常现青霉(Penicillium frequentans)β-半乳糖苷酶的纯化及其性质

从常现青霉麸曲中抽提的β-半乳糖苷酶(E.C.32。1.23,亦称乳糖酶)粗制品,经两次硫酸铵盐析沉淀和DEAE纤维素柱层析,纯度提高了近55倍,纯化酶的最适反应温度为62～65℃,最适反应pH为4.0。于pH2.2～8.0放置过夜,酶活性基本稳定。以邻硝基苯酚β-半乳糖苷(ONPG)为底物时该酶的K_m为2.06 mmol/L。Cu~(++),Fe~(++)和N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(NBS)对酶活性有明显的抑制作用,Mn~(++)为该酶的激活剂。     

蛹虫草纤溶酶液体发酵条件的优化

在发现蛹虫草具有纤溶酶活性的基础上,对蛹虫草产纤溶酶的液体发酵条件进行了优化,以期获得最佳的产酶条件。研究结果表明,蛹虫草纤溶酶的最优培养基组成是：以20 g/L可溶性淀粉为碳源,10 g/L酵母粉为氮源,Mg2＋浓度为7 mmol/L;最适发酵初始pH值为6;最适发酵时间为4 d。     

响应面法优化Anoxybacillus sp.YIM 342产耐高温α-淀粉酶发酵条件

 利用响应面法对Anoxybacillus sp.YIM 342产耐高温α-淀粉酶的液体发酵培养条件进行优化.在单因素试验的基础上,首先应用Plackett-Burman实验设计筛选在发酵过程中对产酶量影响较大的因素,然后利用中心组合设计确定对产酶量影响较大因素的最佳水平.筛选结果表明,淀粉和CaCl₂ 的浓度以及发酵时间对产酶量有显著的影响;最佳发酵条件为:淀粉11.73 g/L,CaCl₂ 0.65 g/L,发酵时间为37.27 h,胰蛋白胨5 g/L,MgSO₄ 0.5 g/L,起始pH值6.5,转速200 r/min,温度55℃,在此条件下产酶量达到了62.71 U/mL,较初始产酶量提高了3.25倍.     

芦荟叶皮β-葡萄糖苷酶的分离纯化及酶学性质

库拉索芦荟叶皮经匀浆、柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液抽提,硫酸铵分级沉淀,DEAE-Sepharose fast flow层析和Superdex-200prep grade层析,获得电泳纯的β-葡萄糖苷酶(β-Glucosidase,BGL).纯化结果是β-葡萄糖苷酶比活力为98.48U/mg,纯化倍数为328.27倍,酶活性回收率为9.87%,全酶分子质量约为69.3kD,亚基分子质量约为69.7kD.酶学性质研究表明:β-葡萄糖苷酶的最适反应温度和最适反应pH值分别为40℃和5.0;在20~30℃及pH4.0~8.0范围内稳定性较好;最适条件下,以pNPG为底物的K_m值为2.21mmol/L,V_(max)为1.381μmol/(min·L).乙醇,抗坏血酸,Mn~(2+),K~+对该酶活性具有激活作用;SDS,Cu~(2+)对该酶活性具有强烈抑制作用;异丙醇,EDTA,尿素,Mg~(2+),Li+对该酶活性影响较小;甲醇对该酶有双重作用.     

米曲霉(Aspergillus oryzae)植酸酶的分离纯化及性质研究

从5株霉菌中筛选出1株产胞外植酸酶最高的菌株(Aspcrgillusoryxae;简称霉菌3号)。经发酵,硫酸铵分级沉淀,Sephadex G—100凝胶过滤、SE—Sephadex G—50层析和电泳分离,获得2种植酸同工酶.此两种酶的分子量为40000d,等电点分别为4.5和4.8,最适pH为2.7和5.6,最适温度为50℃,K_m值为50μmol/L。SDS、Fe_~(2+)对酶活力无影响;Mn~(2+)、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)有激活作用;Cu~(2+)有抑制作用。     

产酸克雷伯氏菌氢酶分离提纯与特性的初步研究

采用硫酸铵沉淀和柱层析 (DEAE-Sepharose F.F., Sephacryl S-200, TSK-DEAE)初步分离纯化了产酸克雷伯氏菌(Klebsiella oxytoca)HP1可溶性氢酶,研究了温度、pH值、电子载体等对氢酶催化放氢活性的影响.研究表明,可溶性氢酶催化放氢的最适温度为30℃,催化放氢的最适pH值为7.5,甲基紫晶(MV)是氢酶催化放氢的最适人工电子载体,氧对氢酶催化活性有较大的抑制作用.     

海洋烟曲霉菌代谢活性物质的萃取

以海洋烟曲霉菌为出发菌,在适宜的发酵条件下进行培养,提取代谢产物并检测其对白色念珠菌抑菌性.分别以硫酸铵、石油醚、乙酸乙酯为萃取剂,研究硫酸铵质量分数和有机溶剂的pH值对海洋烟曲霉菌代谢活性物质萃取效果的影响.结果表明,粗酶液的适宜萃取条件:萃取剂为石油醚,pH值为6,粗酶液与有机溶剂的体积比为1∶1.采用质量分数为70%的硫酸铵沉淀,萃取活性物质的酶活性最大为16.0μkat.L-1,比原粗酶液的酶活(7.9μkat.L-1)提高1倍;而采用石油醚为萃取剂,所萃取活性物质的酶活性最大为20.5μkat.L-1,比原粗酶液的酶活提高2.58倍,且抑菌性能最好,抑菌率达60%左右.     

盐湖微生物Fosmid文库纤维素酶克隆的筛选及产酶研究

利用平板影印法,从陕西花马盐湖沉积物微生物免培养Fosmid文库4 126个克隆中,筛选到具有羧甲基纤维素酶活性的克隆17个。以纤维素酶活性较强的YH-13号克隆为出发菌株,研究其产酶条件。结果表明,以麦芽糖为最适碳源,以硫酸铵为最适氮源,最适p H值为4.5,最适发酵时间为2 d,最适产酶温度为37℃时该酶活性最高。这为进一步研究利用极端盐湖沉积物微生物纤维素酶基因奠定了基础。     

木质素降解真菌粗毛栓菌(Trametes gallica)蓝色漆酶的分离纯化及性质研究

作者对粗毛栓菌(Trametesgallica)在PAG培养基条件下摇瓶培养产生漆酶的情况进行了研究.15d左右达到产酶高峰,随后进入平台期.对15d产生的漆酶进行分离纯化.4L发酵液经硫酸铵沉淀,DEAE SepharoseFastFlow柱层析和SephadexG 100柱层析,漆酶被纯化了36.9倍.经SDS PAGE验证为一条带,表观分子量约为60,000Da.纯化漆酶是一种含糖量6%的糖蛋白,且在605nm处具有蓝色漆酶Ⅰ型铜离子典型的吸收峰.以ABTS,DMP和愈创木酚为底物,反应的最适pH值分别为2.2,3.0和4.0;Km值分别为0.172×10-2,0.51,0.48mmol/L.以ABTS为底物,最适反应温度为70℃.在pH7～9处理24h,纯化漆酶仍保持较高活性.EDTA,卤素离子,NaCN和NaN3对酶活有抑制作用,其中NaN3是最强的抑制剂.纯化的蓝色漆酶不具有氨酸酶活性,但能够氧化非传统底物酚红.     

β-葡萄糖苷酶高产菌株及其应用研究

 对Hypocrea sp. W₆₃的β-葡萄糖苷酶酶学性质研究表明,该酶液体发酵最高酶活高达482.1 U/mL,最适反应pH值为4.8,最适反应温度为65 ℃;乙醇体积分数为10%时对酶活有最大促进效果,乙醇耐受能力高达30%;将该酶应用于同步糖化发酵研究中,发现发酵至120 h乙醇质量浓度可高达41.25 g/L,与对照相比,乙醇产量均提高近2倍。该菌株所产的β-葡萄糖苷酶较高的酶活力、耐热性能、乙醇耐受性和同步糖化发酵促进效果,预示着该菌在纤维素乙醇产业化应用中具有广阔的应用前景。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to