介电泳操控不同基团修饰多壁碳纳米管气体传感器对SO_2的气敏性能

利用介电泳法在铬-银-金微电极上制备了本征多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)气体传感器及不同基团修饰多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs-x,x:NH2,OH,COOH)气体传感器,考察了MWNTs和MWNTs-x在非均匀电场中的介电响应行为,将8 V,2 MHz的电泳参数确定为多壁碳纳米管气体传感器的制备条件;在介电泳力作用下MWNTs和MWNTs-x的颗粒均被捕获到电极尖端,发生了正介电泳(p-DEP).室温下研究了制备的气体传感器对不同浓度二氧化硫(SO2)的气敏性能,研究发现传感器对SO2的响应时间、恢复时间和灵敏度随SO2气体浓度的增加而增大,不同基团修饰MWNTs气体传感器对SO2的灵敏度较本征MWNTs传感器的灵敏度显著提高,氨基修饰MWNTs(MWNTs-NH2)气体传感器的灵敏度最高,为本征MWNTs气体传感器的17–23倍,碳管与SO2间的毛细力、表面张力、氢键、化学键等相互作用为影响传感器气敏性能的因素.     

CNT-SnO2复合材料的制备及甲醛气敏性的研究

甲醛作为室内装潢最主要的污染物之一,会对人们的健康造成危害。采用旁热式气敏元件的制备工艺,利用功能化后的碳纳米管对二氧化锡进行不同比例的掺杂,利用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对气敏材料进行表征;并在甲醛气氛中与二氧化锡气体传感器进行对比。分析了掺杂浓度,工作温度及气体浓度对传感器灵敏度和响应恢复时间的影响,对其气敏机理进行分析。结果表明碳纳米管的引入提高了二氧化锡传感器对甲醛气体的灵敏度缩短了其响应恢复时间;并且对低浓度的甲醛气体也有较好的响应。     

新型多壁碳纳米管复合薄膜材料气敏性能研究1

采用射频反应磁控溅射锡（Sn）靶和钨（W）靶的方法制备了SnO2/WO3/MWCNT复合薄膜材料和气敏元件,通过XRD和XPS实验分析了复合薄膜材料的物相结构及表面化学状态,测试了该气敏传感器的气体敏感性能,包括灵敏度、选择性等特性,实验结果表明,该复合薄膜气敏传感器表现出较好的气敏性能,对NO2有较好的灵敏度,对其他干扰气体不敏感。对实验结果与气敏响应机理进行了初步的分析与讨论。     

纳米材料在气敏传感器上的应用现状研究

气体传感器在各个领域中都得到了广泛的应用。理想的气敏传感器在性能上应该有如下的优点:灵敏度高,选择性好,功耗低、长期工作情况下稳定性好、成本低等。然而,实际的气敏传感器由于材料、制备工艺等各种因素的限制,往往不能很好的满足应用的需求。因此,人们一直都致力于改善其性能的研究。而纳米材料的独特表面特性为气体传感器的性能改善提供了良好的机遇。文中将重点对纳米材料和技术在气敏传感器上的应用现状进行详细地讨论。     

石墨烯结构型氨气传感器研究进展

石墨烯基气体传感器具有噪声低、能耗小和常温下即可检测等优点,在医疗诊断、气体检测和农业生产等方面有着广泛的应用。然而,传统石墨烯型传感器往往存在着恢复时间长和选择性低等问题。为了使传感器工作更加灵敏,开发基于石墨烯及其衍生物的复合新型气敏材料用以降低恢复时间和提高选择性,是当前的主要研究热点。简要介绍了近年来石墨烯复合气敏材料（如金属氧化物半导体、导电聚合物、金属有机骨架化合物、二维过渡金属碳氮化物等）用于氨气检测的研究现状,展望了其在微机电系统集成化等领域的应用前景。     

基于氧化铟气体传感器的研究现状

氧化铟作为一种比较新的气敏材料,在一定程度上解决了现有气体传感器中存在的选择性差和工作温度高等问题.近几年来大量的文献报道了氧化铟传感器检测O_3、 CO、 NO_2等气体.本文按照被检测气体的种类,从In_2O_3的气敏材料制备及气敏性能两方面对现有In_2O_3气体传感器进行了论述,并指出了In_2O_3半导体气体传感器的发展方向.     

新型碳纳米管复合薄膜材料的气敏性能

采用射频反应磁控溅射锡(Sn)靶和钨(W)靶的方法制备了SnO2/WO3/MWCNT复合薄膜材料和相应的气敏传感器,通过FSEM、XRD和XPS等方法分析了复合薄膜材料的横断面表面形貌、物相结构及表面化学组成,测试了该气敏传感器的灵敏度、选择性和响应恢复等气体敏感性能.实验结果表明:该复合薄膜气敏传感器具有较好的气敏性能,对NO2有较好的灵敏度,对其他干扰气体不敏感;SnO2/WO3/MWCNT薄膜中,W、Sn、C主要以W+6、Sn+4和C的形式存在.文中还对气敏响应机理进行了初步的分析与讨论.     

通过表面修饰提高ZnO纳米棒的气敏选择性与灵敏度

对化学水浴法制备的六方纤锌矿ZnO纳米棒,分别采用Ag、NiO以及CuO纳米颗粒进行了表面修饰处理,研究了表面修饰对ZnO纳米棒的气敏选择性、敏感性的作用.结果表明,经过表面修饰的ZnO纳米棒的气敏综合性能有了显著的改善,不仅材料的灵敏度得到了明显提高,而且,CuO修饰的ZnO纳米棒对硫化氢气体有很高的选择性.     

碳纳米管在化学分析中的应用进展

本文对碳纳米管的制备、功能化的发展进行了简要概述.碳纳米管不同的功能化后,可以增加和提高碳纳米管的性能,主要对碳纳米管的两种功能化手段进行了论述,功能化的碳纳米管采用不同的电极修饰方法,制备了不同用途的传感器.本文主要从碳纳米管的粉末微电极、碳纳米管糊电极、碳纳米管膜修饰电极三个方面来对碳纳米管近年来在化学分析中的具体应用作了讨论,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望.     

提高半导体气敏元件检测能力的研究

通过对半导体气敏元件基体材料和制作工艺的分析研究,指出了提高气敏元件检测能力的途径。采用添加技术,超微细化技术,表面修饰技术和控制工作温度,可提高气敏元件的灵敏度和选择性。恒流加热法是提高气敏元件热稳定性的主要手段,新材料,新技术的引入将进一步改进半 气敏元件的性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with