基于小波变换的图像矢量量化方法

从人眼视觉特性的角度研究基于小波变换的图像压缩算法。分析了图像经小波变换后得到的子带图像的视觉特性和统计特性，对传统的矢量量化算法给予改进，提出了一种基于小波变换，符合人眼视觉特性的矢量量化－Ｗａｌｓｈ－Ｈａｄａｍａｒｄ变换域下的矢量量化算法。     

一种基于小波变换的矢量量化算法

提出了一种基于波变换的矢量量化逄法，算法利用小波变换后各子带间的相关性，合理地构造矢量。采用最优矢量量化器设计原则，给出了小波域的误差竞争学习算法（DCL）。实验表明，这种算法获得的码本优于其它几种算法。     

基于双正交小波的快速矢量量化算法

提出了一种用于图象压缩的矢量量化算法．该算法通过构造符合图象小波变换系数特征的跨频带矢量,利用小波系数之间的相关性,提高了图象的编码效率和重构质量．同时,该算法又采用了两种新的矢量量化技术——非线性插补矢量量化（ＮＬＩＶＱ）和渐进构造聚类（ＰＣＣ）,提高了矢量量化的速度和码书质量．实验结果证明,该算法在比特率为０．１７２ｂｐｐ的条件下仍能获得ＰＳＮＲ＞３４ｄＢ的高质量重构图象．研究图象小波变换系数的固有特性是提高矢量量化性能的关键,而提高矢量量化速度是这类算法得以实用的重要前提．     

基于小波变换和混合神经网络的图像压缩算法

提出了一种将空间方向小波零树编码与混合神经网络相结合，新的多尺度系数矢量量化策略．该算法在对图像进行多级小波变换后，利用3个方向上各自小波系数之间的相关性，构造符合图像特征的跨频带矢量，依据矢量能量和零树矢量的思想进行矢量分类，分别利用主元分析和自组织特征映射神经网络对3个方向的多尺度系数矢量进行基于视觉的加权矢量量化压缩编码．仿真实验结果表明该算法是合理可行的．     

一种基于自适应小波变换的矢量量化方法

运用小波变换进行图像压缩的算法其核心都是小波变换的多分辨率分析以及对不同尺度的小波系数的量化和编码.本文提出了一种基于能量的自适应双正交小波变换和矢量量化相结合的算法.即在一定的能量准则下,根据子图像的能量大小决定是否进行小波分解,然后给出恰当的小波系数量化.该方法充分利用了不同尺度间小波系数的相关性并采用自组织特征映射神经网络进行矢量量化.实验表明,该方法获得较高的编码效率和重构图像质量.     

矢量量化的等误差竞争学习算法

提出了一种使各区域子误差相等的矢量量化算法，该算法利用小波变换后各子带间的相关性，合 理构造矢量，采用最优矢量量化器设计原则，通过调整学习过程中各子区域的误差，使之趋于相等，改善总 的期望误差，获得更接近全局最优的码书。实验表明，这种算法获得的码本优于其它几种算法。     

一种结合小波变换的矢量量化快速编码算法

研究了一种基于均方误差(MSE)测度的矢量量化快速编码算法。算法利用小波变换的特点，合理构造矢量，结合非线性插补矢量量化技术、矢量和值差法、部分失真排除法和一些典型的小波系数的极性判断，在搜索编码过程中，有效排除部分候选码字。实验结果表明。相对于穷尽搜索方法，计算量有明显降低，计算时间减少约98％。     

基于小波变换的矢量量化快速编码算法

提出了一种基于均方误差（MSE）测度的矢量量化快速编码算法，算法利用小波变换的特点，合理地构造矢量，结合非线性插补矢量量化技术、矢量和值差法和部分失真排除法，在搜索编码过程中，有效排除部分候选码字。实验结果表明，相对于穷尽搜索方法，计算量有明显降低，计算时间减少约97%。     

基于小波变换的图像矢量量化研究

本文提出了一种基于离散小波变换的有损矢量量化快速算法,这种算法对图像小波分解后低频系数和高频系数首先进行浮点数取整处理,再分别采用不同的精度用传统的LBG算法生成码本,进行矢量量化,以期达到提高运算速度。仿真结果表明信噪比等一系列指标基本不变的情况下,运算速度有一定的提高。     

一种基于小波变换的图像压缩方法

提出了一种基于小波变换的灰度图像数据压缩方法,采用双正交小波对像进行分解,作分解后系数的矢量量化。使用频率敏感自组织特征映射算法生成码书。这可避免直接矢量量化时的块效应,且相对于正交小波,恢复图像的质量也有所提高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with