油酸改性甲基葡萄糖酰胺的合成及其性能

以油酸、葡萄糖、甲胺等为原料合成一种新型非离子表面活性剂油酸改性甲基葡萄糖酰胺.考察了影响酰胺化反应的主要因素并对产物进行红外光谱分析,测定其临界胶束浓度及在临界胶束浓度下的表面张力值.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:甲基葡萄糖酰胺和油酸的摩尔比为2.5,反应时间为8h,反应温度为90℃,催化剂用量占油酸用量的摩尔分数为1.5%.在此优化条件下合成的产物在25℃水溶液体系中的临界胶束浓度值和临界胶束浓度时的表面张力值分别为0.046mmol/L和26.7mN/m,表明产物油酸改性甲基葡萄糖酰胺具有很高的表面活性.     

CaO-Al2O3-SiO2熔渣表面张力的计算模型

根据炉渣结构的共存理论与ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２熔渣在不同温度和成分下实测表面张力值，制定了本渣系表面张力与熔渣各结构单元作用浓度及温度间关系的计算模型，计算结果符合实际，证明该模型可以反映本渣系表面张力随熔渣作用浓度和温度而变化的规律。     

水的表面张力系数与温度的新关系式研究

为便于测试对比和工程应用,该文在收集大量数据的基础上,对水的表面张力系数与温度的关系进行了线性和非线性二次拟合分析,获得了水的表面张力系数实验值和公认值与温度的新型关系式.结果显示,0-30℃之间的数据占77.11%,水的表面张力系数的实验值与温度的线性、非线性二次拟合计算值与公认值的偏差较小,分别在[-0.465,0.365]m N/m和[0.128,0.180]m N/m之间.实验值的拟合计算值与公认值高度吻合,且二次拟合的精确度比线性拟合的精确度更高.30-80℃之间,数据点较少,二者的偏差有所增大,分别在[0.365,0.692]m N/m和[0.170,1.180]m N/m之间.     

3-烷氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基溴化铵表面活性的研究

用滴体积法测定了不同温度下新型阳离子表面活性剂 3 -烷氧基 -2 -羟基丙基三甲基溴化铵的表面张力 ,根据有关公式 ,计算出不同温度下的表面吸附量和热力学函数的变化值 .研究发现 ,同系物的临界胶束浓度随碳链的增加、温度的升高而降低 .胶束的形成为一自发的吸热过程     

Al-Mg-Zn三元合金表面张力的估算

运用Butler方程,结合CALPHAD优化后的过剩吉布斯自由能,计算了973 K温度下, Al-Mg, Mg-Zn, Al-Zn二元合金的表面张力.结果表明,在Al熔体中加入金属Mg和Zn,可降低该液态合金的表面张力.在此基础上,利用Chou模型计算了Al-Mg-Zn三元合金的表面张力.结果表明, Al-Mg-Zn三元合金表面张力计算值范围为0.575～0.864 N/m,且随着Mg含量的增加,表面张力减小.对比了二元及三元合金表面张力的计算值与实验值,误差在5%以内.     

离子液体N-丙基-吡啶二氰胺盐[C3py][DCA]水溶液的体积和表面性质

在T=(288.15～318.15)K温度范围内,测定了不同质量摩尔浓度的离子液体N-丙基-吡啶二氰胺[C_3py][DCA]水溶液的密度和表面张力。根据密度值计算了不同浓度[C_3py][DCA]水溶液的平均摩尔体积和热膨胀系数,水溶液平均摩尔体积随着温度和质量浓度的升高而增大,热膨胀系数随着温度的升高而增大。并提出了一种估算水溶液表面张力的经验方程。预测值与实验值具有较好的一致性。     

莲子浆的酶解条件探索研究

通过α-淀粉酶、葡萄糖淀粉酶、胰蛋白酶处理莲子浆,探索出了酶解莲子浆的最佳工艺条件.实验表明,在pH值为6.5,温度95℃下α-淀粉酶水解的最佳条件为酶与底物之比为24U/g莲子、底物浓度5%、水解时间为30min;在pH值为4.0,温度60℃下葡萄糖淀粉酶糖化的最佳条件为酶与底物之比为10000U/g莲子,底物浓度为11%,时间为11hr;在pH值为7.5,温度40℃下胰蛋白酶水解的最佳条件为酶与底物之比为16 000U/g莲子、底物浓度5%、水解时间为5hr.水解率可达56.25%,可得澄清透明的莲子原液.     

凝血酶活力影响因素的初步研究

为探讨凝血酶的最佳作用条件,提高其止血效果,以标准凝血酶为原料,在不同温度、pH值、Ca2 浓度、底物浓度和酶浓度下研究其酶活性的变化.结果显示:凝血酶的最佳作用温度为37℃,最适pH值为7到9,最适Ca2 浓度为0.01mol/L,纤维蛋白原浓度为0.1%,凝血酶浓度为1u/mL.     

羟丙基纤维素在水溶液中聚集行为的温度效应与焓/熵补偿

测定了不同温度下HPC水溶液表面张力随浓度变化曲线.热力学计算结果表明HPC在水溶液中聚集过程表现出焓/熵补偿现象.补偿温度为Tc=298.06K.     

非离子型Gemini表面活性剂的表面活性与固液界面吸附特性研究

利用最大泡压法和静态吸附实验测定了烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚型Gemini表面活性剂(GSmn)和壬基酚聚氧乙烯(10)醚(S910)在40℃下的表面张力,考察了Gemini表面活性剂的分子结构对其表面活性及其在固液界面吸附特性的影响.实验结果表明,在一定温度下,当GSmn的亲水基团相同时,其临界胶束浓度和最低表面张力均随烷基链长的增加而降低;疏水基相同时,GSmn的氧乙烯基数越多,临界胶束浓度越高,最低表面张力越低.S910与GS910的界面活性相近,但后者更易在溶液表面吸附.GSmn在高岭土上的饱和吸附量随GSmn烷基链长度的增加而增加,随氧乙烯基数增加而降低;GS910在高岭土上的饱和吸附量比S910低.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.