部分剪力连接的橡胶集料混凝土-钢组合梁疲劳性能试验研究

为研究橡胶集料混凝土-钢组合梁的疲劳性能,对6个试件进行疲劳试验.试验考虑了橡胶集料混凝土、剪力连接程度、栓钉直径及截面尺寸对组合梁疲劳寿命、损伤累积及破坏模式的影响.试验测试并分析了组合梁在不同荷载循环次数下的混凝土应变、残余滑移、残余挠度、滑移刚度及弯曲刚度.试验结果表明:部分剪力连接的组合梁在疲劳过程中不符合平截面假定;组合梁的疲劳破坏模式为剪跨区栓钉剪断,破坏具有较大的延性;橡胶集料混凝土能有效减小裂缝宽度,明显提高疲劳寿命,并增大残余滑移,表现出更好的延性;增大剪力连接程度可提高组合梁的疲劳寿命,并降低刚度退化作用;较大的栓钉直径使组合梁疲劳性能降低,并表现出较大的塑性.研究成果可为橡胶集料混凝土在组合梁中的应用提供依据.     

弹性混凝土与钢组合梁的疲劳性能分析及寿命预测

基于8个组合梁试件的疲劳试验结果,采用有限元计算与名义应力法相结合的方法,提出用于模拟滑移和疲劳破坏过程的精细有限元模型和计算方法.研究了混凝土中不同橡胶掺量对组合梁极限承载力、最大滑移、栓钉应力及破坏特征的影响,得到相应的应力-疲劳寿命曲线.结果表明,简支组合梁的疲劳破坏首先发生在端部栓钉,破坏过程为栓钉依次断裂.虽然疲劳断裂为脆性破坏,但组合梁在疲劳荷载作用下的整体破坏具有一定的延性.使用弹性混凝土代替普通混凝土后,组合梁的极限承载力和刚度略有降低,但延性有所提高;当橡胶掺量为5%,10%和15%时,疲劳寿命分别提高约15%,64%和125%.基于非线性数值分析得到的组合梁极限承载力和疲劳寿命与试验所测结果吻合较好,为组合梁的抗疲劳设计提供了参考.     

单调荷载下体外预应力钢-混凝土组合梁的受力性能

基于3根模型梁试件的单调静力试验,对体外预应力钢-混凝土组合梁的受力性能进行了研究.研究表明:施加体外预应力可以有效提高组合梁的抗弯承载力,但试件的延性有所降低;试件纯弯段截面应变分布符合平截面假定;增大栓钉间距可以提高试件的极限变形能力,但对其抗弯承载力的影响不大;试件的抗剪连接程度越低,达到极限荷载时栓钉滑移值越大.结合试验并通过有限元建模,分析了混凝土强度等级、有效预应力、预应力筋线型、栓钉间距等对体外预应力组合梁受力性能的影响.最后,在考虑了预应力筋作用的基础上,提出了体外预应力组合梁抗弯承载力的简化计算方法,该方法可为体外预应力组合梁的设计计算提供参考.     

钢-混凝土组合梁纵向抗剪非线性分析

在钢-混凝土组合梁中,栓钉传递的剪力作用在混凝土板上,当横向钢筋配筋率低于一定值时,混凝土板会发生纵向剪切破坏,从而会导致组合梁的极限承载力降低,不能充分发挥组合梁的优势.采用了ANSYS软件对组合梁进行了非线性有限元分析,并结合试验结果探讨了横向钢筋对组合梁极限受弯承载力的影响,同时对组合梁的挠度及滑移进行了分析.计算结果表明,为保证组合梁混凝土板不发生纵向抗剪破坏,横向钢筋配筋率应不小于0.6%,利用给出的模型可反映出栓钉对混凝土板的作用.     

剪力钉连接件拉剪复合作用试验及计算模型

为了明确钢-混组合梁桥中剪力钉连接件在拉剪共同作用下的承载性能,设计并进行了5组高强混凝土剪力钉抗拉、抗剪和拉剪复合作用模型试验,得到了剪力钉的荷载-滑移曲线,分析比较了不同荷载条件下剪力钉的破坏模式与抗剪性能。结合试验结果,推导了拉力作用下剪力钉弹性变形阶段、塑性发展阶段的荷载-滑移关系式,提出了拉剪复合作用荷载-滑移关系三折线形计算模型;基于试验结果和相关文献数据,分析评价了不同规范中剪力钉抗拉、抗剪承载力的计算公式,并提出了改进的拉剪复合作用承载力关系式。研究结果表明:拉剪复合作用下,试件抗剪承载力随拉力的增加显著减小,当拉力施力比为0.6时,抗剪承载力较纯剪切状态减小约31%;拉力会导致剪力钉的弹性剪切刚度下降,但对滑移性能的影响没有明显规律。提出的改进拉剪复合作用承载力计算公式与相关试验数据吻合较好;建立的三折线形模型计算结果安全,能准确预测拉剪复合作用下剪力钉连接件荷载-滑移曲线的发展规律,体现拉力对剪切刚度和抗剪承载力的折减作用。     

钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的性能试验

对钢与普通混凝土组合梁的栓钉连接件和钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁的栓钉连接件进行推出试验.研究钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的抗剪性能,并和钢与普通混凝土组合梁的栓钉连接件的抗剪性能进行对比.通过比较分析发现:钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力高于钢与普通混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的抗剪承载力;钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的极限承载力对应的滑移值明显大于钢与普通混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件的极限承载力对应的滑移值.对钢与钢纤维混凝土组合梁栓钉连接件抗剪承载能力的理论计算提出建议.     

钢-混凝土预制板组合梁的组合性能

通过制作了12个推出试件,研究了栓钉连接件在不同工作环境下的抗剪承载力及其抗滑移性能;并对不同孔型、不同抗剪连接度的3根钢-混凝土预制板组合梁进行了静力性能试验,对比分析了钢-混凝土预制板组合梁的荷载-滑移、荷载-挠度、荷载-组合梁全截面应变及截面整体工作性能.结果表明:预留后灌孔为方孔推出试件的栓钉承载力比圆孔好;孔内填充混凝土强度对栓钉承载力影响很大,孔内混凝土强度高则栓钉承载力好;3根试验梁的截面应变分布满足平截面假定的要求,且均为弯曲破坏形式;组合梁具有良好的组合效应及受弯性能,完全抗剪连接的组合梁与部分抗剪的承载力接近,但完全抗剪组合梁钢梁与混凝土板界面间得滑移值明显小于后者.本文结果将增进对钢-混凝土预制板组合梁的理解和认识,为今后改进该类型梁工程设计提供有价值的参考.     

后结合预应力组合梁负弯矩区混凝土开裂性能试验

为了研究后结合预应力技术改善混凝土桥面板组合梁在负弯矩作用下的受力性能,特别是混凝土的开裂性能,设计制作了2根组合梁(一根是常规混凝土桥面板组合梁,另一根是后结合预应力混凝土桥面板组合梁),进行了2根组合梁的静力试验.测试了在不同荷载作用下组合梁的变形、不同截面上构件的应变分布、混凝土的裂缝、钢与混凝土之间的相对滑移以及极限承载力等.试验结果表明:后结合预应力混凝土板连续组合梁的初始开裂荷载和正常使用状态的极限荷载分别是普通连续组合梁的3.87倍和5.38倍,说明采用后结合预应力混凝土桥面板能够大大提高组合梁负弯矩区混凝土的抗裂性能.     

部分充填混凝土窄幅钢箱组合梁抗裂性能研究

为了研究充填混凝土窄幅钢箱连续组合梁负弯矩区的弯曲性能,以及栓钉间距、配筋率对连续组合梁负弯矩区混凝土翼板抗裂性能、裂缝开展和宽度的影响,完成3根反向加载的简支组合梁的静力加载试验;考虑翼板混凝土收缩应力的影响,推导出连续组合梁负弯矩区翼板开裂弯矩理论计算公式。试验结果表明,在较低荷载下连续组合梁翼板负弯矩区就会开裂,而发生明显的内力重分布;箍筋间距对裂缝间距有一定的影响,且剪力连接程度和配筋率对连续组合梁负弯矩区裂缝发展以及宽度的影响较明显,适当增加配筋率可以减小组合梁负弯矩区翼板最大裂缝宽度。通过求解组合梁负弯矩区的开裂弯矩,考虑收缩应力的影响能够更准确的控制混凝土的开裂,并对计算值与试验值进行比较,证明这种理论计算式是可行的。     

预制-装配式组合梁剪力群钉推出试验研究

为揭示预制-装配式组合梁剪力群钉的破坏机制,通过开展一组3个试件的装配式剪力群钉推出破坏试验,研究了装配式剪力群钉的变形、滑移、裂缝发展以及栓钉破坏等典型破坏特征,并结合数值方法分析了栓钉与混凝土的相互作用关系。结果表明:加载全过程可分为两个阶段,线弹性阶段和塑性破坏阶段;试件均为延性破坏,最先出现预留孔四周界面裂缝,其次预制混凝土在预留孔下方角隅处45°向下开裂,最后栓钉全部或大部剪断;栓钉在弯剪共同作用下断裂;装配式剪力群钉中栓钉受力性能略弱于现浇群钉,建议采用规范计算时应适当折减,可取0.85装配折减系数。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.