对基于B-树系列的数据库索引算法的研究

用户对数据库最频繁的操作是进行数据查询。为了提高检索数据的能力,数据库引入了索引机制。索引是一个单独的、物理的数据库结构,它是某个数据库表中一列或若干列值的集合和相应的指向表中物理标识这些值的数据页的逻辑指针清单。B-树、B＋树是两种常见的数据库索引结构。本文研究基于B-树、B＋树的索引结构的算法,并分析比较各自的性能。     

基于时序参数的重复数据删除索引优化技术研究

针对系统中存在的索引检索效率问题,提出了一种基于时序参数的快速索引优化算法,该算法通过时间参数和序数参数获取数据块的热度值,将高热度值的数据块指纹组合成了一个高优先度的快速索引.快速索引与主索引组成了重复数据删除中的两层索引结构,从而提高了系统的检索性能.通过实验验证了基于时序参数的索引优化算法的优越性.     

基于B＋树的文本信息检索技术

随着人类步入信息时代,网上庞大的数字化信息与人们获取所需信息能力之间的矛盾日益突出,怎样快速地检索相关信息已经成为研究热点。阐述了全文检索系统的原理,分析了基于字表结构的索引组织方法和索引库的建立。通过和B-树的对比,提出了基于B＋树的索引存储方法及其算法思想,对提高索引的存储效率和查找速度具有一定意义。     

基于牙科PACS系统的信息检索技术研究

基于DICOM标准的PACS系统是世界医学信息技术发展的潮流.文章具体分析元数据检索、文本检索和基于内容的图像检索的优缺点,认为有必要在牙科PACS中综合使用三种检索方式以提高信息检索效率和准确度.在基于内容的图像检索中,为了提高在庞大的特征库中进行相似性检索的效率,需要研究快速索引结构.文章通过分析R树、四叉树和聚类索引等几种快速索引结构,初步设计出适合牙科PACS系统的索引机制.     

CF-HNLBI:一种新的闪存数据库B-树索引

提出了一种新的基于B-树的闪存数据库索引——CF-HNLBI索引.使用链表组织缓冲区中的更新信息,减少了缓冲区遍历时间,通过链表结构减少冗余信息,提高了缓冲区利用率.将缓冲区分为冷区和热区,并采用基于更新信息频度的替换算法,有效地减少了闪存写操作次数.实验结果表明,CF-HNLBI索引比其他已有索引具有更好的性能.     

云环境下应用感知的动态重复数据删除机制

针对传统在线/离线重删对云存储系统中重删效率不高的问题,采用混合重复数据删除(Hy-Dedup)机制,通过融合在线和离线两种方式进行有效的数据重删。该方案在线重删阶段根据负载类型对指纹索引进行聚类分组,设置不同重删阈值来评估数据流的空间局部一致性,提高了缓存命中率;离线重删阶段采用延迟敏感的方法,对在线阶段缓存没有命中的重复块进行精确重删。通过这种混合方式在保持系统的I/O性能和吞吐量的前提下,显著减少了写入云存储的重复数据量。实验结果表明,与iDedup机制相比,Hy-Dedup机制可将在线重删率提高35.9%,磁盘空间需求减少41.36%,并且能够在云存储系统中实现高准确率的重删,提升重删效率,节省存储空间。     

关于主存数据库索引机制的探讨

本文对哈希、AVL树、B树、T树等几种传统主存数据库索引机制的特点进行了比较分析,讨论了Cache敏感型索引结构和采用预取等方法提高Cache命中率的主存数据库索引机制,指出可以根据计算机的硬件特性对主存数据库索引机制进行配置和优化.     

基于大页内存的学习索引内存分配策略

大数据时代,数据信息的不断膨胀给数据的快速存取带来了巨大挑战.因此,设计一种高效的索引结构具有重要意义. ALEX (updatable adaptive learned index)是一种利用机器学习模型代替传统B-树索引结构的学习索引,具有较好的时间、空间性能,但存在频繁的缺页中断问题.为解决此问题,进一步提升ALEX性能,在ALEX基础上提出了一种基于大页内存的内存预分配策略,较好地降低了内存缺页中断率,提升了ALEX性能.在内存分配阶段,采用预分配策略;在内存回收阶段,则采用延迟释放策略.在Longitudes数据集上的实验表明,该策略具有良好的效果.     

基于混合索引树的空间文本匹配算法

针对空间文本对象流和订阅流的匹配,采用一种混合索引树来组织数据对象,包括多叉树空间索引、谓词索引和倒排文件三个部分,其中多叉树空间索引用于空间区域管理,谓词索引和倒排文件用于订阅谓词管理.在此基础上,提出了谓词索引建立算法、空间文本对象与倒排项匹配算法和混合索引树检索算法.与基于空间网格加倒排文件的检索方法进行了对比实验,结果表明:所提出的算法提高了用户的检索效率,并验证了其有效性.     

高性能网页索引器JU_Indexer的实现

高性能网页索引器JU_Indexer用倒排索引表存储网页索引数据, 以多线程并行的方式对网页建立索引数据, 采用经过优化的检索算法实现用户的查询. 首先给出了JU_Indexer的系统框架, 然后描述了索引数据在JU_Indexer中的存储结构、 建立网页索引的算法、 以及实现用户查询的检索算法. 实验结果表明, JU_Indexer能在毫秒级的时间内完成用户的查询, 它采用的经过优化的词组检索算法缩短了词组的检索时间.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.