掺钆液闪探测器用于锦屏地下实验室的快中子本底测量

文章采用掺杂0.5%Gd液闪探测器测量了中国锦屏地下实验室(CJPL)的快中子本底通量及中子能谱.掺钆液闪探测器对于核反冲信号和电子反冲信号优异的甄别性能用于中子候选事例的筛选,并采用钆对热中子的俘获特性进行时间甄别.对有效采数时间为206 d的数据进行分析,获得锦屏地下实验室的聚乙烯室(PE)内1～10 MeV快中子通量为4.45×10~(-8)cm~(-2)·s~(-1).采用相似的方式分析了掺钆液闪探测器(Gd-Ls)中天然放射系的α本底程度,来源于~(238)U,~(235)U,~(232)Th的α粒子含量分别为(0.0227±0.0001) s~(-1),(0.0329±0.0001) s~(-1)和(0.1471±0.0002) s~(-1).与世界上其他深地实验室的快中子通量进行对比,CJPL的快中子通量处于极低水平,是进行稀有事例测量实验的理想场所.     

载钆液闪探测器的稳定性测试与探测效率刻度

中国暗物质实验(China dark matter experiment,CDEX)合作组设计并研制了大体积载钆液体闪烁体快中子探测器,用于中国锦屏地下实验室(China JinPing underground laboratory,CJPL)的快中子本底测量。该探测器基于反冲质子信号与钆俘获热中子产生的γ信号之间的符合测量方法,有效地抑制环境γ本底,提高对快中子的探测灵敏度。该文对该探测器进行了稳定性测试和单能中子探测效率刻度,实验结果表明:该探测器稳定可靠,且具有良好的中子、γ信号甄别能力,以及较高的探测效率,适合对地下实验室极低通量快中子进行测量。     

14.7MeV中子在铅上小角弹性散射测量

利用快中子位置炅敏谱仪和伴随粒子飞行时间技术测量了14.7 Mev中子在Pb上的小角弹性散射微分戴面、给出了2.7°—9.9°角区与最新发表的实验数据比较一致的微分截面值,证明利用长液闪快中子位置炅敏谱仪新技术测量小角散射是可行的。     

5~10 MeV能区γ本底对锦屏深地核天体物理反应测量的影响探究

天体物理感兴趣能区(伽莫夫窗口)的带电粒子核反应截面极小,在地面进行测量会受到宇宙射线诱发本底的严重干扰．进行地下实验室核反应测量成为解决这一问题的主要途径．锦屏深地核天体物理实验（JUNA）装置是我国首个地下核天体反应测量设施,为开展恒星核合成关键反应直接测量提供了绝佳机遇．本工作测量了锗酸铋(BGO)探测阵列和溴化镧(LaBr₃)探测器在JUNA装置上的γ本底能谱,并通过减小符合时间、点火数选择、粒子甄别等技术,进一步压低了5~10 MeV能区的γ本底,同时讨论了探测器本底对部分JUNA计划开展的核天体反应测量的影响．      

Elman神经网络在中子解谱中的应用

人工神经网络由于其优良的自我调节能力及学习能力,已经被广泛地应用在各领域的非线性分析中.在中国锦屏极深地下实验室(CJPL)中的低本底液闪中子探测器一直在记录着中子的本底数据,探测器输出的能谱实际上是核反冲能谱,与输入能谱可一一对应,并随着输入能谱的改变而发生改变;因此可以将探测器输出信号输入到训练过的神经网络中判断输入能谱.本论文采用的神经网络为Elman神经网络,训练神经网络采用的数据为Geant4模拟所得.将实验获取的核反冲能谱输入到训练过的神经网路进行反解,最后Elman网络反解出的Am-Be中子源能谱与真实谱误差在0.1%～11.8%,反解出的~(252)Cf中子源能谱与真实谱误差在0.1%～8.9%.     

大亚湾反应堆中微子实验的快中子本底研究

在大亚湾反应堆中微子实验反电子中微子信号残留快中子本底估算的研究中,可以通过对仅经过内水池探测系统的μ子致散裂快中子的分析,实现对快中子快信号能谱的测定.给出快中子的快信号各类本底信噪比和能谱,进而确定可以用线性外推法对反电子中微子信号中的残留快中子本底数目进行估算.     

锗酸铋晶体中子辐照诱导色心的研究

对锗酸铋晶体进行了两种不同剂量的14.6MeV快中子辐照.利用常规的核探测技术,通过测量其辐照前后　Cs的γ能谱来观察峰总比的变化,研究了辐照诱导色心对于荧光输出和中子剂量对于辐照诱导色本底能谱和137心密度的影响.     

高纯锗探测器在粒子物理与天体物理中的应用

本文介绍了近年来高纯锗探测器技术的发展和新型高纯锗探测器在粒子物理、天体物理领域的应用,特别是高纯锗探测器在暗物质直接探测、双β衰变实验等极低本底的重要基础前沿研究方面的应用.中国已经建成了世界垂直岩石覆盖最深的地下实验室——中国锦屏地下实验室.中国科学家组成的CDEX研究团队拟利用吨量级的点接触电极高纯锗探测器阵列系统,在中国锦屏地下实验室开展暗物质直接实验研究,本文也介绍了这一实验计划.     

长计数器的效率刻度及其应用

为了准确测定241Am-Be 中子源的强度,研制了一套长计数器测量系统,并利用四川大学2.5MV质子静电加速器产生的单能中子在多个中子能点对其探测效率进行刻度,在刻度过程中中子注量由金活化法确定,并采用挡锥法扣除大厅散射中子本底的贡献.结果表明我们研制的长计数器在所刻度的中子能区范围内具有很好的坪特性.用该长计数器测量系统测得241Am-Be 源的强度为7.188×105/s ,不确定度为3.5%.     

修正快中子通量以提高碳氧测量精度的研究

用MCNP-4C程序模拟了30个煤炭样品,并找出快中子通量与元素含量间的关系.利用文献方法计算出元素含量,并以此含量修正快中子通量,修正后可以提高元素的测量精度,提高精度后的元素含量反过来可以修正中子通量.结果表明,经过多次修正后,测量精度得到较大的提高,能够达到煤炭工业应用的要求.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to