手持导航型GPS在地质工程测量中的应用

文章详细介绍了地质工程测量中手持导航型GPS使用方法及其参数设置,着重分析了能够达到的精度指标,并且介绍了地质勘探工程测量中对高程精度的要求和GPS高程测量采用的方法,对以后地质勘探工程测量中的高程测量采用的方法和手段有一定的现实参考意义。     

GPS-RTK在线路测量中的应用研究

为了解决在道路放样测量中点位精度低的问题,在哈伊公路庆安到绥化段(公里桩号为K165+150至203+950)的线路测量中,采用GPS RTK技术进行放样路线上的点位,并采用了RTK测量高程,同时使用普通水准测量的方法对所放出的点位进行水准测量,进行精度对比分析无论是平面还是高程都取得了令人满意的效果。本文主要结合工程实际阐述了GPS在工程控制测量、RTK技术放样过程的应用及效果,并对GPS高程测量精度的进行分析比较,总结了GPS在线路工程应用中的经验,为相关工程应用提供借鉴。     

基于GPS-RTK技术在地质勘探工程测量中的应用研究

主要介绍了GPS-RTK技术及其快速静态定位、准动态定位和动态定位三种定位模式,重点对GPS-RTK技术在地质勘探工程测量中的勘探网及控制测量、工程点布设、勘探线剖面测量、地质工程点定位测量和物化探测量等应用情况进行了分析。并对GPS-RTK技术应用中的测量误差来源和精度、基准站和移动站的设置进行了讨论。GPS-RTK技术改变了传统的地质勘探工程测量模式,极大的提高了地质勘探工程测量外业工作效率及测量精度,在地质勘探工作中得到了越来越多的应用。     

通过工程实例推广全站仪三角高程测量在工程中的应用

针对测量技术人员还存在对三角高程测量技术撑握不全面，在实践中难以达到测量要求，致使许多工程在有条件的情况下还在沿用传统的高程水准测量方法。结合十天22标工程开工复测实例，按照测量规范要求，对采用全站仪进行三角高程测量精度进行探究，找出其内在规律，为在工程建设领域大力推广全站仪三角高程测量提供技术支持。     

勘探线网的测设与钻探工程测量

煤田地质勘探一般是指煤田普查和勘探,目的是为了详细查明地下煤炭资源情况,进行勘探工程,并需相应地进行测量工作,这项工作称为地质勘探工程测量。它包括以下主要任务:为地质勘探工程设计提供资料;根据设计在实地对工程进行定位、定线,并测出已施工完毕工程点的坐标和高程;为研究地层构造、编写地质报告和储量计算提供有关的测量资料。     

GPS高程测量技术在水利工程测量中的应用

GPS作为科技发展的产物,被广泛应用于各个领域当中,以其全天候、速度快、精度高等特点被人们所推崇。水利工程测量中的高程测量通常采用传统的几何水准测量法,这种方法虽然能够满足精度高的要求,但工程的效率非常低。GPS高程测量技术在水利工程测量中的优点则尤为突出,但在应用的过程中也反映出了相关的问题。在对GPS高程测量技术及其在水利工程测量中应用的现状进行分析的基础上,探讨提高其应用效果的措施。     

中间法测距三角高程测量精度分析研究

在工程的施工过程中,常常涉及到高程测量。传统的测量方法是水准测量、三角高程测量。水准测量是一种直接测高法,测定高差的精度是较高的,但水准测量受到地形起伏的限制,外业工作量大,施测速度较慢。因此,研究了全站仪中间法三角高程测量,推导了全站仪中间法高程测量的计算公式,并运用误差传播定律导出了高程测量精度的计算公式,分析了有关误差来源对高程测量精度的影响,从而达到提高高程测量效率的目的。     

自由设站式三角高程测量及应用

文章介绍了自由设站式三角高程测量的基本原理和方法,推导了该方法在水准测量中的计算公式,从理论上对其测量精度做出了评定,并且验证在一定条件下该方法的精度完全可以达到国家三、四等水准测量规范的精度要求;并以徕卡TCA2003全站仪为例简单介绍自由设站式三角高程测量方法在实际工程中的应用。     

水利隧洞施工测量技术

在水利水电工程中,隧洞施工测量有其独特性,两洞口控制点之间不能通视,施工测量的难度比较大。采用先进的测量设备和测量技术可以提高控制测量精度和隧洞贯通精度。本文所述方法也适应于高速公路、铁路等隧道贯通工程中。以光电测距导线测量和光电测距三角测量进行平面控制测量和高程控制测量,可以大大减少野外测量工作量,提高工作效率和经济效益。     

三论三角高程测量精度的提高新的三角高程测量间接平差法

本文根据气象法三角高程测量的特点,提出了同时解算高程改正、垂直温差改正和垂线偏差的新三角高程测量间接平差法。采用这种平差方法不但能使现代三角高程测量平差的方法更加严紧,从而提高三角高程测量的精度,而且使得在三角高程测量中内插垂线偏差成为可能。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to