空间特征的累量域估计算法与共信道相干源波达方向估计

提出了一种基于累积量的多用户空间特征估计算法,并将该算法用于智能天线系统中的多用户相干源波达方向（ＤＯＡ）估计。该算法构造了累量域空间特征矩阵,通过对空间特征矩阵的特征分解得到用户信号的空间特征估计,基于空间特征的估计,利用前后向平滑空间特征协方差矩阵估计共信道多用户信号的ＤＯＡ,并将各用户的ＤＯＡ自动分组,仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。     

CDMA系统的一种自适应多用户检测方法

常规的匹配滤波器接收机无法克服ＣＤＭＡ的多址干扰和远近效应,因而限制了ＣＤＭＡ系统的容量．为此,需要采用干扰抑制和自适应处理的多用户检测技术．已有的很多抗远近效应和干扰抑制的多用户接收机都比较复杂,还要求估计干扰用户的信号参量．该文提出一种简化的自适应最小均方误差多用户检测接收方法,可以用自适应方式实现滤波器参数的最小均方误差意义上的最优化．理论分析与数字模拟的结果表明该方法与匹配滤波器相比,能明显地提高抗多址干扰能力     

递推功率估值码分多址用户检测器

在码分多址（ＣＤＭＡ）通信的多用户检测器中，存在多址干扰和Ｎｅａｒ－Ｆａｒ问题，对国，内外新近提出的几种多用户检测器进行了性能分析和比较，在未知信号功率情况下，提出了一种性能较优的检测器－递推估计检测器（ＲＥＤ）；通过ＭｏｒｔｅＣａｒｌｏ模拟证明了当Ｎｅａｒ－Ｆａｒ问题严重时，ＲＥＤ检测器的抗Ｎｅａｒ－Ｆａｒ性能优于这几种多用户检测器，但用户之间的功率相差不大时，ＲＥＤ检测器的抗多址干扰能力比去相     

连续Pilot体制CDMA高速移动台自适应信道估计器

提出了连续Ｐｉｌｏｔ 信号体制ＣＤＭＡ系统中,高速移动台自适应信道估计的方法,它包括信道变化速率的检测和信道估计积分长度的自适应调整两个部分．仿真结果显示,该信道估计器有效拓展了移动台正常工作的运动速度范围,提高了ＲＡＫＥ接收机的适应性．     

递推功率估值码分多址多用户检测器

在码分多址（ＣＤＭＡ）通信的多用户检测器中，存在多址于扰和Ｎｅａｒ－Ｆａｒ问题．对国、内外新近提出的几种多用户检测器进行了性能分析和比较．在未知信号功率情况下，提出一种性能较优的检测器──递推估计检测器（ＲＥＤ）；通过ＭｏｒｔｅＣａｒｌｏ模拟证明了当Ｎｅａｒ－Ｆａｒ问题严重时，ＲＥＤ检测器的抗Ｎｅａｒ－Ｆａｒ性能优于这几种多用户检测器，但用户之间的功率相差不大时，ＲＥＤ检测器的抗多址干扰能力比去相关判决反馈检测器稍差．     

利用循环频率域分离技术的多用户信道辨识

利用调制产生的循环平稳性提出了一种多用户信道的非盲估计方法。它利用循环频率域用户分离的方法辨识不同用户的信道。即利用循环频率的互不相同性将用户信号的二阶统计量从接收的多用户信号中分离出来。该方法简单明了且有较强的抗干扰能力。文中讨论了算法的计算机仿真。对多用户系统的仿真结果表明该算法收敛速度较快并且有良好的抗干扰能力,从而验证了算法的有效性和可靠性。     

扩频通信中多径信道参数估计和跟踪方法

利用ＣＤＭＡ用户在使用ＢＰＳＫ调制信号时的多径信道模型,根据ＰＮ码的特点先用最大似然法估计出信道的冲激响应矢量,再进一步估计出ＲＡＫＥ接收机所需的各多径延和衰减系数等参数,分析和计算结果表明,此方法具有速度快,计算量小和精度高等优点。     

CES型盲均衡及其基于高阶统计量的一种实现

介绍了一种全新的设计盲均衡器的评估标准──信道评估标准ＣＥＳ（ＣｈａｎｎｅｌＥｓｔｉｍａｔｉｏｎＳｔａｎｄａｒｄ），并就其实现方式作了简要讨论，在分析现有算法优缺点的基础上，基于高阶统计量，对非最小相位线性信道，提出了一种ＣＥＳ型盲均衡算法ＨＣＢＥＡ，该方法避免了ＣＥＳ盲均衡中常见的大运算量的缺陷，由多电平ＰＡＭ及ＱＡＭ信号仿真实验表明，该方法具有良好的均衡特性。     

路径相关抗多径多用户检测器

提出了一种新的抗多径多用户检测器,该检测器能有效地实现多径分集。为简化异步多用户检测,作者曾提出过一种新的异步直扩码分多址（ＤＳ－ＣＤＭＡ）系统,即无记忆ＤＳ－ＣＤＭＡ系统,并对该系统在单用户多径情况下的性能以及几种新的抗多径检测器（单用户）进行了研究。同时考虑了多径干扰和多址干扰的影响。利用同一用户的多径信号间的强相关特性,并进行简化,将在实现路径分集的同时抑制多址干扰的影响并降低运算复杂度。虽然简化会带来附加的干扰项,理论分析和计算机仿真都表明,该路径相关多用户检测器（ＰＣＭＵＤ）具有比传统的ＲＡＫＥ接收机好得多的抗多径多址干扰性能。另外,该检测器具有很小的复杂度,能很好地工作在总的路径数超过扩频增益时。     

一种基于粒子滤波的盲多用户检测器

针对平坦瑞利衰落信道下的多用户检测问题.提出了一种基于可变粒子滤波器的盲多用户检测器。在导频序列接收阶段采用较多的粒子数目来估计信道参数。在信号检测阶段采用较少的粒子数目实现多用户检测算法,这样构成的变粒子数多用户检测算法在保持较好性能的同时具有较低运算复杂度。仿真结果表明,在高斯噪声或非高斯噪声环境,该检测器性能优于基本粒子滤波检测器性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the