发酵液中1, 3-丙二醇的萃取分离

1,3-丙二醇是新型聚酯PTT的主要原料之一.为解决传统的精馏法提取1,3-丙二醇能耗过大的问题,研究了萃取法自稀溶液中分离1,3-丙二醇的过程.结果表明,普通物理萃取和络合萃取法均不能有效分离1,3-丙二醇.在强酸性树脂催化下,通过加入乙醛与1,3-丙二醇发生可逆缩醛反应生成2-甲基-1,3-二烷和甲苯同步萃取反应产物的反应-萃取耦合方法,可以有效分离稀溶液中1,3-丙二醇, 1,3-丙二醇的总转化率为99.1%, 2-甲基-1,3-二烷的收率为91.2%, 分配系数为3.35. 1,3-丙二醇稀溶液的反应萃取过程具有良好的工业可行性.     

一类两阶段甘油连续歧化过程的优化

研究了两阶段甘油连续歧化为1,3-丙二醇过程的优化问题.针对已有国内外文献计算的最优操作结果容易发生"洗出"现象(稀释速率大于0. 5 h~(-1))的不足,首先给出了两阶段甘油连续歧化为1,3-丙二醇过程的非线性动力学模型;然后针对两阶段甘油连续歧化为1,3-丙二醇过程,提出了与实际过程相符的稳态优化模型.该模型包含两个只有等式约束和有界变量约束的非线性优化问题.最后根据所建立稳态优化模型的特点,应用MATLAB软件的优化工具箱对其进行求解,得到了两阶段甘油连续歧化为1,3-丙二醇过程的最优操作条件.与已有文献结果相比,本文获得的计算结果更接近实际情况,即稀释速率不大于0. 5 h~(-1),不会发生"洗出"现象.     

微波促进SnCl4/C催化合成2,2-二羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇双缩醛(酮)

以活性炭负载SnCl4·5H2O为催化剂,利用微波技术合成8种2,2-二羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇双缩醛(酮),其中,2,2-二羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇双缩辛醛属新化合物.采用元素分析、傅里叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)和氢核磁共振1H NMR对产物进行表征.以苯甲醛与2,2-二羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇的缩合为模型反应对工艺条件进行优化,得其优化反应条件为催化剂负载量20%,催化剂用量0.25 g,2,2-二羟甲基-1,3-丙二醇4 g(30 mmol),苯甲醛66 mmol,微波功率600 W,辐射时间1.5 min,产率89.3%.     

基于生物鲁棒性的一类微生物连续发酵优化模型及其并行算法

针对一类微生物连续发酵生产1,3-丙二醇问题,基于生物鲁棒性,建立了最优控制和优化模型.证明了最优控制解的存在性,构造了并行粒子群算法,并通过大规模并行计算得到了底物最优流加策略.数值结果显示该流加策略可以显著提高稳态时刻1,3-丙二醇的浓度.     

一类连续生物过程的双目标优化

研究了甘油连续生物歧化过程的双目标优化.针对甘油生物歧化为1,3-丙二醇过程的还原途径酶催化非线性动力系统,首先构造了使甘油转化为1,3-丙二醇的转化率和3-羟基丙醛的浓度同时达到最优的双目标优化模型,其次利用加权和方法对其进行求解,最后获得了双目标优化问题的Pareto最优解集及Pareto最优前沿.     

微生物连续发酵过程线性反馈最优控制

研究了一类微生物连续发酵生产1,3-丙二醇的线性反馈最优控制策略.将稀释速率D和注入的甘油浓度C_(s0)作为控制变量,建立线性反馈控制器使得1,3-丙二醇的产量最大化.首先通过非线性动力系统模型,将最优化问题描述出来并引入线性反馈策略,使用精确罚方法找到这个半无限优化问题的近似问题.进而基于梯度优化,使用一种标准的非线性优化方法给出了近似问题的解,从而得到原优化问题的最优解并求得反馈控制参数.由于线性反馈控制策略可以实现闭环控制,很好地保证了鲁棒性,取得了一定的成效.     

高产1,3-丙二醇的海洋克雷伯氏菌株的分离鉴定（英文）

从海洋环境中分离并鉴定用于发酵生产1,3-丙二醇的海洋微生物菌株.1,3-丙二醇是一种重要的工业原料,主要用于生产新型聚酯材料——聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇脂.通过富集与选择培养、摇瓶发酵测试,筛选得到一株高产1,3-丙二醇菌株;通过API20E试剂条反应、16S r RNA基因序列比对分析、电镜形态观察及相关基因簇分析,鉴定命名该菌株为Klebsiella pneumonia HSL4.进一步分析表明该菌株具有耐盐、耐有机酸的特征.补料发酵实验表明,该菌株合成1,3-丙二醇浓度、生产强度、转化率分别达到80.08 g L-1,2.22 g L-1 h-1和0.53 mol mol-1.     

新型合成纤维原料1,3-丙二醇

1,3-丙二醇(1,3-propanediol,简称1,3PD)是一种重要的化工原料,可用作溶剂、抗冻剂或保护剂,是合成纤维聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)的基本原料.     

改进的微生物连续发酵动力系统及参数辨识

以微生物连续发酵生产1,3-丙二醇为背景,研究了非线性动力系统及其参数辨识问题.首先根据发酵过程的特征和动态行为,在底物甘油过量的条件下,考虑了细胞内甘油与1,3-丙二醇的浓度变化,改进了描述微生物连续发酵过程的非线性动力系统,分析并论述了该非线性动力系统的主要性质;其次以平均相对误差为性能指标,建立了参数辨识最优化模型,并用粒子群算法求解.计算结果表明,该模型适合描述主要产物1,3-丙二醇的动态行为,但用来描述副产物的浓度变化率不够精确.     

改进的微生物连续发酵动力系统及参数辨识

以微生物连续发酵生产1,3-丙二醇为背景,研究了非线性动力系统及其参数辨识问题.首先根据发酵过程的特征和动态行为,在底物甘油过量的条件下,考虑了细胞内甘油与1,3-丙二醇的浓度变化,改进了描述微生物连续发酵过程的非线性动力系统,分析并论述了该非线性动力系统的主要性质;其次以平均相对误差为性能指标,建立了参数辨识最优化模型,并用粒子群算法求解.计算结果表明,该模型适合描述主要产物1,3-丙二醇的动态行为,但用来描述副产物的浓度变化率不够精确.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to