垃圾填埋汤渗滤水回灌技术的研究：Ⅰ.垃圾渗滤水填埋场回灌的…

对垃圾填埋场的覆盖土及其填埋层的微生物对渗滤水的回灌处理的影响进行探索，研究结果表明，为改善覆盖土层的透水性和透气性，在试验所用的亚粘土中必须加入一定比例的细砂，土砂比以７：１为佳。土砂比为７：１的土柱对进水ＣＯＤ负荷为６．６￣１１５ｇｍ＾－２·ｄ＾－１的渗滤水在运行两个月的时间内，ＣＯＤ去除率可达９８％左右，对渗滤水回灌填埋场前后的填埋堆层的微生物镜检结果表明，经回灌处理后的填埋场相当于一个生物     

垃圾填埋场渗滤水回灌技术的研究：Ⅲ.填埋场对渗滤水净化能力…

在文献「１」回灌技术影响因素的基础上进一步以土壤柱，垃圾柱，土壤－垃圾混合柱模拟了填埋场土壤覆盖层，垃圾填埋层，填埋场混合填埋层的情况，探求出工程设计所需的垃圾填埋场渗流水回灌净化能力的有关参数。     

垃圾填埋场渗滤水回灌技术的研究 Ⅱ.填埋场对渗滤水净化能力的研究

在文献[1]回灌技术影响因素的基础上进一步以土灌注、垃圾柱、土壤一垃圾混合柱模拟了填埋场土壤覆盖层、垃圾填埋层、填埋场混合填埋层的情况，探求出工程设计所需的垃圾填埋场沙滩水回灌净化能力的有关参数．     

垃圾填埋场渗沥液厌氧处理的研究

研究了两相厌氧消化系统和单相的上流式厌氧污泥床──生物滤床组合型系统（ＵＢＦ）在不同条件下处理垃圾填埋场渗沥液的运行特性，结果表明，两相厌氧消化用于处理本研究用的废水没有显著效果．采用单相ＵＢＦ系统，当温度为３５℃，水力停留时间为１２ｈ，ＣＯＤＣｒ容积负荷率为每天每立方米１０ｋｇ，每天每千克ＶＳＳ的ＣＯＤＣｒ污泥负荷率为０．５３ｋｇ时，ＣＯＤＣｒ去除率平均为的９４％，产气量４．７７Ｌ·Ｌ－１·ｄ－１．其中甲烷含量为７５．８％．     

大型垃圾填埋场渗滤液COD的衰减规律

对试验场渗滤液ＣＯＤ质量浓度进行长达３．５年的测定（１－２周测定一次）,建立了填埋场渗滤液ＣＯＤ质量浓度随时间变化的数学模型,并通过模型预测了渗滤液ＣＯＤ质量浓度通过自然衰减达到了不同排放标准所需时间、同时提出填埋场的规划和设计可以由传统的渗滤液及时外排处理式转变为不及时外排,使其在填埋场内ＣＯＤ质量浓度大幅度自然衰减后抽出处理,这样可以大量节省费用,简化操作工艺。     

垃圾填埋场中淋滤液回灌液压变化规律

为研究垃圾填埋场中因进行淋滤液回灌而对孔隙水压力运移产生的影响,在忽略淋滤液在竖直方向上运移的前提下,在考虑填埋场淋滤液回灌的实际工况、液相本构方程、水量平衡条件和有机物生化降解的基础上,建立孔隙水压力理论方程。补充不同的边界条件,得到群井回灌和单井回灌2种情况下模型的解析解。计算及分析结果表明:(a)在进行单井回灌时,回灌进行到30 d后孔隙水压力基本稳定;孔隙水压力随离开回灌井距离的增加而迅速减小,在离回灌井15 m范围内回灌效果较好,20 m以外的区域回灌效果较差。(b)在进行群井回灌时,回灌前期孔隙水压力迅速增加,填埋单元中各处孔隙水压力最终均达到回灌水头压力;与单井相比,群井的回灌效果较好。(c)淋滤液回灌在垃圾体中会产生较高的孔隙水压力,因此在实际工程中确定回灌的时间和距离时应考虑孔隙水压力。     

五峰垃圾填埋场渗滤流污染特征及处理系统

系统分析了五峰垃圾填埋场渗滤液中ＣＯＤ，ＢＯＤ５的季节变化特征，并对该填埋场的污水处理系统进行了研究和评价。     

城市生活垃圾渗滤液回灌处理技术研究Ⅰ——pH值的变化对NH3—N去除的影响

通过对垃圾填埋场所产生的垃圾渗滤液进行回灌处理研究，发现在回灌之前采用为调节渗滤液的pH值为NH3－N的去除有较大的影响，同时pH为8－9的渗滤回灌到垃圾填埋场中改变了垃圾内部的酸性环境，加快了垃圾的生化反应使回灌后渗滤液的COD值有明显的降低。     

宁镇丘陵区森林土壤渗滤水的性状

用渗水采集器在杉木，火炬松、落叶栎林土壤中定期取水样分析，结果表明，５－６月份土壤渗滤水中的离子浓度普遍比７－８月份高得多，它们的浓度分布模式也因月份而异，杉林与栎林下土壤渗滤水的离子浓度及分布模式大同小异，但浓度大体上均高于松林，模式也与后者不同。５－６月份杉林地各种离子的淋失强度为最大，栎林地次之，松林地为最小；７－８月份则以栎林地淋失强度为最大，杉林地次之，松林地仍为最小，每年通过土壤渗滤水     

厌氧─好氧一体净化器处理生活污水的研究

研究了厌氧─好氧一体化污水净化装置处理生活污水的启动及运行特性，试验表明装置在自接种条件下启动，二周内可达到稳定的处理效果，出水ＣＯＤ＜１００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１．正常运行，ＨＲＴ＞６．２ｈ时，ＣＯＤ去除率大于８５．２％，ＢＯＤ５去除率大于８８．６％，出水水质满足国家的污水排放标准，ＮＨ３—Ｎ在１０．６ｍｇ·Ｌ－１左右．     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。