既有建筑物地基纠偏技术探析

当建筑物沉降或沉降差过大,影响建筑物正常使用时,有时在进行地基加固后尚需进行纠偏和顶升。采用加载纠偏技术、基础底地基中掏土纠偏、基础侧地基中掏土纠偏,并确定顶升频率和顶升量,并在纠偏过程中进行监测,达到纠偏的目的。     

地基应力解除法纠偏模拟分析

对某实例应用有限元法对地基应力解除法纠偏建筑物的全过程进行了数值模拟,并对模拟过程中地基应力水平场和位移场的变化转移进行了分析。得出在掏土孔一侧,地基的竖向沉降量较大:而另外一侧的沉降量非常小:在地基范围以外的地表而甚至出现了反向隆起:在采用地基应力解除法进行建筑物纠偏施工时,纠偏孔应尽量靠近建筑物基础等结论。得出了地基应力和位移的变化规律,以加深岩土工作者对地基应力解除法纠偏技术认识的深度。     

高压水射流掏土纠偏的实验研究

常规的土纠偏是掏在作业井、槽内实施的 ,这在地下水位较高的情况下会遇到较大的困难 .在一栋六层住宅楼的纠偏工程中 ,为了避开地下水的影响 ,开展了高压水射流掏土的工艺实验 .整个实验过程是借助旋喷注浆机具在地表完成的 .实验结果表明 ,采用高压水射流掏土不仅完全能够达到纠偏的设计要求 ,而且只要遵循少量、多次的掏土原则 ,施工时加强沉降观测 ,地基的沉降过程也是完全可控的     

腹板开孔对冷弯薄壁C型钢简支檩条受力性能影响

为了研究腹板开孔对冷弯薄壁C型钢简支檩条受力性能的影响,选取不同孔洞直径和间距的腹板开孔冷弯薄壁C型钢简支檩条进行有限元受力性能分析,分析腹板开孔冷弯薄壁C型钢简支檩条的刚度、承载力、应力分布和破坏模式,研究孔洞离支座距离、孔径和孔间距对简支檩条受力性能的影响。结果表明:仅距支座檩条高度(H)以上处开直径不超过檩条高度1/2孔洞时,开孔基本不影响C型钢檩条的受力性能。腹板沿全长均匀开孔会降低檩条的受力性能,随着孔径增大,孔距减少,檩条的受力性能降低,弹塑性阶段越短,屈服荷载、极限荷载明显下降,构件整体刚度下降,位移增大明显。当开孔直径不大于H/3、孔间净距不小于3H时,开孔对檩条极限荷载基本没影响,位移增大不到1.4%。开孔对檩条破坏模式没有影响,均表现为跨中上翼缘屈曲,跨中上、下翼缘应力达到屈服。     

高压水射流掏土纠偏的实验研究

常规的土纠偏是掏在作业井、槽内实施的，这在地下水位较高的情况下会遇到较大的困难，在一栋六层住宅楼的纠偏工程中，为了避开地下水的影响，开展了高压水射流掏土的工艺实验，整个实验过程是借助旋喷注浆机具在地表完成的，实验结果表明，采用高压水射流掏土不仅完全能够达到纠偏的设计要求，而且只要遵循少量、多次的掏土原则，施工时加强沉降观测，地基的沉降过程也是完全可控的。     

不同超载比真空联合堆载预压处理吹填土效果及对周围环境的影响

真空联合堆载预压处理吹填土地基时,沉降量、孔压消散值、含水率、十字板剪切强度是衡量土体加固效果的重要指标,而针对一些设计要求高、周围环境复杂的工程,土体侧向位移的大小和变化规律作为控制堆载过程、满足变形与稳定要求、考察对周围环境影响的重要指标应引起重视。室内试验主要通过三种不同的超载比(堆载量与设计真空度之比)进行真空联合堆载室内模型试验,对真空-堆载联合作用下土体侧向收缩变形特性进行研究,探求最合适的超载比方案。     

预钻孔孔径对沉桩挤土效应的影响分析

为研究预钻孔孔径大小对沉桩挤土效应的影响,基于修正剑桥模型的圆孔扩张理论解答,把沉桩过程看作不排水的圆柱形孔扩张的过程,把桩周土体分为塑性区与弹性区,对比分析不同预钻孔孔径下沉桩产生的塑性区半径、桩土接触压力、桩周土体位移、孔隙水压力.分析表明土体性质及修正剑桥模型中的参数对挤土效应均有影响,其中各向同性超固结比对挤土效应的影响最大,当预钻孔孔径小于一定值时,孔径大小变化对挤土效应影响不明显.本文分析可以为沉桩工程提供理论参考.     

软土地区桩基施工群孔效应作用机理研究

本研究利用Plaxis 3D有限元软件对群孔效应引发周边地层显著变形的原因进行了探索分析,通过孔周应力变化及孔周土体变形分析揭示了群孔效应的内在机理.结果表明,单孔情况下周围土体中会出现水平环向应力拱和竖向应力转移,有效限制孔壁内缩变形.而群孔之间的相互作用主要包括以下3方面:一是孔与孔之间对彼此应力拱的影响,具体表现为对环向应力拱的分布范围和拱强度的削弱作用;二是孔与孔之间对彼此竖向应力转移的影响,由于群孔之间距离有限,孔间应力转移同样受到削弱和破坏;三是在已有空孔附近再次成孔的卸荷效应,会使得周围土体有向该孔变形的趋势.群孔效应对周边环境的较大影响是以上3种因素共同作用的结果.当大量空孔存在且孔间距较小时,孔周边土体水平和竖向应力拱相互影响削弱导致每个空孔的内缩变形均大于单孔时的变形值,这是群孔效应中孔与孔相互作用的内在机理,也是其引发周边土体变形严重的主要原因.     

腹部开设圆孔的钢筋混凝土梁的试验研究(Ⅳ)

通过试验研究了腹部分别开设较小单孔以及双孔的钢筋混凝土的破坏特点、钢筋的应变特点、挠度、裂缝宽度及承载力等力学特性。结果表明,孔洞尺寸对开孔梁的力学性能影响明显,腹部开设双孔（孔间净距大于孔径）时,对梁的力学性能无明显影响,所得结果为工程实践提供了依据。     

基于改进壳-柱模型的盾构隧道饱和地基动应力解

针对现有壳-柱模型无法考虑盾构隧道壁后注浆层的问题,分别采用无限长的双层圆柱壳模拟盾构隧道衬砌和壁后注浆层,中空圆土柱模拟饱和地基,基于Flügge圆柱壳理论和Biot波动理论,结合边界条件,求解隧道内作用固定简谐荷载时饱和地基中的动应力,并分析其分布规律及注浆层对土体动应力的影响.结果表明:隧道注浆层底部土体径向正应力τrr和孔压Pf幅值随着与荷载的轴向距离增大而减小,剪应力τrz随距离增加先增大后减小,至3 D(隧道直径)时地基动应力接近于0;土体的渗透性越差,径向正应力和孔压幅值越大,但当土体渗透系数k小于10-5 m·s-1时,渗透系数的进一步减小对地基动应力幅值的影响不大;隧道壁后注浆层能减小土体径向正应力和孔压(约5%~8%);注浆层下方同一点土体径向正应力和孔压幅值均随着注浆层厚度增加而线性减小;而注浆层的弹性模量在一定范围内(50~650MPa)变化时对其几乎无影响.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to