)是任务型对话系统的核心模块，主要实现在对话过程中跟踪用户意图的功能。为了提升对话状态跟踪在跨领域场景下的性能，本文提出了一种基于BERT(Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers)模型的对话状态跟踪方法，该方法考虑了领域与槽之间的相关性，让模型在对话过程中学习领域信息，并使领域信息参与到槽值的生成过程之中。我们在两个跨领域的任务型对话数据集上进行了综合实验，包括中文数据集CrossWOZ和英文数据集MultiWOZ 2.4,模型在CrossWOZ和MultiWOZ 2.4中分别取得了63.51%和70.17%的联合目标准确率。实验结果表明，本文提出的方法在跨领域场景下有较高的性能表现。     

走向"对话"的思想政治教学

从后现代视角阐释对话及对话教学，以及探讨思想政治对话教学的特征及理论基础，提出了创设对话情景、设计对话与选择内容、角色扮演等思想政治对话教学的几点设想。     

基于多信息感知的多方对话问答方法

目前基于多方对话文本的自动问答任务侧重于探索对话结构信息或说话者角色信息,忽视问题文本和对话文本的交互。针对这一问题,提出一个融合多信息的全新模型。该模型使用图卷积神经网络,对多方对话文本中的话语结构、说话者角色以及问题–上下文信息进行分层次建模,并设计合理的基于注意力机制的交互层,通过选择更有帮助的信息,加强对多方对话文本的理解。此外,该模型首次对问题和上下文间的显式交互给予关注。实验结果表明,所提模型的性能优于多个基线模型,实现对多方对话文本的深层次理解。     

事件驱动用户界面的规范设计方法

给出了一种从实际人机交互行为到用户界面规范的设计方法。方法建立在以AIP单元为基本单元的面向对象用户界面结构模型和扩充的着色网对话模型的基础上。人机交互行为由动作次序表达式的集合定义。人机交互行为作为概念规范可转换成着色网对话模型。在事件驱动的并发、多线索应用环境的支持下,Petri网对并发性的描述能力及模型引入的语义活动异步执行机制,能自然而灵活地实现多线索对话及用户界面与应用过程间的并发执行。在这里,着色网起着人机交互规范模型和执行模型两种作用。这种可执行的规范模型平滑了从系统规范到实现的过渡过程。     

人机语声对话特点及系统设计

本文将分析人机语声对话的特点，讨论人机语声对话系统中的若干研究问题，并介绍为进一步进行人机语声对话系统的研究，设计一个基本型的人机语声对话系统的技术指标和技术策略。     

管道式对话系统研究进展及其在医疗领域应用

随着人工智能技术的快速发展,任务型对话系统成为了人机交互领域的热点研究方向。管道式方法是其一种经典的设计框架,在任务型对话系统的研究和应用中扮演着重要角色。本文对管道式任务型对话系统的研究进展进行了综述,并重点探讨了其在医疗领域的应用。首先介绍管道式对话系统各模块的基本原理、评价指标以及常用的数据集。然后,梳理了近年来深度学习技术在管道式对话系统研究中取得的重要进展,并进一步归纳了所用模型的优缺点。接着,重点关注了管道式对话系统在医疗领域的应用,并讨论了医疗对话系统的需求和挑战。最后,对全文进行总结并展望了未来的研究方向和发展趋势。     

"对话"在语文阅读教学中的应用

鉴于“对话”在教育中的重要价值，2001年新课程标准中给予其重要位置，“对话”融入到了阅读教学理念、教学设计、教学过程中。许多专家学者对“对话”理论在语文阅读教学中的应用进行了多方面的研究。对“对话”在语文阅读教学中的应用进行综述，旨在给语文教师提供很好的教学理念，让他们更多地参与进来，丰富其教学经验，帮助其更好地教学。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…