氧化沟膜生物反应器处理城市污水试验研究

通过小试,研究了氧化沟膜生物反应器对城市污水的处理效果与运行特性．结果表明,在水力停留时间(HRT)为4h,曝气/停曝时间为90min／30min等试验条件下,氧化沟膜生物反应器对城市污水中的DOC,CODc,,NH4-N,T—N和T—P等的平均去除率分别达到75％,90％,95％,80％和50％;氧化沟膜生物反应器具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力,当进水CODCr由265mg／L增加到1000mg／L时,出水CODCr仍能维持在100mg／L以下;在停运30d后,这种膜生物反应器去除有机物的性能在2d内可恢复,去除氨氮的性能在8d内可恢复;在3种膜清洗方法中,化学清洗效果最好,水力清洗效果次之,曝气清洗效果最差．     

C/N值对SBBR脱氮效果的影响

本文采用SBBR反应器处理人工模拟废水,考察在不同C/N值条件下反应器的处理效果及氮的转化情况。试验结果表明,在室温条件下,进水氨氮浓度为120mg/L左右,保持溶解氧在2.0-2.5mg/L,运行方式为2.5(曝气)-1.5(停曝)-2.5(曝气)-1.5(停曝),当C/N值为5、6时系统脱氮效果最好,且系统主要脱氮方式为同步硝化反硝化和短程硝化反硝化。     

两种不同填料BAF进行污水深度处理的效能及运行特性

填料性能对曝气生物滤池的处理效能、基建投资和运行费用等有着重要的影响，为了考察国产球形生物陶粒在污水深度处理中的应用效果，探讨其工程应用前景，对国产球形生物陶粒和进口专利填料BIOLITES在曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理城市污水厂二级出水的应用效果及反应器运行特征进行了对比研究。试验结果表明，国产球形生物陶粒与进口专利BIOLITES填料BAF对城市污水厂二级出水中COD、浊度和NH3-N的去除效能基本相同，平均去除率与水力停留时间呈正相关关系，当水力停留时间为2h时，两种填料BAF处理水水质均满足生活杂用水水质标准。国产球形生物陶粒BAF在运行周期和反冲洗等方面比进口专利BIOLITES填料稍具优势。     

匹配厌氧氨氧化SBR亚硝化反应器快速启动影响因子研究

目的研究匹配厌氧氨氧化的SBR亚硝化反应器快速启动的影响因子,寻求快速稳定的工艺启动条件.方法在序批式活性污泥法(SBR)反应器中,对不同因素条件下氨氮去除率和亚硝态氮累积率的影响进行研究,分别采用纳氏试剂分光光度法和N-(1-萘基)-乙二胺光度法检测NH~+_4-N和NO~-_2-N的变化情况.结果曝气30 min/停曝30 min的间歇曝气方式进行曝气,控制温度在32℃左右,调节pH值在7.5~8.0,减少碳源的投加量有利于SBR亚硝化反应器的启动.结论间歇曝气、pH值和碳源投加量的适宜条件有助于匹配厌氧氨氧化SBR亚硝化反应器快速启动,还具有节能功效.     

曝气生物滤池处理城市污水的试验研究

通过试验研究了曝气生物滤池(BAF)处理城市污水的效果,考察了曝气生物滤池对悬浮物、COD的去除特性及氨氮的硝化率,同时考察了环境因素对BAF运行的影响规律.试验结果表明,BAF可以有效的去除城市污水中SS、COD及氨氮等.     

序批式膜生物反应器的膜过滤特性

探索序批式膜生物反应器(SMBR)处理生活污水的工艺条件,考察曝气时间和静沉时间对有机碳总含量(TOC)及浊度去除效果的影响,研究曝气量对超滤处理SMBR出水临界通量的影响以及混凝-絮凝-超滤处理MBR出水过滤污染物的性能。结果表明:在SMBR中,当曝气时间为5 h,静沉时间为1.5 h时,TOC去除率均在90%以上;曝气量对临界通量的影响较大,当曝气量为100 L/h时,临界通量为39.7 L/(m2·h)。     

牡蛎壳填料曝气生物滤池去除水源水中的氨氮

采用以牡蛎壳为填料的内循环曝气生物滤池,对模拟水源水中氨氮进行处理,考察了水力停留时间、曝气量、pH值等因素对氨氮去除效果的影响.结果表明,该系统在水力停留时间为4 h,曝气量为2.0 L/min,pH=7.5~8.0的最佳条件下,对氨氮的去除率达到90%以上,出水氨氮浓度达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)中Ⅱ类水体的水质标准.可见,牡蛎壳是一种较好的曝气生物滤池填料,内循环可以显著提高曝气生物滤池脱氮效果.     

溶解氧浓度对好氧阶段生物脱氮途径的影响

采用连续流一体化生物反应器(CIBR)系统,研究了4种曝气量(0.3,0.6,0.9和1.2 m3/h)对好氧阶段生物脱氮途径的影响.实验结果表明:当曝气量为0.3 m3/h时硝化反应未能顺利进行,其余3种曝气量下均顺利完成硝化反应,曝气量越大,硝化速率越大;总氮(TN)损失量分析表明低曝气量有利于同步硝化反硝化(SND)的发生,当曝气量为0.3 m3/h时TN损失量高达9.76 mg·L-1,当曝气量高于0.3 m3/h时以传统硝化作用为主.研究表明溶解氧(DO)质量浓度影响生物脱氮途径的根本原因是DO影响了氨氧化菌(AOB)、亚硝酸盐氧化菌(NOB)和反硝化菌(DB)的活性,可通过在线控制方式实现各种脱氮途径.     

旋涡气浮—高效水解—填料/活性污泥复合床—曝气生物活性炭滤池处理宰鸡废水

结合工程实例,本文介绍采用旋涡气浮—高效水解—填料/活性污泥复合床—曝气生物活性炭滤池对宰鸡废水进行处理。运行结果表明,本工艺运行稳定,处理效果好,出水水质符合《辽宁省污水综合排放标准》(DB21/1627-2008)中的直排标准。     

双层滤料生物滤池去除城市污水中CODCr和NH3-N的试验研究

研究炉渣-沸石双层滤料曝气生物滤池处理城市污水中CODCr和NH3-N的去除效果,试验结果表明:滤池中两种滤料显示出良好的互补性,滤池对CODCr和NH3-N的去除率稳定;污染冲击负荷对滤池的去除效率影响较小;最优滤池运行参数为气水比2∶1,水力停留时间12 h,反冲洗周期5-6 d;反冲洗后需稳定12 h滤池的处理效率方能恢复到80%以上.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.