自蔓延冶金法制备硼粉的基础研究

提出采用自蔓延冶金法制备硼粉的新工艺·计算知B2O3 Mg反应体系的绝热温度(Tad)为2604K,对B2O3 Mg反应体系的相关反应进行了热力学分析,确定了采用自蔓延模式的可行性·差热分析(DTA)表明反应体系850～930℃放热峰的表观活化能为903 75kJ·mol-1,反应级数为n=1·X射线衍射分析表明燃烧产物主要由MgO,Mg3B2O6和B2O3等相组成,确定了燃烧产物的浸出条件以及三步浸出方案·光谱分析及化学分析表明硼粉纯度可达92 43%,平均粒度为0 5～0 8μm·     

激光气相法制备超细硼粉工艺参量监测

用３００Ｗ ＣＷ－ＣＯ２激光引发化学气相反应，以ＢＣｌ３和Ｈ２为原料制备超细硼粉，非接触式测温方法监测反应焰温度、反应焰模式以及反应参量对反应焰温度的影响规律。Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光粉体密度测定法监测粉体制备的动态过程，给出有关计算方法，并测定了粉体在反应焰中的分布状态。     

无定形硼粉的HTPB团聚新方法改进

以端羟基聚丁二烯（HTPB）为主要原料,乙醇、乙酸乙酯为溶剂,对无定形硼粉进行了团聚改性处理,研究了团聚改性后硼粉对密度的影响,采用XPS光电子能谱,透射电镜、红外光谱等手段分析了硼粉改性效果,总结了其相关性能的表征结果,并对无定形硼粉改性前后与HTPB混合物黏度进行了测试分析。结果表明,无定形硼粉团聚改性后,硼粒子的球性度提高,松装密度大大增加,其表面明显有一层包覆层,而且与HTPB混合物的黏度较无定形硼粉的大大降低,这对制备推进剂药浆工艺性能有利。     

机械磨细对新疆和田地区火山岩粉活性影响试验

为了提高新疆和田地区火山岩粉的活性,拓宽其在混凝土工程中的应用,借鉴目前常用的机械磨细的球磨方法,使粉体材料更加细化,并改善其颗粒分布。对4种细度的火山岩粉,采用勃氏法测试其比表面积,激光粒度法分析其颗粒级配及分布,多龄期胶砂强度指数法去验证掺加该火山岩粉后的胶凝体系宏观力学性能变化,最后用SEM及EDS观察分析微观形貌及产物,揭示微观变化与宏观强度,即火山灰活性提升的关系。试验结果表明:机械磨细的方法可以有效地改善火山岩粉的颗粒分布,比表面积每增加80 m²/kg左右则小于50%通过率颗粒粒径减小0.6~0.8 μm;掺火山岩粉胶凝体系随龄期的延长,宏观上其抗折强度和抗压强度均有持续的提高,而且抗折强度增加速率更快,但强度增加随火山岩粉变细而增长的幅度放缓。根据宏观力学性能的变化及SEM及EDS的微观观察分析,得出结论:机械磨细可提高火山岩粉活性的主要原因为颗粒变细的“微集料”填充作用,以及其参与水泥基体系水化反应能力的提升。     

激光热解制备超细硅粉

通过激光引发化学气相热解反应，在连续流动体系中，由原料硅烷（ＳｉＨ４）制备了超细硅粉．不同焰温制备出的粉体可以由非晶态到晶态变化．采用非接触测温技术，研究了反应参数的变化对反应焰温的影响．粉体ＴＥＭ测定结果表明为单分散球形颗粒．     

纳米Ni粉对肉桂醛选择性加氢反应性能研究

文章采用固相法合成纳米Ni粉,通过XRD、XPS、TEM、SEM和IR等测试手段对其结构进行了表征,并对纳米Ni粉进行掺杂贵金属Pt、Pd改性,以肉桂醛选择加氢反应为探针反应,考察催化剂的催化加氢性能。研究结果表明,固相法合成的纳米Ni粉为高纯度、粒径分布均匀的纳米颗粒,平均粒径为24 nm。对纳米Ni粉和改性的纳米Ni粉的催化加氢性能的考察结果显示,上述催化剂催化肉桂醛加氢反应的催化能力表现为:Pd掺杂的纳米Ni粉纳米Ni粉Pt掺杂的纳米Ni粉。     

不同粉磨工艺水泥的颗粒、矿物组成分布及性能

研究了采用不同粉磨工艺制备的水泥的颗粒分布及矿物组成分布对水泥与混凝土物理性能的影响．研究结果表明：水泥颗粒分布与粉磨设备条件及工艺参数密切相关，选用高效选粉机，增大循环负荷及控制适当的比表面积，可获得较窄的颗粒分布；由于C3S易磨性较好，易富集于水泥细颗粒中，通过提高水泥颗粒的集中程度及适当增大比表面积，可有效地把熟料中的C3S富集于30μm以下的水泥颗粒中；当水泥熟料质量、混合材质量、水泥比表面积控制水平较接近，水泥颗粒分布集中(主要集中在5～30μm范围)时，水泥的标准稠度需水量较大，凝结时间较长，1d强度较低，但3d，28d抗压强度较高，在混凝土中则表现为新拌混凝土泌水较严重，1d抗压强度偏低，3d．28d抗压强度增幅较大．     

木薯淀粉接枝丙烯酸的研究

研究了木薯淀粉与丙烯酸的接枝共聚合反应.选用(NH_4)_2S_2O_8、FeCl_3、H_2O_2—FeSO_4、KMnO_4等不同引发剂作比较,结果表明过硫酸铵是一种很有开发前景的引发剂,其最佳反应条件是丙烯酸浓度为1M,反应温度为50℃,反应时间为2h.对所得共聚物的吸水量及保水率进行了测试.     

碳化铬/铁基自熔合金复合涂层真空反应钎涂

以纯铁粉、硅粉、硼铁粉、铬铁粉、胶体石墨及镍粉为原料,通过真空反应钎涂在低碳钢基体上制备了碳化铬/铁基自熔合金复合涂层,涂层表面光滑、平整且与基体为冶金结合.应用扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射仪及显微硬度计,研究了涂层的组织结构、成分分布和硬度分布.结果表明:涂层为复合结构,其组织由Fe-Ni固溶体基底和原位合成的六棱柱Cr3C2相组成.涂层与基体间存在过渡区,过渡区内元素和硬度呈梯度分布;涂层表面硬度可达85HR15N以上.     

轻烧粉-氢氧化钠法制备氢氧化镁的研究

以轻烧粉经酸化、氧化除铁等精制过程得到的氯化镁溶液为原料,以氢氧化钠为沉淀剂制备氢氧化镁。研究了pH值对轻烧粉酸化除铁的影响,考察了原料的物质的量比、反应温度、加料时间、陈化时间等因素对产品质量的影响,得到了轻烧粉精制和反应制备氢氧化镁的最佳工艺条件。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）和激光粒度分布测试仪等对实验产品进行表征。结果表明,该工艺制备的氢氧化镁纯度达到98%以上,CaO质量分数低于0.1%,颗粒呈片状结构,粒度分布均匀,形貌规则。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.