酵母原生质体融合的研究

本文报道了酵母原生质体的制备、再生及融合过程.培养亲株对数生长早期的细胞(浓度为2.5×10~7细胞/ml),在1.5-2%蜗牛酶及0.1%β-巯基乙醇的作用下,45-60分钟后,原生质体的形成率可达99-100%,在35%聚乙二醇(分子量为6000)和10mMCaCl_2溶液的作用下进行融合实验,可得融合率为2.6×10~(-6)-2.1×10~(-7),它是自发回复突变率的100-1000倍.     

酿酒酵母的双亲株原生质体灭活融合研究

把两株酿酒酵母(saccharomyces cerevisiae)S_1、S_2的原生质体分别用紫外线(U.V)和碘乙酰胺灭活或只用紫外线灭活,经PEG诱导融合后,在完全培养基上得到了融合子。融合频率为(0.98-2.13)×10~(-7)。融合子的细胞形态、DNA含量等都和亲株有明显差别,并在生产特性上有某些改进。     

L-肾上腺素对侧耳的生理效应

以侧耳(Pleurotus SP.)8405为实验菌株,研究了 L-肾上腺素对菌丝生长、子实体形成及多酚氧化酶、纤维素酶和呼吸强度的影响.实验结果表明:当培养基中 L-肾上腺素的浓度为5.5×10~(-7)～5.5×10~(-5)mol/L 时,侧耳8405菌丝生长快、生物学效率高,原基形成早,子实体数目和鲜重增加.当浓度为5.5×10~(-4)mol/L 时,对菌丝生长和子实体形成则有抑制作用.L-肾上腺素促进侧耳生长发育的效应同胞外多酚氧化酶、纤维素酶和呼吸强度之间有一定的联系.     

抗药标记酿酒酵母菌株间原生质体融合的研究

酵母属中的一些种是生产单细胞蛋白的主要菌株,通过遗传工程选育高赖氨酸酵母有重要的理论意义和价值,采用100mg/ml蜗牛酶制备亲株的原生质体,在35%聚乙二醇(MW6000)的作用下,成功地获得了酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)的株间融合重组子,融合频率为10~(-8)-10~(-7),经过五代的移接验证,融合子稳定,融合子抗药性产生叠加效应,个体形态发生了变化,DNA含量加倍,赖氨酸含量有所提高.     

抗伊氏锥虫单克隆抗体的研究——一、分泌抗伊氏锥虫单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株的建立

为了对伊氏锥虫病的免疫诊断提供有价值的单克隆抗体,笔者通过了3次SP2/0骨髓瘤细胞与伊氏锥虫抗原免疫的BALB/c小鼠脾细胞间的融合试验和多次筛选以及克隆化,建立起7株分泌单克隆抗体的杂交瘤细胞株。对其中ⅡG_6杂交瘤作了进一步的检定分析,用ⅡG_6上清液对T.e.抗原进行ELISA试验,显示出高度的特异性,与血吸虫、弓形虫抗原均未出现交叉反应。ELISA测试ⅡG_6细胞株培养上清效价为1:5.1×10~3,而杂交瘤细胞接种BALB/c小鼠诱生腹水抗体的效价为1:1.6×10~7。该株单克隆抗体免疫球蛋白的类型鉴定属IgG_1亚类。该株细胞已在体外培养下,稳定地分泌特异性抗体至少达6个月之久,同时在液氮冻存近8个月之后仍能保持分泌抗体的能力。     

{MoOS3Cu3 （PPh3）3Cl}的合成及晶体结构

本文合成并测定了{MoOS_3Cu_3(PPh_3)C1}的晶体结构,簇合物属正交晶系,空间群为P_(212121)晶胞参数:a=12.833(5)×10~(-10)m,b=17.552(5)×10~(-10)m,c=22.778(7)×10~(-10)m;Z=4。结构用直接法解出,经最小二乘法修正,偏离因子R=0.069.     

啤酒酵母和异常汉逊酵母属间原生质体融合

本文探索了用不可逆生化抑制剂(碘乙酸)抑制—亲株细胞某些酶活性的同时,利用两亲株细胞生理性差异作为啤洒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)和异常汉逊酵母(Hansenula anomala)原生质体融合选择性标记的可行性。结果表明这一选择系统简便、可靠和适用。属间原生质体融合率为1.48-2.25×10~8。经菌落形态比较,碳化合物的发酵和同化,DNA含量测定,酯酶型分析,细胞核染色和自然核分离实验,结果表明从选择性培养基上筛选到的菌株分为三种类型:84.4％异常汉逊酵母型:10.4％啤酒酵母型:5.2％是真正核融合子型。本文还讨论了三种类型菌株出现的机理。     

利用菊粉产山梨醇酵母融合菌株的构建

介绍高产菊粉酶的克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromycessp.)Y85菌株与产山梨醇的酿酒酵母(Saccharomycescerevisiae)E15菌株,通过属间原生质体融合构建直接利用菊粉产山梨醇的酵母融合菌株.结果认为,以0.1%EDTA-巯基乙醇为脱壁预处理剂,蜗牛酶浓度2%(W/V),酶解温度30℃,E15和Y85两菌株细胞酶解时间分别为40min和30min,原生质体形成率和再生率分别达90%和25%以上.融合的适宜条件为添加30%(W/V)PEG和10mmol/LCaCl2,融合时间为30min,融合率可达2.64×10-6以上.利用两亲株自然性状差异检出融合菌株,并经DNA含量、菊粉酶活性、细胞形态与大小、菌落形态等测定加以确证.其中F27融合菌株在适宜条件下,山梨醇摇瓶发酵产量可达4.87g/100mL,并且具有遗传稳定性能.     

光合细菌种间原生质体融合及融合子鉴定

以浓度为3mg/l的溶菌酶溶液处理对数生长期的光合细菌球形红假单胞菌(丙酸钠~-)和沼泽红假单胞菌(甘露糖醇~-)50min,获得两菌体形成的原生质体,再生率分别为86％和62％。等量的两亲株原生质体在35％聚乙二醇(PEG,MW.6000)诱导下融合5min,融合率为2.1×10~(-4)。经影印法鉴定,生成的融合子可以分别在丙酸钠和甘露糖醇为唯一碳源的培养基上生长。融合子的体积为3.63um~3,约为两亲株的体积之和。融合子菌落形态特征界于两亲株之间,其降解底物中有机物COD_(cr)的能力,优于任一亲本菌株。获得的融合子杂种细胞,存在着高效降解利用机污染物的优势。     

降解聚乙烯醇菌株原生质体的制备及融合

从自然界中分离得到 4株能降解聚乙烯醇 (PVA)的细菌 ,经紫外线诱变 ,得到两株具有单重抗药性的突变菌株S7(Strr,Kans)和K15 (Strs,Kanr) .系统分析了各种因素对原生质体制备率以及再生率的影响 ;将S7和K15作为亲本菌株进行原生质体融合 ,并通过正交试验 ,对原生质体融合的条件进行优化 ,使融合率达到 4 .6 0 3× 10 - 5.融合子F4菌株培养成活性污泥后 ,PVA降解率可达 87% ,是普通活性污泥的 3～ 4倍     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…