FBM模型在栅中翼型云状空化流动数值计算中的应用

评价滤波器湍流模型(FBM)在栅中翼型计算中的应用.分别采用修正RNG κ-ε湍流模型和FBM湍流模型,以及不同滤波器尺寸的FBM模型对栅中翼型的云状空化流动进行模拟,并与水洞实验结果进行对比.结果表明:在模拟计算中采用合适滤波器尺寸的FBM湍流模型,并且在空化模型中考虑到湍动能对空化流动的影响,可以更准确捕捉栅中翼型空化区尾部涡团交替脱落的非定常细节,升阻力与实验更为接近.     

绕水翼非定常云空化流动的大涡模拟

该文基于N-S方程及压力隐式分裂算法,考虑气液间相变,采用大涡模拟湍流模型和流体体积法研究了绕NACA0015水翼非定常云空化流动特性.分析了包括初始涡、回射涡、空泡分离及空泡再生的周期性脱落过程,计算了斯德鲁哈尔数St、无量纲空泡长度和不同空化数下的水动力系数,计算结果与实验结果吻合.Kunz模型和Sauer模型对空泡形态的模拟结果表明,两种空化模型都能很好地模拟非定常云空化流动.     

基于实验观测的分域湍流模型在通气超空化中的评价

为建立一种可以准确高效预测通气超空化流动的湍流模型,结合数值计算和实验结果,对绕锥头回转体通气超空化流动特性进行研究.实验采用高速录像观察了通气空化随时间的流场变化;数值计算中,分别应用标准k-ε湍流模型和密度分域的湍流模型计算了绕锥头回转体通气空化流动.其中,密度分域的湍流模型是在实验观测的基础上建立,即在空泡的前端含气量较大的区域应用DCM模型,以体现附着型空穴的可压缩性;在空泡尾部含气量较大的雾状空泡区域应用FBM湍流模型,以捕捉多尺度的空泡涡团结构.研究结果表明:与标准k-ε湍流模型相比,基于密度分域的湍流模型计算的结果与实验观测的现象基本吻合,有效减小了通气空化空泡区域内的湍流黏性,可以捕捉空泡区域内多尺度旋涡结构的演化过程,进而可以准确地预测通气超空化空泡断裂脱落的非定常流动细节.      

低弗劳德数通气超空泡初生及发展演变特性

为了研究通气超空泡初生及发展过程中空泡形态及泄气模式的演变特性,采用分相流模型和SST湍流模型,考虑通气压缩性和重力效应,建立了通气超空化三维数值计算模型,并通过试验数据进行了校核和验证,研究了在通气率和弗劳德数大范围变化下的通气超空泡生成及发展过程.结果表明:回射流模式超空泡发展过程非常不稳定,空泡初生时伴随空泡的断裂及分离,空泡发展过程中存在气/水混合物回流现象,超空泡形态难以预估.双涡管模式超空泡先以回射流模式发展,当超空泡充分发展后,空泡闭合模式转变为双涡管方式,空泡形态及泡内压力相对比较稳定.接近超空泡泄气转变临界时,超空泡闭合模式在双涡管和回射流之间相互转变,导致超空化流动及超空泡形态变化更加复杂.     

变攻角圆盘空化器生成自然超空泡数值模拟

基于结构化网格,运用N-S方程及k-ε湍流模型对均质流场求解,引入Rayleigh-Plesset方程模拟超空泡问题.对三维圆盘空化器在不同空化数情况下进行超空化流动数值模拟.将三维无攻角圆盘空化器的仿真结果与经验公式进行对比,二者具有良好的一致性.并且解决了带攻角圆盘空化器生成超空泡的数值模拟问题,详细分析了不同攻角圆盘空化器生成自然超空泡的形态特征以及升阻力特性.     

非均匀流场螺旋桨空泡数值模拟

以某油船螺旋桨为研究对象,基于Rayleigh-Plesset方程,采用Schnerr-Sauer空化模型和可实现的k-ε两层湍流模型,利用计算流体力学(CFD)软件STAR-CCM+模拟了非均匀来流条件下螺旋桨的空泡形态.通过对螺旋桨叶梢区域进行有效合理的网格加密,以较少的网格数量成功捕获梢涡空泡.数值计算与试验结果对比表明:计算结果准确再现了桨叶进出伴流区域空泡初生、发展和溃灭的整个历程;每个相位角叶背片空泡形态与试验观察吻合,片空泡面积相差在5%以内;该数值方法虽然能够捕捉到梢涡空泡,但是还不能对梢涡空泡的非定常特性和空间结构进行准确预测.基于上述结果,该方法适用于非均匀流螺旋桨空泡流动模拟.     

绕水翼超空化流动数值模拟的湍流模型评价

为深入了解湍流模型对超空化流动计算的影响,分别采用3种不同的湍流模型即标准κ-ε模型、RNGκ-ε模型和SSG雷诺应力模型,对绕水翼的超空化流动进行了数值模拟,并与实验结果进行了对比.结果表明:标准κ-ε模型仅能模拟出定常状态的超空化形态;RNGκ-ε模型和SSG雷诺应力模型能较为准确地模拟出超空化区域内的两相混合非定常特性,并完整再现了空泡内部两相(气相和水气混合相)界面的反向波动过程,而采用RNGκ-ε模型计算得到的最大空泡长度与实验最为接近.     

水下射弹空化器参数对自然超空泡形态的影响

为获取有效减阻的自然超空泡形态特性,利用CFD商业软件Flunt 6．0,基于均匀多相流假设,建立了水下射弹自然超空泡流动的多相流模型。在射弹最大初速度500m／s、最小空化数为0．00155的条件下,计算了圆锥和圆盘两种空化器头部射弹模型的超空泡形态。分析了头型、直径、锥角、空化数等对自然超空泡形态特性的影响。仿真结果表明：自然超空泡的尺寸变化主要取决于空化数与空化器参数;圆盘头型空化器更利于射弹超空泡的形成：空化器的直径和锥角过小都不易产生自然超空泡。     

水下高速航行体自然超空泡形态特性仿真研究

为使水下高速航行体获得减阻量,基于均匀多相流假设,建立了水下高速航行体自然超空化流动的多相流计算流体力学模型.应用商业软件Fluent 6.2进行了水下高速航行体自然超空泡计算,对比分析了带圆锥和圆盘空化器的两种高速航行体形成超空泡的空泡长度、空泡直径、空泡含汽率和航行体表面的空泡厚度等超空泡形态特性.数值模拟了带圆盘空化器头部航行体的超空泡流发展过程,获得了航行体的超空泡形态变化特性.仿真结果表明:圆盘头形空化器有利于航行体超空泡的形成;超空泡的相对直径与相对长度随空化数增加而减小;在水下高速航行过程中,航行体形成稳定超空泡的长细比非常高,随着航行体速度的衰减,其超空泡迅速出现不稳定状态.     

绕平头回转体的空化流场研究

摘要：本文采用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法对绕平头回转体的空化流场进行了研究。数值模拟中,为了精确捕捉由于分离流动而产生的漩涡结构和空泡团的脱落现象,湍流模型采用了一种基于空间尺度修正的滤波器模型（FBM）。 实验中,采用高速录像技术观察了在不同空化数下,绕回转体的空泡形态,并应用二维和三维粒子测速系统（DPIV）测量了相应工况下,空化流场的速度及涡量分布。研究结果表明：对于平头回转体,其肩部的高剪切流动区出现了不规则的漩涡分离结构,初生空泡首先在该分离区域内产生,随着空化数的降低,空化区域会有明显的增大,空泡呈椭球状,不规则的小尺度空泡团的脉动转变为周期型的大尺度空泡团的脱落现象。在不同的发展周期内,绕平头回转体的空化存在强烈的三维流动特性,回转体尾部的高压区域造成了反向射流的产生,反向射流以逆时针的螺旋状逐渐向回转体头部推进,致使空泡周向上的断裂,以及空泡脱落的起始位置有较大的区别。流场中的低速区域对应于空化核心区,其值远小于主流速度。高涡量主要亦集中在该区域内,空化区域内部汽液频繁的水汽交换是造成高涡量区域的主要原因。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.