海北次凹新生代烃源岩地球化学特征

海北次凹新生代古近系阜宁组及泰州组二段发育厚度不等的暗色湖相泥岩。从有机质丰度、有机质类型、有机质成熟度以及生物标志物等方面,研究了海北次凹新生代烃源岩的地球化学特征。阜二段和泰二段烃源岩有机质丰度高,为较好-好烃源岩;阜一段为较好-较差烃源岩,阜三段为较差烃源岩。有机质类型阜二段和泰二段优于阜一段和阜三段,阜二段有机质类型主要为Ⅱ_1-Ⅱ_2型,泰二段为Ⅱ_2型。有机质热演化程度较低,部分样品达到成熟阶段。泰二段、阜二段的烃源岩形成于强还原高盐度的半深湖-深湖环境,有机质母质与半咸水-咸水的藻类及高等植物相关。     

控制东营凹陷烃源岩排烃的几个关键因素

通过东营凹陷钻井取心的观察及不同结构烃源岩地质地球化学特征的比较,从内因、外因两个方面对烃源岩排烃的控制因素进行了分析,并且就烃源岩岩性结构对排烃及成藏的控制作用进行了初步研究.认为内因为有机质类型、丰度及成熟度,反映烃源岩中生烃母质的特征,东营凹陷大量样品测试结果显示烃源岩的生烃潜量、排烃量与有机质丰度呈良好的线性关系;外部因素包括源岩的结构、源岩内有效的运移通道、压力的分布及外部的构造运动等各种地质作用及内、外部环境.研究结果表明,东营凹陷主力烃源岩沙四上及沙三下段具有多种岩性结构形式,其中沙四上及沙三下下部主要发育纹层状泥页岩,油气以远距离侧向运移为主;沙三下上部及沙三中主要发育块状泥岩,油气以垂向运移为主.不同的排烃方式造成了油气分布的差异,沙四型原油分布于凹陷外围,沙三型原油分布于凹陷内围,混合型原油分布于中间地带.     

辽河滩海烃源岩地球化学特征分析

通过评价滩海地区烃源岩的有机质丰度,用干酪根镜下显微组分鉴定．干酪根元素,干酪根碳同位素,生物标志化合物等几种方法确定烃源岩的有机质类型以及有机质成熟度的分析,得出结论滩海地区主力烃源岩为沙河街级三段,其次为沙河街组一二段,潍海西部凹陷和东部凹陷生油门限存在差异,滩海西部凹陷生油门限为2800m左右,滩海东部凹陷为2850m左右。     

鄂尔多斯盆地宜川地区上古生界烃源岩评价

依据氢指数（HI）、降解率（PC/TOC）等两个方面的地球化学指标,按照煤系地层烃源岩有机质类型划分标准,对研究区的山西-太原组烃源层的有机质类型作剖析,进行上古生界烃源岩系统评价。研究认为,本溪组烃源岩主要是泥岩,有机质丰度平均2.51%,泥岩干酪根母质类型主体属腐殖型干酪根,即Ⅲ型干酪根;太原组暗色泥岩有机质丰度平均2.26%,煤层比较发育,有机质丰度平均81.66%;山西组的泥岩比较发育,泥岩有机质丰度平均2.26%,煤层有机质丰度平均72.66%。本区上古生界干酪根显微组分都以镜质组为主,显示干酪根母质为腐殖型,即Ⅲ型干酪根,热成熟度演化较高,Ro都大于2.5%,Tmax为490℃以上,表明泥岩已达到过成熟阶段,本区暗色泥岩及煤层属中等—好气源岩,此次烃源岩的认识对该区下一步的勘探提供重要的依据。     

黄河口凹陷古近系烃源岩的地球化学特征

渤海湾盆地黄河口凹陷古近系发育有3套烃源岩,分别是沙三段、沙一至二段和东三段湖相烃源岩.3套烃源岩在整个凹陷内都有分布,岩性以灰色、深灰色、灰黑色以及黑色的泥岩和油页岩为主.沙三段和沙一至二段烃源岩有机质丰度高,有机质类型好,以ⅡA型和ⅡB型为主,有机质正处于生烃的高峰阶段,这2套烃源岩是黄河口凹陷最有利的烃源岩.     

青东凹陷沙三段、沙四段储层生油潜力与油气分布规律研究

青东地区是胜利油田勘探程度较低的地区之一,基于该区地层发育特征认识不足以及油气分布规律不明朗等问题,首先在构造、油藏类型、测井和地质资料基础上对研究区发育形态位置进行剖析,在明确了青东地区地层发育特征的基础上,结合烃源岩热分解资料,对该区烃源岩进行了研究,通过分析已钻井热解数据找出主要油源层以及生油潜力区,从绘制的沙四上亚段暗色泥岩等厚图和沙三下亚段暗色泥岩等厚图可以得到砂体在平面的上分布规律,进而初步确定了该区烃源岩特征以及油气在横、纵向上的分布规律,研究结果有利于对青东凹陷进行深入挖潜,为后续勘探开发提供地质依据。     

东营凹陷有效烃源岩成熟度评价

东营凹陷沙三段下亚段—沙四段上亚段有效烃源岩的镜质体反射率存在明显的抑制作用.利用2套有效烃源岩的FAMM分析成果,对其成熟度进行了重新评价.结果表明:烃源岩的有机质类型越好,镜质体反射率抑制程度越强;沙三段下亚段有效烃源岩的真实成熟度一般应在0.56%~1.01%,沙四段上亚段有效烃源岩的真实成熟度一般应在0.58%~1.30%.     

鄂尔多斯盆地南缘中元古界长城系烃源岩地球化学特征

为了弄清鄂尔多斯盆地南缘中元古界是否发育较好的烃源岩,综合利用野外地质实地考察、有机地球化学分析等方法,对长城系烃源岩野外地质特征和有机质丰度、类型、成熟度进行了研究。该套烃源岩主要发育于长城系高山河组顶部,为一套泻湖相暗色泥岩,累计厚度为38.3 m;TOC总体上比较高,达到烃源岩标准的占44.8%,其中差烃源岩、较好烃源岩和好烃源岩所占比例分别是25.9%,15.5%与3.4%;有机质类型以Ⅰ型为主,其次为Ⅱ型干酪根;长城系暗色泥岩奇偶碳数比OEP值介于0.76~1.04之间,最高仅为1.04,Tmax值介于583~601℃.盆地南缘长城系发育较好的烃源岩,具有一定的生烃能力,具备形成原生油气藏的基本前提条件。     

新疆三塘湖盆地烃源岩特征

新疆三塘湖盆地主要有三套烃源岩:中生界上三叠统和中下侏罗统煤系烃源岩、古生界上二叠统湖相低熟烃源岩和古生界下二叠统和石炭系湖相成熟烃源岩.烃源岩在马朗凹陷、条湖凹陷和汉水泉凹陷均有分布,岩性主要为暗色泥岩、煤和碳质泥岩.最有利的烃源岩为马朗凹陷中有机质丰度高、类型好、油气生成量大且碳酸盐岩含量高的上二叠统芦草沟组烃源岩.     

东营凹陷E-N岩浆活动对Es3-4泥质岩生烃范围的影响

目的探讨东营凹陷古近纪—新近纪岩浆活动对沙四上段—沙三中段暗色泥质岩生烃范围的影响。方法以东营凹陷160余口钻井、录井的岩浆岩资料为基础,编制古近系—新近系岩浆岩的分布图,对岩浆岩分布区的现今地温和古地温特征以及岩浆岩分布区的沙四上段—沙三中段暗色泥质岩的厚度、埋深和生烃特征进行研究。结果东营凹陷古近系和新近系岩浆岩主要分布于凹陷西部和南部,岩浆岩分布区沙四上段—沙三中暗色泥质岩埋深一般较浅(800～2 000 m);其现今地温梯度普遍偏高,一般在3.6～5.0℃/100 m;古近纪、新近纪岩浆活动期,该区具有更高的地温特征,其泥质岩有机质生烃门限深度可小于1 170 m。结论东营凹陷古近纪—新近纪,岩浆活动控制的沙四上段—沙三中暗色泥质岩有效生烃范围主要分布于东营凹陷西部和南部暗色泥质岩埋深较浅的区域。与由埋深增温作用控制的沙四上段—沙三中暗色泥质岩生烃范围在平面上形成了互补,致使沙四—沙三段暗色泥质岩的有效生烃范围几乎覆盖了整个凹陷。在油气勘探过程中,应充分考虑东营凹陷古近纪—新近纪岩浆活动控制的沙四上段—沙三中暗色泥岩有效生烃范围对油气藏形成与分布的影响,并加强在埋深较浅的受岩浆活动影响的暗色泥岩分布区页岩油气藏的勘探。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to