PET/SiO_2纳米复合材料的力学性能和结晶性能研究

采用熔融共混法,将纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)添加到聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)中,制备出PET/SiO2纳米复合材料,并对其力学和结晶性能进行研究。结果表明,添加微量纳米SiO2能显著提高PET材料的力学性能,纳米SiO2添加量为0.2质量份数时,纳米SiO2在PET基体中分散均匀,复合材料综合力学性能最佳,与纯PET相比,PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的缺口冲击强度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量分别提高了18%,20%,11%,14%;随着纳米SiO2添加量的增加,PET/SiO2纳米复合材料的结晶度和结晶温度有明显的提高。     

纳米碳酸钙作为环氧树脂增韧材料的研究

文中研究了纳米碳酸钙作为增韧填料对环氧树脂力学性能的影响。纳米碳酸钙经表面处理后，填充到环氧树脂体系中，使环氧树脂拉伸强度提高39%、弯曲弹性模量增大52.9%、冲击强度提高68.6%。冲击断面SEM照片分析结果表明，改性纳米碳酸钙在环氧树脂中能够均匀分散，并在纳米碳酸钙和其周围的基体界面相出现大量的银纹，从而提高了复合材料的抗冲击强度。     

碳纳米管增强环氧树脂基复合材料的制备及其力学性能

通过对多壁碳纳米管进行表面处理,用超声分散和模具浇注成型法制备了碳纳米管/环氧树脂纳米复合材料。研究了碳纳米管含量和表面处理对碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料力学性能和断面形貌的影响,分析了碳纳米管对环氧树脂的增强机理。结果表明,随着碳纳米管含量的增加,碳纳米管/环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度及模量先增加后减小;当碳纳米管的质量分数为0.5%时,复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量分别达到最大值69.8MPa、136.9MPa和3.72GPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了33.9%、29.3%和4.8%;当碳纳米管的质量分数为1.5%时,拉伸模量达到最大值2050.5MPa,比纯环氧树脂提高了7.3%。     

环氧树脂/聚醚砜/纳米氧化铝复合材料的力学性能及介电性能

以甲基纳迪克酸酐(MNA)为固化剂,制备了环氧树脂/聚醚砜/纳米氧化铝三元复合材料,并对其力学性能、介电性能以及热稳定性能进行了研究,同时探讨了其性能增强机理。结果表明:当聚醚砜(PES)和纳米氧化铝(nano-Al_2O_3)的质量分数分别为15%和3%时,环氧树脂/15PES/3Al_2O_3复合材料的冲击强度、拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别达到45.7kJ/m~2、87 MPa和180MPa,与纯环氧树脂相比,均有大幅度的提高。在测试频率为100Hz时,复合材料的介电常数和介电损耗分别为7.7和0.013 5,介电性能较纯环氧树脂也有一定提高。此外,热分解温度比纯环氧树脂的提高了73℃,热稳定性得到提高。     

无机纳米粒子SiO2增韧增强PVC的性能

通过偶联剂处理及用球磨机混合方法使纳米SiO2在基体均匀分散，制备出纳米SiO2／PVC复合材料。利用冲击、拉伸测试测定纳米SiO2对复合材料力学性能的影响。实验结果表明，纳米SiO2起到了增韧、增强PVC的作用。     

无机纳米粒子对木粉/高密度聚乙烯木塑复合材料热学及力学性能的影响

为了探讨3种无机纳米粒子(纳米碳酸钙(NPCC)、纳米蒙脱土(NMMT)和纳米氧化铝(NAL))对木粉/高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)木塑复合材料热学性能和力学性能的影响,采用模压成型方法制备木粉/HDPE木塑复合材料,利用综合热分析仪和热膨胀系数仪分析了木塑复合材料的热学性能,并测定了其力学性能.结果表明,3种无机纳米粒子对木粉/HDPE木塑复合材料的热学性能和力学性能均有一定影响.其中:添加NPCC可使木粉/HDPE木塑复合材料的线性热膨胀系数降低38.95%,并具有较好的热稳定性,从而在受热过程中的起始热分解温度提高了2.8℃,600℃时的残重率提高了39.1%;同时,添加NPCC的木粉/HDPE木塑复合材料力学性能提高的幅度最大,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别提高了32.86%、11.05%和35.32%.     

超支化环氧树脂改性环氧树脂共混材料的制备与性能研究

以三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)和2,2一二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)为反应单体,采用一步法合成了超支化聚合物.然后与环氧氯丙烷反应合成了低粘度液体型超支化环氧树脂,并与双酚A型环氧树脂共混,固化成型后得超支化环氧树脂改性环氧树脂共混材料.测试了共混材料的力学性能、热性能.探讨了超支化环氧树脂加入量对材料性能的影响.结果显示:共混材料的力学性能随超支化环氧树脂含量的增加先增加后下降,有最大值;当超支化环氧树脂用量为15wt%左右时,共混材料的冲击强度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度分别提高108%、83%、42%.玻璃化转变温度和热分解温度稍有下降.     

纳米SiO_2/聚己内酯(PCL)/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯-聚己二酸丁二醇酯共聚物(PBSA)复合材料的力学及流变性能

用熔融共混法制备纳米SiO2/聚己内酯(PCL)/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯-聚己二酸丁二醇酯共聚物(PBSA)复合材料,利用红外光谱仪、扫描电镜、万能拉力机及流变分析仪等,研究改性纳米SiO2的加入对复合材料体系的力学及流变性能的影响。研究结果表明:钛酸酯偶联剂与纳米SiO2发生强烈的键合作用,使得纳米SiO2能较好分散在基体中。当SiO2的质量分数为2%时,PCL/PBSA/纳米SiO2复合材料的缺口冲击性能有明显提高,此后随着改性纳米SiO2含量的提高,其断裂伸长率和拉伸强度呈下降趋势;熔融状态下,复合材料体系剪切储能模量(G′)和损耗模量(G″)随着频率的增大呈单增趋势,复合材料体系的黏度随剪切速率的增大而减小,属假塑性流体;少量的改性纳米SiO2可以均匀分散在PCL/PBSA基体树脂中,并能显著提高复合体系的韧性,但当加入量过多时,容易发生团聚现象,并使得冲击强度、断裂伸长率等性能降低。     

纳米二氧化硅粒子增韧聚丙烯的研究

研究了纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)粒子对聚丙烯(PP)的冲击强度和拉伸强度的影响,比较了溶液共混法与聚合法的改性效果差异,并从机理上进行了探讨.研究发现:用溶液共混法制备的纳米SiO2/PP复合材料,其冲击强度在纳米SiO2粒子含量为4%左右时达到最大值,约为未经改性的PP材料的8倍;用纳米SiO2粒子改性的PP材料的拉伸强度与未经改性的PP材料基本一致;在相似的工艺条件下,共混法对PP的增韧效果较聚合法显著.     

纳米碳纤维/聚二甲基硅氧烷复合材料的制备及其力学性能

为制备综合力学性能优异的纳米碳纤维(CNFs)增强聚合物复合材料,利用超声分散设备,采用1.6g/L的十二烷基酸钠(SDS)对纳米碳纤维进行表面处理,制备出不同纳米碳纤维质量分数的纳米碳纤维/聚二甲基硅氧烷复合材料.SEM和复合材料拉伸结果表明SDS分散处理在一定程度上能改善碳纳米纤维与基体的界面结合和分散情况,提高复合材料的拉伸性能.当纳米碳纤维的含量在3wt%左右时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到最大.动态拉伸结果表明对CNFs的表面处理能增加复合材料在动态变形时的内摩擦,且材料的动态力学性能稳定.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.