聚苯胺电致变色薄膜的制备及性能

以苯胺单体为原料,采用电化学沉积法在玻璃衬底FTO导电薄膜上合成聚苯胺电致变色薄膜.采用恒电流法,研究苯胺单体浓度、酸的种类、电沉积时间、电流密度等对薄膜制备及电致变色性能的影响,确定合成聚苯胺薄膜的最佳条件.结果表明,聚苯胺电致变化薄膜的最佳制备条件是0.15,mol/L苯胺单体的1,mol/L硫酸溶液,以10,μA/cm2的电流密度电沉积40,min.该条件下制备的薄膜的着色效率较无机电致变色薄膜高,但仅能循环105次.     

硫酸浓度对聚苯胺电合成的影响

采用循环伏安法,研究了不同浓度硫酸对苯胺在铂电极上电化学聚合的影响,初步探讨了聚合机理.结果表明:用循环伏安法合成聚苯胺(PAN)时,控制电位在-0.260～0.860 V(vs SCE)之间,扫描速率为100mV·s-1.苯胺浓度为0.20 mol.L-1,随着硫酸浓度升高,苯胺的聚合反应速率加快,PAN的电化学活性增强;循环伏安曲线对称性比较好,硫酸和苯胺组成的电解液具有优良的氧化还原可逆性.     

层状聚苯胺/氧化镍复合纳米片的制备及电容性能

采用电化学沉积法,以十二烷基硫酸钠、苯甲醇、硫酸、苯胺和氯化镍溶液形成的层状液晶为模板,制备层状聚苯胺/氧化镍(PANI/NiO)复合纳米片,并应用SEM,XRD和FTIR对该复合材料进行了表征.实验结果表明,当苯胺与0.2mol·L~(-1)氯化镍溶液的质量比为5:6时,可得到具有层状结构的PANI/NiO复合纳米材料;循环伏安、恒流充放电和交流阻抗测试结果表明,该层状结构纳米材料具有较好的电容性能.     

丹宁酸掺杂聚苯胺膜修饰铂电极的电化学特性及应用

在酸性条件(HClO4溶液)下,比较了聚苯胺膜(PAn)和丹宁酸掺杂聚苯胺膜(PAn/TA)的聚合过程和聚合膜的电化学性质,以及不同厚度的丹宁酸掺杂聚苯胺膜修饰铂电极在中性溶液(PBS)中抑制Fe(CN)63-氧化的能力.发现在浓度为5.0mmol·L-1丹宁酸、0.1mol·L-1苯胺,1.0mol·L-1高氯酸的条件下,聚合32圈得到的聚合膜修饰电极对Fe(CN)63-和抗坏血酸(AA)在PBS缓冲溶液中的氧化抑制作用最好,而Ru(NH3)63 和多巴胺(DA)的氧化电流却几乎没有受到影响.     

导电聚苯胺膜在模拟PEMFC环境下的腐蚀性能

在由0.5mol/L H2SO4和0.5mol/L苯胺组成的溶液体系中,采用恒电位方法在316L不锈钢双极板表面电化学合成了导电聚苯胺(PANI)薄膜。用红外光谱技术研究了聚苯胺膜的化学键和状态,用扫描电子显微镜观察了聚苯胺膜的表面形貌。以1mol/L H2SO4及2ppM NaF的混合溶液作为模拟质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)工作条件下的腐蚀介质,控制温度在70℃,用电化学技术研究了聚苯胺膜的腐蚀行为。红外光谱测量结果显示,不锈钢基底上沉积的聚合物膜是聚苯胺。扫描电子显微镜观察表明,在0.8V电压下得到的聚苯胺膜较为均匀致密。极化曲线和电化学阻抗测量结果表明,聚苯胺膜能够显著提高不锈钢双极板的耐腐蚀性能。     

沉积于钛网的聚苯胺用于半透明柔性电化学电容电极的性能研究

以苯胺的硫酸溶液为电化学沉积液,钛网为电沉积基底材料,用恒电流沉积法在钛网上电沉积导电聚苯胺(PANI)。通过控制恒电流沉积时间控制沉积于钛网上的PANI量,并通过循环伏安法测试不同电极的面积比电容,优化了恒电流法在钛网上沉积PANI的最佳时间。以优化的电沉积时间制备的PANI/Ti为活性电极,以H2SO4/聚乙烯醇(H2SO4/PVA)为凝胶电解质组装了半透明柔性的电化学电容器,并通过循环伏安法、恒电流充放电法和电化学阻抗法研究了半透明柔性电容器的电化学性能。结果表明最佳的PANI/Ti电极的电活性材料的面积比电容最大可达25mF·cm~(-2),拥有良好的柔性与透光性,且在充放电时存在电致变色现象。     

聚苯胺的合成及性能

分别采用脉冲极化法和恒电流法聚苯胶膜的峰值电流合成聚苯胺,用循环伏安曲线对它的电化学性质进行表征,研究了温度对聚苯胺膜的峰值电流的影响.研究结果表明:脉冲极化法合成的聚苯胺膜在循环伏安曲线上的峰值电流比恒电流法合成的高,电化学活性强.扫描电镜照片表明这2种方法合成的膜结构不同,脉冲极化法合成的聚苯胺膜在介质条件分别为0.5 mol/L H2SO4和1 mol/L HNO3水溶液中合成的膜结构均为纤维状,且在HNO3介质条件下膜纤维形状更好,纤维长度更长;恒电流法合成的聚苯胺呈颗粒状.温度越高,聚苯胺膜的峰值电流越大,电化学活性越强,聚苯胺在对应电位时的电化学储能能力越强.     

水热法制备Co3O4及其超电容性能的研究

以硝酸钴为原料、尿素为沉淀剂、柠檬酸三纳为模板,用水热法制备了Co3O4,并采用循环伏安、恒流充放电等方法研究了样品的电化学性能.结果表明,Co3O4电极在6mol·L-1KOH溶液中、在0～0.4V电位范围内、电流密度为5mA·cm2时,单电级比电容可达900F·g-1.     

PANI/MWNTs复合材料的合成及电容性能

以苯胺(PANI)和多壁碳管(MWNTs)为原料,采用原位聚合法合成聚苯胺,使聚苯胺均匀包覆在碳管表面,得到PANI/MWNTs复合材料.在1mol/L H2SO4电解液中,以甘汞电极为参比电极,通过循环伏安、恒流充放电测试其电化学特性.结果表明,当电流密度在1A/g时,复合材料的比电容达到241.6F/g,远大于纯碳...     

离子液体-三维石墨烯复合材料修饰电极的制备及其电容性能的研究

利用水热还原法制备了多孔三维石墨烯(3DGR),按不同质量比将其和离子液体(IL)[BMIM]PF_6混合后制备IL-3DGR复合材料,滴涂于玻碳电极(GCE)表面制备出相应的修饰电极(IL-3DGR/GCE).运用循环伏安法、交流阻抗法和恒电流充放电法测试了复合材料的电化学性能,考察其电容性能的优劣.结果表明3DGR与[BMIM]PF_6质量比为1∶125的复合材料的性能最佳.在1.0 mol·L~(-1)KOH溶液中,以0.15 m A·cm~(-2)电流密度进行1000次充放电循环测试,其最终比电容量为2.46m F·cm~(-2),容量保持率达82.02%,表现出较好的电容性能.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to