基于改进SIFT算法的无人机遥感影像快速拼接

近几十年来,无人机遥感在地球观测领域发展十分迅速,然而,无人机影像快速拼接是阻碍其应用的难题.针对无人机遥感影像的特点与SIFT(scale invariant feature transform)拼接算法的缺点,该文提出了一种基于随机抽样一致性算法RANSAC(random sample consensus)和最小二乘匹配改进的SIFT影像拼接算法.首先采用随机采样法RANSAC进行粗略匹配数据的提纯,剔除伪特征点对,以减少特征点数量,降低时耗;然后再以最小二乘匹配进行更加精确的匹配,最终实现了无人机影像的自动拼接.实验结果表明：基于RANSAC和最小二乘匹配改进的SIFT拼接算法的平均正确匹配率为92.8%,拼接精度由1个像元提高到0.1个像元,同时拼接运算效率也得到了较大的提升.经改进的SIFT拼接算法在海量特征数据库中可以进行快速、准确的匹配、甚至可以达到实时的要求,具有更强的鲁棒性,可以满足低空遥感影像的相对定向高度自动化的需要,应用前景广阔.     

一种基于ORB算法的无人机影像匹配

针对无人机影像局部区域特征点探测难度大,导致无人机影像匹配效果不佳等问题,通过引入BEBLID算法构建高效的二值描述符,提升了影像匹配率。该算法首先采用ORB算法检测特征点,其次采用FLANN快速搜索筛选特征点,最后利用BEBLID描述符以及采用RANSAC算法剔除误匹配,从而实现了无人机影像的高精度匹配。试验结果表明:在保证有足够特征点对的前提下,将ORB+BEBLID算法应用于两组无人机影像匹配中,影像匹配率分别为81.97%和89.72%,相比ORB算法分别提高13.60%和9.90%。验证了ORB+BEBLID算法在无人机影像匹配中的有效性,获得的正确特征匹配点对冗余度低、全局性优。     

一种基于局部灰度匹配的无人机图像拼接算法

结合无人机图像的特点,开发了一种基于局部灰度匹配的图像拼接算法.根据无人机的飞行数据,对无人机图像进行预处理,缩小了特征点的搜索范围.然后利用图像的局部灰度算法,对提取的角特征点进行快速匹配.最后在运行速度以及特征点的匹配准确率等方面对算法进行了评价.试验结果表明,该算法较大幅度地提高了程序的运行速度,能够达到无人机图像处理的实时性的要求.该算法对无人机图像的工业化处理有帮助.     

应用于无人机视频影像密集匹配的特征描述方法

为了降低无人机视频影像密集匹配的消耗时间, 提高处理效率, 提出快速的特征描述和特征匹配方法。该方法首先利用Harris算子检测角点, 然后通过特征描述符simplified-DASIY(S-DASIY)对检测角点进行特征描述, 生成该点的25维特征描述符。根据相应的匹配准则对影像对特征点进行匹配, 得到影像对的匹配点。实验表明, 该方法能够显著减少特征点的生成和匹配时间。     

基于改进SIFT的无人机航拍图像快速匹配

针对无人机航拍图像快速匹配问题,传统的SIFT算法复杂度高,处理时间长,为了满足实时性的要求,提出一种改进的SIFT算法.首先将特征点的矩形区域改为圆形区域,对描述子进行降维,然后借助绝对距离和余弦相似度进行双重匹配,最后再通过RANSAC算法剔除误匹配点.实验证明,改进的SIFT算法在尺度缩放、旋转、光照等情况下均有良好的匹配效果,与原算法相比,在保证匹配精度的同时很好的提高了匹配速率,验证了算法的实时性、有效性.     

基于改进SIFT算法的无人机影像匹配

针对SIFT算法特征描述符计算复杂、时间效率较低的问题,提出了一种改进的SIFT算法,并将其应用于无人机倾斜影像匹配.算法首先利用SIFT算法进行特征点检测,基于BRISK描述符对提取的特征点进行描述生成其特征描述符,并基于Hamming距离作为特征匹配的相似性测度,在此基础上,利用比值提纯法(NNDR)进行粗匹配,最后采用RANSAC算法并结合均方根误差(RMSE)进行约束,对粗匹配结果进行筛选,剔除错误匹配点对,得到精确匹配结果.为了验证该算法的有效性,利用4组无人机影像数据进行实验并与SIFT算法和SURF算法进行比较,结果表明:算法在保证较高准确率的同时能够得到亚像素级的精度,且能够有效地提升时间效率,具有较好的稳定性.     

基于Harris-改进LBP的特征匹配及目标定位算法

为满足机器人伺服抓取中定位精度和实时性的要求, 提出一种基于Harris及改进局部二值模式(LBP)的特征匹配和目标定位快速算法. 首先采用Harris检测算法提取图像特征点; 然后提出一种新的特征点描述子定义方法, 先利用胡矩确定特征方向, 再根据特征方向对局部图像做标准化处理, 提取标准化局部图像LBP特征作为特征点描述子; 最后通过计算两张图像中各特征点描述子间的汉明距离实现特征匹配, 再根据匹配结果估计单应性矩阵, 定位目标在场景图像中的位置. 实验结果表明, 该算法匹配速度快、 定位精度高.     

一种基于特征表达的无人机影像匹配像对提取方法

针对无人机(unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV)影像三维重建中匹配像对提取适应性差、效率低、需准确的先验知识等问题,提出一种基于特征表达的无人机影像匹配像对提取方法。首先利用SiftGPU算法对一组无人机影像进行尺度不变特征转换(scale-invariant feature transform, SIFT)特征提取。其次,对SIFT特征向量集合构建分层词汇树,并分别计算各个影像与影像集中各影像的综合权重因子并按得分大小进行排序。最后,自适应计算影像检索阈值,得到最终的影像匹配像对。通过对不同地形地貌的无人机影像进行试验。实验结果表明:所提方法能快速、有效获取查询影像的匹配像对。与常规词汇树检索方法相比,查准率提高了19%～24%,查全率提高了17.4%～30.9%。尤其针对海量的无人机影像数据,所提方法具有更高的处理效率。     

基于优化ORB算法的图像角点特征匹配方法

针对传统ORB算法的图像角点特征匹配精度不高的问题,提出基于优化ORB算法的图像角点特征匹配方法;首先使用Shi-Tomasi算法检测图像角点特征,然后使用BRIEF和SURF相融合算法生成图像角点特征双描述子序列并使用随机投影原理进行降维,最后使用优化的匹配算法进行匹配,简称ShiTomasi-SURFORB算法,仿真实验通过统计角点特征数、角点特征匹配数、角点特征正确匹配数、角点特征匹配精度、角点特征匹配精度率、图像匹配时间和图像匹配时间率共7个指标进行分析;分析结果表明:ShiTomasi-SURFORB算法与传统ORB算法相比,在图像角点特征匹配时间方面提升了9.46%,但在图像角点特征匹配精度方面提升了8.88%,为图像角点特征匹配提供了一种更加均衡的解决方案。     

基于Harris角点与SIFT的快速图像匹配算法

针对基于局部特征的图像匹配算法,当图像发生较大的旋转变化时此算法会发生匹配率下降的问题,并且随着时间、场景、遮挡、光线的变化,图像的特征会发生模糊变化,这将严重影响匹配率,因此提出了一种基于Harris角点与SIFT的快速图像匹配算法,该算法用Harris检测图像的角点,在角点邻域内筛选SIFT特征点,并且利用高斯圆形窗口对筛选过的特征点建立低维描述子.该算法不仅具备了Harris算法的高稳定性而且兼顾了SIFT算法对于旋转变化较大的图像也有着高匹配率的特性.仿真结果表明,与SIFT算法相比,本文提出的算法不仅匹配速度快,而且在图像发生模糊变化、旋转变化的情况下可得到高匹配率.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.