采用离散小波变换和游程长度编码的图像压缩与恢复

为研究图像的压缩与恢复技术,提出了采用离散小波变换和游程长度编码实现图像的压缩与恢复．首先将原图进行3层离散小波分解,然后对分解后的子图分别采用游程长度编码实现图像压缩,最后进行游程长度解码和离散小波反变换实现图像恢复．通过对4张标准测试图像的MATLAB实验仿真,证明了该方法具有较高的压缩率和较小的压缩误差,尤其适合于邻度像素灰度值相关性高的图像．     

方块编码之VB实现

针对方块编码用计算机编码编程较难,给出一种用Visual Basic实现方块编码的方法,采用设定子块的亮度阈值为子块灰度值的算术平均值,简化求子块亮度阈值,同时利用FOR循环和IF语句获得对应于各子块各个像素点的灰度值,进一步整合得到对应于解压图像各个像素点的灰度值,实验结果表明:该方法简单、有效.     

交流等离子体显示器改进型自适应子场编码驱动方法

为使交流等离子体显示器(AC PDP)中单纯累积发光模式产生更好的灰度显示效果,提出了一种改进型自适应子场编码驱动方法.该方法在比例较小的子灰度区间,对子区间内灰度级的累积概率密度进行采样处理,将采样灰度值定位在子区间内灰度概率密度值大的灰度级上;在比例较大的子灰度区间,直接对子区间内灰度级进行采样处理,以避免采样灰度值过于集中造成的较大量化误差,最终能够使由采样灰度值产生的各子场编码权值表达出最丰富的原始图像信息.仿真结果表明,提出的方法除了能够消除AC PDP动态假轮廓现象以外,在灰度级表现力上还优于现有文献中的类似方法,能够更好地再现原始图像信息.     

彩色等离子体显示器动态低灰度级增强技术

开发了一种利用反γ修正子场编码增强彩色等离子体显示器(PDP)动态低灰度级图像的技术.该技术基于灰度平均分配算法,通过输入灰度级的非均匀分配、低灰度级单独分配、反γ曲线低灰度级部分指数项的修正等3项改进技术对反γ修正子场编码进行校正,有效地增加了显示的动态低灰度级数目,在保证整幅图像显示效果的同时增强了彩色PDP对低灰度级图像的显示能力.该技术还可根据输入图像的灰度分布特点动态指定所要增强的灰度级范围,增强了算法的灵活性.仿真结果表明,当输入图像为0~255级灰度时,采用新技术可使输出灰度级在0~60的图像单元占全部图像单元的最高比率达到26.8%,是单纯使用反γ修正技术时的6.2倍.     

一种基于小波变换的分形图像编码压缩算法

有效的编码压缩算法是图像数据存储和传输的关键。本文在分析基本分形编码压缩算法（FCC）优缺点的基础上，提出了一种新的结合小波变换的分形图象编码压缩算法（DWT－FCC），该算法首先对图像进行二级小波变换分解，然后对分解后的高层子图像进行基本分形编码，并根据不同层子图像结构间的相似性，由高层分形编码构造低层子图像分形编码，实现图像的编码压缩。实验结果表明，该算法在缩短图像编码时间和提高压缩比方面，均取得了良好的效果。     

基于基因编码算法的图像边缘提取研究

为了提高图像边缘检测的质量,采用基因编码算法.首先确定基因头部和尾部的组成,给出了基因表达式树形式,对图像像素进行基因编码,接着图像背景与图像目标之间的灰度差异作为基因表达式树不同的分支,与分支具有同样灰度的像素合并为一类,最后给出了基因编码适应度函数,其选择基于标准误差方法.实验仿真表明,算法提取的灰度图像边缘没有断点,没有伪边缘信息,数据分析较好.     

一种基于小波分析的混合编码研究

提出了一种基于小波分析的图像混合编码方案。首先，应用二维小波变换对图像进行分解，然后根据分解后不同分辩率下的数据特点，对各级子图像采和没的量化编码方法进行处理。如对最低频子图像进行预测编码，地中频和次高频子图像进行门限量化和一种新的游程编码，最后对打包后的编码数据进行Ｈｕｆｆｍａｎ编码，计算机模拟结果表明，该方法压缩效果好，处理速度快，对“Ｇｉｒｌ”标准头肩像压缩比达到了２５倍，峰峰信噪比大于３４     

一种基于MALLAT算法的图像去雾方法

文章针对户外雾天场景下采集到的图像中包含大面积浓雾,影响图像细节信息的提取等问题,提出了一种基于小波变换的图像去雾方法。首先将含雾图像转换为灰度图像,再使用二维离散小波变换对灰度图像进行一次分解,对分解后得到的低频子图使用灰度线性变换处理,对三个高频子图分别使用灰度非线性变换处理,最后将处理后的四个子图进行二维离散小波逆变换重构,得到目标图像。仿真实验表明,文章所提方法与其他增强函数处理相比,去雾效果较好。     

关于静态灰度图像校正方案的研究

灰度图像是图像样本中最基础的一种,具有数据量小,表示简单,编码、存储、传输方便等优势,同时也是构建复杂彩色图像的基石,对于大多数图像处理场合都适用。本文通过研究低质量,高噪声灰度图像的像素特征,提出对静态灰度图像进行校正的综合点运算,包含分布运算,线性变换、阀值设定、窗口变换及灰度拉伸等各种子算法。实践证明,对不同图像进行合适的各种具体点运算对于灰度图像有很好的校正效果,极大提升了灰度图的质量,在此基础上后期加入色度算子还可以提升静态彩色图像的质量。     

采用视觉加权自适应阈值量化的彩色图像小波编码方法

提出了一种基于视觉特性的彩色图像小波变换编码方法。该方法是以一种简单的灰度图像小波编码方法为基础,首先通过小波变换将图像进行多分辨率分解;然后对彩色分量的高频子带数据进行适当的抛弃;对小波图像的高频数据采取自适应阈值量化方法克服恢复图像中的分量独立点噪声污染现象;最后根据小波系数的码字分布特征,采用行程编码结合Huffman编码。该方法可保证重建图像的主观视觉效果良好,而且具有较高的压缩倍率。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with