混合动力汽车模糊神经参考控制策略优化

为提高并联式混合动力汽车控制策略精准性,建立了基于发动机效率的模糊逻辑控制器,进一步使用神经网络模型对模糊逻辑控制器的隶属度函数进行在线学习,引入变尺度优化方法的改进型学习算法,完成了隶属度函数的在线学习后的优化;通过模型参考构成闭环在线修正,降低输出转矩的误差。通过循环仿真实验,利用模糊神经参考模型控制策略,发动机工作效率点与实时工况的匹配率更高稳定性更好,发动机平均效率提高4. 16%,峰值电源荷电状态保持在稳定的容量范围内,整车燃油经济性得到改善。因此该控制策略具有较强的工程实用性。     

模糊自整定PID算法在应力速度控制系统设计中的应用

选用高斯函数作为模糊子集E,ΔE,U隶属度函数,确定了模糊控制规则。设计出的基于模糊自整定PID的控制器在研制的材料测试机集成数据采集及控制系统的应力速度控制系统中进行了应用验证。验证结果表明,应力速度控制得到实现,且集成度高、稳定性好。     

基于遗传算法的城域交叉路口两级模糊控制

分级模糊控制能有效减少模糊规则数,易于提取模糊规则,适合于交通状况复杂的城域交叉路口的交通控制,但它存在难以由人工合理定义全部模糊隶属度函数的问题.为此,提出了一种面向城域单交叉路口的自适应两级模糊控制系统,并采用遗传算法对两级模糊控制器中模糊隶属度函数进行优化调整.该控制系统具有分级模糊控制的优点,同时可以让模糊隶属度的选取更为合理,使模糊隶属度函数在不同交通情况下自适应地变化,从而改善控制效果.对一个两相位孤立交叉口进行仿真.结果表明该法能有效降低通行车辆在交叉口的平均等待时间.     

汽油发动机空燃比PID控制及其实验研究

针对汽油发动机气缸进气量变化引起空燃比变化的问题,设计一种基于PID的反馈控制器保证空燃比能够快速恢复到理想值。首先给出一种基于模型的进气量估计算法,在此基础上设计了空燃比前馈控制器;然后将前馈控制与PID反馈控制相结合实现发动机喷油量的调节,利用基于实际实验数据构建的仿真器对提出的算法进行数值仿真研究与分析;最后通过发动机实时控制实验平台验证了控制算法的有效性。     

基于模糊神经网络的参数自整定PID控制系统设计

利用多层神经网络构建模糊自适应PID控制器，通过神经网络自学习能力在线提取模糊控制规则，优化控制器隶属度函数，根据不同时刻的误差e和误差变化ec运用模糊推理在线自整定PID参数。仿真实验表明，该控制系统具有优良的控制性能。此外，通过遗传算法对模糊神经网络的学习速率和惯性系数等进行了优化，为控制系统实现最优控制提供了有力保证。     

汽油发动机空燃比控制系统

对于化油器式发动机 ,为降低其排放污染 ,较为有效的措施是采用空燃比闭环控制加三元催化转换器。本系统采用 PIC单片机和模糊控制算法 ,依据 GB1 4761—1 999规定的 1 5工况法在桑塔纳、捷达、夏利、富康、奥拓几种轿车上对控制系统进行了实车实验 ,结果表明在稳定工况下空燃比被控制在理论值附近 ,尾气排放量在规定的限值以内 ,系统鲁棒性好 ,算法易于实现。     

基于改进模糊PID算法的空燃比控制策略研究

对发动机瞬态工况空燃比进行控制时,由于单缸汽油机本身固有的非线性和时滞环节,传统PID控制很难取得满意的效果,本文构造了一种带动态补偿的模糊PID控制器.首先搭建了单缸机仿真模型,并将模糊PID控制算法应用于空燃比控制中,以适应系统的非线性;然后针对单缸机系统中固有的时滞环节提出一种动态时滞补偿器,以降低时滞环节对系统的影响;再将该时滞补偿器耦合于模糊PID控制器中,应用于单缸机瞬态工况下的空燃比控制.仿真结果表明,改进的模糊PID控制器不仅能补偿系统中时滞环节带来的非最小相位影响,而且能很好地适应发动机系统的非线性特征,从而使控制系统的稳定性、准确性、快速性均得到了很大的改善.     

基于加速进化编程的非线性模糊控制系统的优化设计

根据从对象中采集到的输入输出数据,采用加速进化编程算法优化模糊控制规则库中的各参数。该方法可以方便地调整模糊控制规则和隶属函数的参数。并提出了基于该算法的模糊控制系统的设计。用优化好的控制器去控制一个典型的非线性系统—球棒系统,仿真实验表明,控制效果和鲁棒性均达到了令人满意的效果。     

基于控制的稀薄燃烧汽油机进气模型

提高电控汽油机空燃比控制精度是改善发动机燃油经济性、动力性和降低尾气污染的关键环节.针对稀薄燃烧汽油机的工作原理及其排放控制要求,提出了改进的基于发动机物理模型的稀薄燃烧汽油机空燃比的控制方案.对方案中稀薄燃烧汽油机进气模型进行了详细描述,利用自行研制的发动机电控系统,采用最小二乘法对模型的主要参数进行辨识,并对影响模型参数的主要因素进行了简要分析.结果表明,进气管时间常数是发动机转速和节气门开度的函数,节气门开度越大,时间常数越小.     

自适应模糊PID轧机液压AGC系统特性研究

针对液压厚度自动控制系统(Automatic Gauge Control,简称AGC)存在时滞性、时变性的问题,以及传统PID控制器的PI参数无法在线实时修改的局限性,提出了结合模糊控制理论,设计构造模糊自适应PID控制器的解决方法。即确定输入和输出变量,定义各变量的隶属度函数,求解输入变量和输出变量的比例因子,建立系统的模糊规则表,利用重心法解模糊后,实现实时在线调整PI参数的目的。通过MATLAB仿真实验,对系统的时域特性及频域特性进行分析,得到模糊自适应PID控制器比传统PID控制器能够更快速的达到稳定,系统无超调量,无稳态静差,抗干扰能力强,取得了较好的控制效果。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.