两种长杆弹侵彻半无限厚装甲钢靶研究

采用海37 mm弹道炮发射次口径钨合金和钨纤维增强非晶复合长杆弹进行了高速侵彻装甲钢靶试验,并借助三维非线性动力有限元程序ANSYS LS-DYNA对1.0~2.6 km/s速度条件下两种长杆弹侵彻半无限厚装甲钢靶问题进行了数值模拟,分析了弹体材料和速度对其侵彻性能的影响,并对其毁伤机理进行了初步分析.实验与数值计算结果均表明钨纤维增强非晶复合长杆弹的侵彻性能优于钨合金长杆弹;实验侵彻过程中,钨纤维增强非晶复合长杆弹产生了自锐现象,而钨合金长杆弹则是形成了蘑菇头;数值模拟结果表明两种长杆弹的破坏模式随入射弹速的变化而变化.     

A3钢抗高速杆弹侵彻的数值模拟与实验研究

为研究高强度钢杆弹侵彻低强度钢靶板的侵彻规律,运用AUTODYN动力学软件对35CrMnSiA杆弹在1.0～1.8 km/s着速下对A3钢半无限靶的侵彻过程进行了仿真和实验研究.数值模拟和实验分别采用动力有限元-光滑粒子动力学(FE-SPH)耦合算法和侵彻深度(DOP)方法进行.计算及实验结果的一致证明了FE-SPH耦合算法在该文工况下的适用性.研究表明,高强度钢弹侵彻低强度靶的过程分为破碎侵彻和刚性侵彻2个阶段,侵深随着速单调非增而剩余弹长随着速单调递减.     

陶瓷复合靶侵彻问题的数值模拟研究

在质点网格法的基础上,提出了质点映射算法,给出了在欧拉算法下脆性材料累积损伤破坏的数值方法. 将陶瓷材料的JH-2损伤本构模型嵌入自主开发的MMIC-2D欧拉型爆炸与冲击问题数值模拟程序中,利用该程序对钨杆侵彻陶瓷复合靶板问题进行了数值模拟,获得了靶板的动态破坏过程图像,并分析了盖板和侧向约束对抗侵彻能力的影响. 数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,验证了算法的有效性.     

弹体侵彻混凝土的三维数值模拟研究

随着技术的发展,弹体侵彻速度已经由低速侵彻(侵彻速度<900 m/s)向高速侵彻(1 200 m/s<侵彻速度<1 700 m/s)发展. 这将导致弹体的侵彻性能发生本质性变化,严重影响弹体在混凝土中的运动轨迹,甚至会导致弹体的破坏与失效. 侵彻过程中弹体所受到的压力极高,并且会产生大变形,对该过程进行全物理场的数值模拟需要处理大变形、多物质界面以及各类强间断的问题. 针对三维冲击问题数值模拟的困难,课题组设计了三维爆炸与冲击问题高性能仿真软件(Explosion-3D). 采用该软件对弹体高速侵彻混凝土进行数值模拟研究,弹体材料选用普通的45#钢,研究其在高速侵彻下的弹体形状的变化情况,采用对混合网格的处理来描述弹体的磨损. 数值模拟结果表明,对于45#钢这类普通材料,当其高速(1 400 m/s)侵彻混凝土时,弹体头部将出现严重变化且侵彻深度急剧下降.     

炸高对钨铜射流空气及水中侵彻的影响

为了研究炸高对射流空气及水中侵彻深度的影响,利用AUTODYN软件数值模拟了钨铜合金射流在空气及水中对钢板的侵彻深度.研究结果表明,无论空气还是水中侵彻,都存在一个最佳炸高;当炸高小于4倍装药直径时,水中侵彻深度大于空气中情形;水介质在一定程度上起着炸高的作用,同时对射流头部又产生侵蚀效果.     

攻角对长杆弹高速斜侵彻性能的影响

为了提高穿甲弹的侵彻性能,研究了攻角对杆式弹侵彻性能的影响规律。利用非线性动力学有限元分析软件,对长径比为21的钨芯长杆弹高速斜侵彻匀质钢板进行了一系列数值模拟,得到了侵蚀杆式弹侵彻半无限靶板时弹靶系统的变化过程。理论计算及数值模拟均表明,带攻角侵彻时弹道轨迹向有利于穿透靶板的一侧偏转。通过对剩余动能、侵彻深度、剩余速度、穿透时间各因素的分析,得出了对长径比为21的钨合金杆式弹穿深有利的攻角范围为-0.2°δ0°,给弹丸设计及发射过程中的参数优化提供理论依据。     

EFP侵彻陶瓷/金属复合靶实验运动网格法模拟

为高效地实现EFP弹丸成型、飞行及大炸高下侵彻氧化铝陶瓷/金属复合靶过程的数值模拟研究,采用JH-2模型描述99氧化铝陶瓷本构关系,运动网格法进行流场计算,流固耦合算法实现EFP对复合靶板的侵彻作用.该方法解决了EFP在大炸高下形成及侵彻靶板过程计算总网格数过多问题,获得了侵彻过程中陶瓷的损伤演化和分布以及在A3钢背板中的侵彻深度.结果表明:数值模拟所得EFP头部速度值与实验值基本一致,尾部速度值略高于实验值,EFP的长径比略高于实验值;在背板中的残余侵深比实验结果略高,但差别不大;EFP在钢背板中的残余侵彻深度随陶瓷厚度的增加而减小,残余侵深与陶瓷厚度之间基本呈线性关系.     

钨球高速侵彻低碳钢板成坑直径的计算模型

为研究钨球对低碳钢板高速侵彻成坑直径的分析方法.采用12.7mm弹道枪和57.5mm/14.5mm二级轻气炮加载方式,进行了Φ6mm和Φ7mm钨球以600~2400m/s撞击速度侵彻不同厚度Q235A钢板实验,根据实验现象分析了弹-靶作用过程,对不同侵彻速度下钢板上侵彻孔边缘进行了扫描电镜(SEM)观察.研究结果表明,撞击速度在1000m/s时,靶体破坏以动态断裂为主,当撞击速度达到1500m/s以上时靶体破坏以塑性流动为主;据此,同时考虑钨球塑性变形、靶体动态屈服和塑性流动,建立了钨球高速侵彻低碳钢板成坑直径的计算模型,模型计算结果与实验偏差在12%以内.      

动能弹低速侵彻装甲靶板过载数值模拟

 数值模拟和实验研究动能弹侵彻装甲靶板作用行为,初步获得了着速、着角对过载的影响规律。AUTODYN-3D数值模拟结果表明,着速、着角对侵彻过载影响明显,侵彻过载峰值随着速的增加而增大,随着着角增大而减小,但变化趋势有所缓和。针对不同速度正侵彻问题进行了实验验证,数值模拟结果与实验结果较为吻合,结果均表明,随着速度的增加,过载呈现出明显增大的趋势,且最大过载出现时间为0.05—0.2ms范围内。     

高速碰撞下二次破片光滑粒子流体力学法数值模拟

采用AUTODYN-2D无网格光滑粒子流体力学方法(SPH)数值技术,对遭遇速度为1.5～2.5 km/s下圆柱钨弹丸垂直碰撞装甲靶板产生的二次破片云分布特征进行了数值模拟,获得了不同碰撞速度下靶板穿孔直径及破片云前端运动速度、侧向膨胀速度和最大飞散角等分布特征.在此基础上,建立了二次破片云质量及空间分布预测模型.结果表明,数值模拟和模型预测均与实验结果相吻合.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

<正>~~     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

英文诗歌中的喻类修辞

为了有助于提高英文爱好者的个人情操、文化素养和学习兴趣,以及专业人员对英语学习和研究进行多途径的探索,本文通过一些精选诗歌的引证和分析,着重论述了喻类修辞法在英文诗歌中的运用其及效果。     

Man Is Unable to Change the Miserable Life——Analysis of the Arrangement of Four Characters in The Glass Menagerie

Tennessee Williams is considered as one of the most important American playwrights since World War II.The Glass Menagerie is his first successful drama,which describes a tragic situation of family and means to say that Man is unable to change the miserable life,no matter whatever means he try,This essay focuses on the analysis of the arrangement of the four main characters:Laura.Amanda,Jim and Tom to reveal the theme.Laura is fragile.Amanda is brave.Jim is vital.Tom is sensible.And all of them develop and try the different means to struggle against life,but fail tragically.With the evidence,the paper comes to conclusion naturally that Man is unable to change the miserable life,and he dooms to fail.     

Characterization of root-nodulating bacteria on Retama raetam in arid Tunisian soils

The aim of this study is to investigate the diversity of Retama raetam root-nodule bacteria isolated from arid regions of Tunisia. Twelve isolates, chosen as representative for different 16S rRNA gene patterns, were characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phenotypic analysis. Isolates were assigned to Sinorhizobium, Rhizobium and Agrobacterium. Symbiotic properties of Sinorhizobium and Rhizobium isolates showed a large diversity in their capacity to infect their host plant and fix atmospheric nitrogen. Strain RK 22 identified as Rhizobium was the most effective isolate.     

An Affordable Accurate Evaluation of the Binding Conformations Predicted by Molecular Docking Studies in Bio-System

正Recently,docking has been widely used to predict the binding-modes of protein-inhibitors,when the crystal complexes structure was absent.Most docking algorithms are able to generate a large number of probable conformations,it,however,is difficult to effectively evaluate these docking poses and identify the most reasonable bindingmode.In the present study,on the basis of the crystallographic data of human 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme     

WIMAX与WI-FI技术分析及联合组网

介绍了WiMAX与Wi-Fi两种无线宽带接入技术,并对两者之间的关系及相互之间的影响做了对比及分析,并对WiMAX的关键技术进行了详细说明,最后对两者的联合组网方式做了简单的探讨。