考虑润滑碰撞的精密轴承保持架动态特性

保持架作为轴承中的浮动组件,在套圈引导和滚动体撞击作用下随机运动,其动态特性直接影响精密轴承的服役性能。为了准确分析保持架的动态特性,考虑轴承保持架和滚动体之间真实润滑状态和碰撞过程建立了滚动体和保持架润滑碰撞模型及精确的保持架动力学模型,分析了轴承预紧力、径向载荷、内圈转速及引导-兜孔间隙比对精密轴承保持架动态特性的影响规律。实验结果表明,相比于传统的保持架兜孔-滚动体干摩擦模型,考虑润滑的保持架动态特性分析与实验现象更吻合。相同转速下,增大预紧力或径向载荷可以降低保持架打滑率,相比径向载荷,预紧力对保持架打滑的影响更大。保持架在低速和高速下呈现不同的打滑形式,低速下外载荷对保持架打滑影响不大;高速下外载荷对保持架打滑影响较大。相同预紧时保持架打滑率随轴承内圈转速增加而增加,中预紧时转速对保持架打滑影响最小。随着引导间隙-兜孔间隙比的增加,保持架打滑率降低。研究工作可为精密轴承保持架的设计提供一定的依据。     

高速滚动轴承运动特性的表面粗糙效应

在高速滚动轴承运动特性分析中,考虑了表面粗糙效应。对高速滚动轴承保持架和滚子运动性能进行了测定。分析了轴承元件表面粗糙度对转速及其滑差率的影响,揭示了表面粗糙效应对轴承运转的动力学影响。寻找轴承元件打滑的原因,探索提高轴承寿命的新途径。     

加速工况下圆柱滚子轴承运动特性

为了准确分析加速过程中圆柱滚子轴承的运动特性,建立圆柱滚子轴承动力学模型,模型中考虑加速度、运行工况、结构参数以及润滑剂流变特性等参数,对轴承运动特性进行瞬态以及时变分析。研究结果表明:考虑润滑剂的黏弹性可以提高动力学模型的预测精度。加速度对轴承打滑影响较大,尤其对非承载区滚子的转速影响较大;加速度越大,轴承滚子和保持架打滑越严重;轴承在加速过程中,滚子转速随时间呈阶梯上升,而保持架转速呈线性增大;滚子由承载区进入非承载区时,滚子转速先略微减小,由非承载区进入承载区时,滚子转速骤然增大;滚子与内滚道间相对滑动速度vij大于滚子与外滚道间的相对滑动速度voj,由于加速度的影响,相对滑动速度voj的方向在最大承载区附近发生变化;在非承载区,滚子与内滚道相对滑动速度较大,大载荷以及小轴承游隙可以有效减小相对滑动速度。     

锥孔双列短圆柱滚子轴承的动态特性分析

建立了锥孔双列短圆柱滚子轴承动态特性分析理论,用Matlab工具开发了具有自主知识产权的分析软件.以3182120型锥孔双列短圆柱滚子轴承为对象,在0～15 000 r/min的范围内分析了径向刚度与转速、径向预紧及外加径向载荷等因素之间的非线性关系.研究表明:由于离心力的存在,锥孔双列短圆柱滚子轴承的径向刚度随着转速的提高呈非线性软化现象;随着径向预紧量的增加,轴承的径向刚度有所增大;在确定的预紧量下,轴承达到某一转速时,滚子将脱离内圈而导致轴承无法正常工作;径向载荷的变化对轴承径向刚度的影响可以忽略.锥孔双列短圆柱滚子轴承动特性参数分析理论、方法与软件为高速机床主轴部件的动态设计提供了有力的工具.     

双列圆锥滚子轴承动力学分析

基于滚动轴承动力学理论,建立了双列圆锥滚子轴承动力学分析模型。采用精细积分法和预估-校正Adams-Bashforth-Moulton多步法相结合的方法,对轴承非线性动力学微分方程进行求解。研究了双列圆锥滚子轴承的最大接触压力、滚子打滑率、滚子歪斜角以及轴承疲劳寿命等动态性能。分析结果表明:轴承的最大接触压力随轴向预紧量的增加呈先减小后增大的趋势,最佳预紧量随外载荷的增加而变大;滚子歪斜角随径向载荷的增加而变大,"压紧"侧的滚子歪斜角略微大于"放松"侧;轴承疲劳寿命随轴向预紧量的增加而增大直至最大值,随后迅速下降。     

高速球轴承防滑最小轴向力研究

高速球轴承的滚动体受到较大的离心力和陀螺力矩作用,容易产生打滑和剧烈磨损.综合考虑径向载荷、轴向载荷、离心力和陀螺力矩的作用,建立了高速滚动轴承力学模型,并通过弹流润滑牵引力模型和防滑准则,得到了不同位置处滚珠的最大摩擦因数和防止滚珠打滑的最小轴向力.结果显示滚珠与滚道间的最大摩擦因数在一定范围内变化,且最小轴向力随着转速和径向载荷的增加而增加.     

基于能量损耗的滚子轴承摩阻力臂计算

为了解决水工闸门滚子轴承的摩擦问题,首先讨论了该摩擦产生的原因,并将其概括为微观滑动、弹性滞后以及黏着效应;然后根据能量守恒原理推导了滚子轴承的摩阻力臂;最后选用常用的滚子轴承材料进行摩阻力臂计算,结果发现滚子轴承的摩阻力臂与打滑比成正比,而与载荷成反比.前者主要是由于打滑比增加时,滚子的微观滑动耗散的能量增加引起的.后者主要是当滚子轴承所承受的载荷增加时,整个接触面内发生微观滑动的面积降低引起的.     

轴承滚子加工精度对高速电主轴动力学性能的影响

以高速电主轴为研究对象,建立了能够在考虑滚子加工精度的情况下计算电主轴支承轴承每一个滚子受力和轴承刚度的计算模型和转子的动力学模型。结合具体算例研究了滚子加工精度对轴承轴心轨迹、转子临界转速、前三阶振型及不平衡响应的影响,同时研究了径向载荷对高速电主轴不平衡响应的影响。数值计算结果表明,当滚子的加工精度在理想状态时,轴承轴心运动轨迹为一个椭圆,随着滚子加工精度的降低,轴承轴心运动轨迹不再是一个椭圆。当滚动体加工精度和轴向载荷不变时,径向载荷越大,轴端的不平衡响应振幅越大。随着滚动体加工精度的降低,转子的临界转速减小,前三阶振型基本不变。当转子角速度相同时,加工精度越低,转子不平衡响应振幅越大;当加工精度不变时,随着转子角速度的增大,转子不平衡响应振幅越大。     

采用频谱细化的超声法在线测量滚动轴承保持架转速

针对实际工况下超声时间差法在线测量滚动轴承保持架转速的噪声抑制及高速测量准确性问题,提出了一种采用频谱细化的滚动轴承保持架转速超声测量方法。通过引入自相关分析及快速傅里叶变换抑制时域噪声对超声回波脉冲信号的影响,使用线性调频Z变换(CZT)频谱细化算法提高滚动体通过频率的计算精度,进而提高轴承保持架转速测量准确性。28 000r/min下的高速滚动轴承保持架转速超声测量试验结果表明,该方法能够有效克服实际工况下的噪声影响,实现高速实际工况下轴承保持架转速波动的准确测量,测量误差在0.1%以内。     

沟槽型织构化圆锥滚子轴承保持架的动力学分析

为揭示织构化圆锥滚子轴承保持架的动力学行为，首先利用三维建模软件对轴承外滚道进行了径向沟槽织构化处理，沟槽的深度为50μm,宽度分别为54.59μm, 233.27μm, 466.52μm,对应周向角度分别为0.117°,0.5°,0.9°。沟槽条数为30,再利用Adams平台对织构化滚动轴承保持架质心运动轨迹进行了动力学仿真分析。结果表明：随着轴承内圈转速的提高，保持架质心的运动轨迹呈椭圆的趋势越明显，保持架稳定性也越高，在相同转速条件下，适当的织构参数可以降低保持架质心运动轨迹的波动性，织构宽度为233.27μm,对应周向角度0.5°的保持架质心轨迹波动最小，运行更为稳定。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.