橘皮中黄酮类化合物的提取工艺及抗氧化性研究

试验从微波辐射辅助处理后的橘皮中提取黄酮类化合物,确定了最优的实验操作参数,同时研究了黄酮类化合物提取液对羟基自由基(·OH)和超氧阴离子(O2-·)的清除效果.采用直接回流法,以芦丁为对照品,通过UV2050紫外光谱仪对橘皮中的黄酮类化合物含量进行了测定,并计算出产率.在单因素试验的结果上运用正交试验设计对黄酮类化合物的提取工艺进行了优化,得出橘皮中提取黄酮类化合物最优工艺条件为:时间180min,温度80℃,物料比1∶10,70%的乙醇,pH=7.在此工艺条件下黄酮类化合物的提取率最高,其提取率可达86.73 mg/g.此方法较传统提取工艺优良,且条件容易达到和控制.橘皮中黄酮类化合物提取液对羟基自由基(·OH)和超氧阴离子(O2-·)具有一定的清除效果,当黄酮类化合物浓度为0.18mg/mL时对·OH清除效果高达37.72%,0.14mg/mL时对O2-·清除效果可达28.49%.     

石松黄酮类化合物的抗氧化作用研究

以贵州省六盘水野生的石松为原料,利用70%乙醇作为提取介质,对石松黄酮类化合物进行了提取.采用邻苯三酚自氧化法、水杨酸比色法分别测定了石松黄酮提取物清除超氧阴离子自由基(O2)以及羟基自由基(—OH)的效果.结果表明,不同浓度的石松黄酮类化合物能显著地清除超氧阴离子自由基和羟基自由基,随着石松种子黄酮类化合物浓度的升高其抗氧化性作用逐渐增强.     

枇杷叶黄酮类化合物含量测定及抗氧化性研究

采用分光光度法测定枇杷叶黄酮类化合物含量,采用Fenton法和邻苯三酚自氧法测定枇杷叶黄酮类化合物对·OH和O_2~-·的清除作用。结果表明,枇杷叶黄酮类化合物含量为78.86 mg·g~(-1),样品回收率为100.2%。枇杷叶黄酮类化合物对·OH和O_2~-·有较强的清除作用,其清除作用随枇杷叶黄酮类化合物质量浓度的增加而增强。     

超声波提取芦笋皮中黄酮类化合物及其抗氧化活性的研究

应用超声波技术,以芦笋皮为原料提取黄酮类化合物,探讨超声波的提取时间、超声波功率、乙醇浓度、温度及料液比等因素对其总黄酮提取效果的影响.通过单因素试验与正交试验分析得出最佳提取工艺条件:超声波强度为100%、提取时间为75min、乙醇浓度80%、温度为75℃、料液比为1∶100.该工艺条件下提取黄酮类化合物提取含量为10.23mg/g.芦笋皮中黄酮类化合物对氧自由基和羟自由基均有较强的抑制和清除能力,其抗氧化活性随着样品浓度的增大而增强,且抗氧化活性强于芦丁和抗坏血酸.     

荷叶黄酮类物质的提取及其抗氧化活性的研究

研究了荷叶中黄酮类物质的提取及其对猪油的抗氧化作用.首先,采用单因素实验法确定了从荷叶中提取黄酮类化合物的最佳五因素五水平的选择实验.得出最佳提取条件:以50%的乙醇作提取剂,按1∶25的固液比,温度为40℃,pH值为5.15,提取时间为90 min。其次,研究了提取物对猪油的抗氧化作用.将提取液以不同比例添加到猪油中,恒温并定期用Na2S2O3-I2滴定法测油样的过氧化值,结果表明:荷叶中黄酮类化合物对猪油有明显的抗氧化作用,且黄酮类化合物的添加量在实验剂量范围内与其抗氧化性呈正相关;当添加量为0.5%时,荷叶中黄酮类化合物的抗氧化性能可与BHT相媲美;同时还研究了荷叶提取物与Vc的协同抗氧化作用,结果表明荷叶黄酮类化合物与Vc有较好的增效协同效应。     

山楂黄酮的微波提取及抗氧化性研究

采用微波法对山楂中黄酮类化合物进行提取,探讨了山楂中黄酮类化合物提取工艺的影响因素.通过正交实验,得出微波法提取山楂黄酮的优化条件为：功率为300w,时间为3min,料液比为1：15（g/ml）,在此条件下,提取黄酮类化合物得率为8.02%.山楂黄酮有较强的清除自由基能力,表现出明显的抗氧化性.     

鱼腥草中黄酮类化合物的提取工艺及其对自由基清除能力的研究

使用回流提取的实验方法,在单因素实验的基础上结合正交实验设计手段,对鱼腥草中黄酮类化合物的提取工艺进行了优化研究.考察了不同反应因素,包括:温度、时间、提取次数、pH等对黄酮类化合物提取的影响;同时对提取得到的黄酮类化合物进行了自由基清除能力的实验,并与同浓度下维生素C对三种自由基的清除效果进行了对比.自由基包括:羟基自由基(·OH)、超氧阴离子自由基(·O_2~-)及DPPH.优化结果表明:当温度为75℃,乙醇体积分数为50%,时间为200 min,pH为9.0,料液比为1∶10时,为黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺,此时其提取量为37.023 mg·g~(-1).黄酮类化合物对三种自由基(·OH、·O_2~-、DPPH)均可消除.当黄酮类化合物浓度在0～0. 120 mg·m L~(-1)之间时,对自由基的清除能力会随浓度升高而增大;但当黄酮类化合物浓度近0.120 mg·m L~(-1)时,对·OH、·O_2~-、DPPH自由基的清除率趋于平稳,但均低于同浓度下维生素C对各自由基的清除率.     

超声波提取蕤核叶黄酮类化合物的工艺研究

研究超声波辅助提取蕤核叶中黄酮类化合物的工艺.通过单因素试验确定黄酮得率的主要因素和最佳范围,运用正交设计确定出最佳组合工艺条件.结果显示:利用超声波提取蕤核叶黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺条件是60%乙醇溶液,料液比为1∶30,在40℃提取70 min,该条件下的提取量为4.970 mg·g~(-1).     

马鞭草中总黄酮的超声波辅助提取及其抗氧化活性研究

目的研究马鞭草总黄酮的超声波辅助提取方法。方法通过单因素试验和正交试验,探讨影响超声波辅助提取马鞭草总黄酮的优化工艺条件,并对马鞭草中黄酮类化合物的抗氧化活进行测定。结果马鞭草中总黄酮的最佳超声提取工艺条件为乙醇溶液体积分数70％、固液比1：40（g／mL）、超声功率500W、超声辅助提取温度70℃条件下提取20min,在此条件下提取率可达2．87％。影响马鞭草中总黄酮提取效果的主次因素为：固液比〉超声波功率〉提取温度〉乙醇体积分数。马鞭草黄酮类化合物具有清除羟自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的作用,其清除效果在一定范围内随着黄酮类化合物质量浓度的增加而增强。结论运用超声波辅助提取法从马鞭草中提取黄酮类化合物可以加快提取速度,提高提取效率,方法简单,结果准确,重现性好,是提取马鞭草总黄酮的有效途径。     

大蒜提取物中总酚含量及其抗氧化活性研究

分别以水、体积分数为50%的乙醇、加酶水和加酶的体积分数为50%的乙醇为溶剂,采用超声波提取大蒜,用Folin-Ciocalteu法测定提取物中总酚含量,研究提取物对DPPH.、.OH和O2的清除能力.实验结果表明:提取剂水、体积分数为50%的乙醇、加酶水和加酶的体积分数为50%的乙醇的超声波在100 g大蒜的提取物中总酚含量依次为112.7、102.4、171.1和130.8 mg.4种提取物对DPPH.、.OH和O2均具有较强的清除能力,表明其均具有较强的抗氧化活性.大蒜提取物抗氧化活性与其总酚含量呈明显的量效关系.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.