C80自密实混凝土的试验研究与应用

采用聚羧酸系高效减水剂,通过对硅灰、粉煤灰及矿渣粉不同组合的试验研究,在不掺加硅灰的情况下,配制出成本低廉、工作性能良好的C80级自密实混凝土,并在工程中成功应用。     

聚羧酸系减水剂在客运专线工程中的应用研究

介绍聚羧酸系减水剂在满足铁路客运专线高性能混凝土综合性能方面的能力和特点,分析了工程应用中使用聚羧酸系减水剂存在的一些问题。提出解决聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥的相容性问题以及保持聚羧酸系减水剂本身质量稳定性是目前该减水剂应用的关键。     

高氧化铁粉煤灰影响聚羧酸减水剂吸附特性的机理

采用净浆流动度、ζ电位、总有机碳(TOC)、红外光谱等实验,研究粉煤灰中氧化铁含量对不同结构聚羧酸减水剂吸附性能的影响,探讨氧化铁影响聚羧酸减水剂对水泥分散性能的机理,并提出了相应改进方法.结果表明:粉煤灰中氧化铁含量对掺不同结构聚羧酸减水剂的水泥净浆流动度均有很大影响,当氧化铁质量为粉煤灰总质量的18%时相应浆体基本失去流动性;加入硫化钠能使氧化铁与聚羧酸减水剂的吸附性能降低,浆体流动度有所改善.高氧化铁粉煤灰对聚羧酸减水剂的吸附性很强,与普通Ⅱ级粉煤灰相比,外加剂溶液中有机碳的含量要减少1/3.电泳实验表明:氧化铁的含量越多,体系ζ电位绝对值越小,分散稳定性越差.红外光谱表明:硫化钠的加入降低了高氧化铁粉煤灰对聚羧酸减水剂的吸附.     

助磨剂对水泥与减水剂相容性的影响及改善

以净浆流动度作为水泥与减水剂相容性的评价指标,试验研究了多种助磨剂对水泥与萘系减水剂或聚羧酸减水剂相容性的影响规律,探讨了缓凝剂和引气剂对水泥与减水剂相容性的改善作用。结果表明,助磨剂对水泥与萘系减水剂相容性的影响较大,对水泥与聚羧酸减水剂相容性的影响较小。缓凝剂和引气剂均能改善水泥与萘系减水剂的相容性,随其掺加量的增加,改善作用逐渐增大。含缓凝剂/引气剂的复合助磨剂对水泥净浆流动度有一定的改善作用,并延缓水泥的凝结时间。含缓凝剂的复合助磨剂对水泥有增强作用,而含引气剂的复合助磨剂会降低水泥的胶砂强度。     

国内外聚羧酸系高性能减水剂的性能比较

选取了国内外4个品牌5种聚羧酸系高性能减水剂作为研究对象,分别从水泥净浆流动度、与水泥的相容性、保坍性以及产品的性价比等方面进行了对比研究.研究表明:不同品牌的国内外聚羧酸系减水剂具备了低掺量、高减水率、保坍性好、增强效果显著等共同特点,但是与水泥的相容性存在着较大差异.分析认为,国产聚羧酸系高性能减水剂产品与国外同类产品相比,技术性能差距不大,基本上处于同一档次,但是却拥有明显的价格优势.与此同时,我国庞大的建筑市场为国内外聚羧酸系高性能减水剂的推广应用提供了广阔的发展空间,使其具有良好的应用前景.     

聚羧酸系减水剂对水泥水化产物的影响

为了研究聚羧酸系减水剂与水泥水化产物间的作用机理,利用差示扫描量热仪研究了减水剂对水泥水化产物组成的影响;采用化学合成法制备出水化硅酸钙,在合成过程中分别掺入聚羧酸系或萘系减水剂,对合成的水化硅酸钙进行扫描电镜分析、核磁共振测试和傅里叶红外光谱分析.结果表明:与萘系减水剂相比,聚羧酸系减水剂促进了水泥的水化,使水泥石中水化硅酸钙凝胶及氢氧化钙的生成总量增大;聚羧酸系减水剂可以减小水化硅酸钙的颗粒尺寸,使其聚合度增大;减水剂能促使水化硅酸钙中的硅氧四面体聚合度增加,且聚羧酸系减水剂的增强效果优于萘系减水剂.     

聚羧酸系高效减水剂的研究现状及水泥适应性分析

聚羧酸系高性能减水剂作为一种新型高效减水剂,性能优异.本文主要结合国内外对聚羧酸高效减水剂的研究进展,分别阐述了聚羧酸系高性能战水剂的作用机理、国内外研究现状及其与水泥的适应性,总结了当前研究与应用中存在的问题,并对未来发展方向进行了展望.     

聚羧酸系减水剂与萘系减水剂的对比实验研究

本文通过对聚羧酸系减水剂与萘系减水剂的对比实验,研究两种减水剂的性能特点。结果表明,与萘系减水剂相比,聚羧酸减水剂具有更好的水泥适应性、掺量少、高减水率、混凝土坍落度经时损失少、更适合配制低水灰比混凝土等特点。     

外加剂与硫铝酸盐水泥相容性研究

研究了萘系、氨基磺酸盐系和聚羧酸系高效减水剂与硫铝酸盐水泥的相容性问题。利用缓凝剂有效控制了硫铝酸盐水泥的凝结时间；利用浆体稳定剂成功解决了水泥净浆的板结、泌水问题；从浆体流变学角度研究了外加剂-硫铝酸盐水泥浆体体系稳定性。实验证明：3种外加剂与硫铝酸盐水泥都具备了良好的相容性，据此提出了解决外加剂与硫铝酸盐水泥相容性问题的一些方法，为硫铝酸盐水泥的应用提供一些可靠的理论依据。     

聚羧酸系高效减水剂的研究现状及发展方向

本文介绍了聚羧酸系高效减水剂的国内外现状与发展趋势,探讨了聚羧酸系减水剂的作用机理和存在的问题,展望了该减水剂的发展方向,从而提高了人们对聚羧酸高效减水剂的认识。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with