酸改性高岭土的结构与性能的研究

通过高温煅烧处理龙岩高岭土,再经盐酸抽提改性可以制备酸活白土.采用XRD、BET、IR等方法研究了酸改性后酸活白土的结构和性能.实验表明,适量浓度的酸处理有利于增加高岭土表面酸的数量,且使所得酸活白土的平均孔径有所提高,孔分布更为集中,孔洞数量和比表面积大大增加.     

M-（CuO-ZnO-MnO2）/ZSM-5催化剂合成二甲醚性能研究

用浸渍法制备了以(CuO-ZnO-MnO2)/ZSM-5为基体,含Co、Cd、Ni、Ce、Zr助剂的系列催化剂,在连续加压微分反应器中考查了它们对甲醇脱水合成二甲醚催化性能.研究发现:CuO-ZnO-MnO2-NiO/ZSM-5在温度280℃左右、压强为2.2 MPa下催化性能最好,二甲醚转化率达42.935%.     

PET/高岭土纳米复合材料的制备与表征

使用二甲亚砜(DMSO)改性高岭土,改性的高岭土与聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯通过熔融挤出的方法制得复合材料.利用X射线衍射(XRD),红外光谱分析的方法验证其为纳米复合材料,再利用DSC和偏光显微镜研究该复合材料的热性能和结晶性能.     

CuMn2O4/HZSM-5催化二甲醚水蒸气重整制氢的试验研究

摘要： 搭建了二甲醚水蒸气重整制氢的小样模拟台架,并制备了二甲醚重整制氢催化剂.研究了不同水解活性组分、甲醇重整活性组分和煅烧温度下的尖晶石复合催化剂对二甲醚水蒸气催化重整制氢性能的影响.结果发现：不同水解活性组分中,HZSM 5（硅铝摩尔比r=n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=38）的双功能催化剂的H2产率最高;甲醇重整活性组分中,铜锰尖晶石结构催化组分（CuMn2O4）的双功能催化剂的H2产率最高;煅烧温度对CuMn2O4双功能催化剂的催化效果有明显影响,其中煅烧温度为700 °C时H2产率最高.     

有机醇介质中盐酸对马铃薯淀粉性质的影响

以无水甲醇、无水乙醇、异丙醇及正丁醇作溶剂,用盐酸对马铃薯淀粉进行改性.研究了马铃薯淀粉在有机醇溶液中酸改性前后的物化性质.结果表明:经酸处理的马铃薯淀粉随有机醇介质(从甲醇到正丁醇)碳原子数量的增加,颗粒表面逐步出现裂纹直到产生碎片,冻融稳定性依次减弱,透明度依次增强,黏度依次减小,溶解度逐渐增加,膨胀度逐渐降低.以上结果表明酸在不同有机醇介质中对淀粉的作用程度从甲醇到丁醇依次增强.     

酸改性高岭土催化合成乳酸正丁酯的研究

研制了盐酸改性高岭土催化剂，并用其催化合成乳酸正丁酯，讨论了催化剂用量、催化时间以及酸醇配比对乳酸转化率的影响，实验表明盐酸改性高岭土催化剂对乳酸正丁酯的合成具有催化活性高、催化剂容易回收，价格低廉等优点。     

管壳型二甲醚合成反应器的二维数学模型

以CO加氢、CO2加氢合成甲醇和甲醇脱水生成二甲醚反应为关键反应,CO、CO2和二甲醚为关键组分,建立了管壳型二甲醚合成反应器的二维数学模型,用二维正交配置法求得催化床内各组分浓度和床层温度随轴向和径向分布,模拟计算了反应器的操作性能。结果表明:操作压力、入塔气量对催化床轴向温度分布有较大影响,反应进口温度对反应影响不大,径向温度差基本在2~4°C,径向浓度差一般不超过0.1%。     

高比表面改性煤系高岭土吸附次甲基蓝的研究

以高比表面改性煤系高岭土为吸附剂,分析了吸附时间、吸附剂用量、pH和染料初始浓度等因素对改性煤系高岭土吸附次甲基蓝染料的影响,并对改性煤系高岭土的再生效果进行了研究.静态吸附结果表明:改性煤系高岭土的用量为0.2g;pH为6.012时,改性煤系高岭土对次甲基蓝有较好的吸附;吸附时间取30min为宜.改性煤系高岭土对次甲基蓝的吸附等温线拟合结果表明,该吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温式,属于单分子层吸附,改性煤系高岭土对次甲基蓝的吸附符合拟二级动力学方程.     

钴离子交换SAPO-5分子筛催化空气氧化苯甲醇制苯甲醛

探索过渡金属离子交换分子筛催化空气氧化苯甲醇制苯甲醛的绿色、多相催化反应体系.研究结果表明,CoSAPO-5在催化空气氧化苯甲醇制苯甲醛的反应中表现出优异的催化活性,苯甲醇的转化率为82.5%,苯甲醛的选择性为64.3%.循环使用实验表明此催化剂是稳定的、可多次重复使用的多相催化剂.     

用钨杂多酸／膨润土催化剂催化合成丙酸乙酯

膨润土不经传统的交联反应，直接进行改性，经钨杂多酸处理制得催化剂，用连续流动法气－固相催化合成的丙酸乙酯，获得了很好的催化效果，用吡啶吸附红外、ＳＥＭ、ＩＣＰ、ＤＴＡ等手段表片了催化剂。同时对丙酸和乙醇反应动力学条件进行了探讨，得出获得高酯产率的适宜反应条件。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.